MongoDB基本语法详解

1、查询所有记录

db.userInfo.find();

相当于：select* from userInfo;

2、查询去掉后的当前聚集集合中的某列的重复数据

db.userInfo.distinct("name");

会过滤掉name中的相同数据

相当于：select distict name from userInfo;

3、查询age = 22的记录

db.userInfo.find({"age": 22});

相当于： select * from userInfo where age = 22;

4、查询age > 22的记录

db.userInfo.find({age: {$gt: 22}});

相当于：select * from userInfo where age >22;

5、查询age < 22的记录

db.userInfo.find({age: {$lt: 22}});

相当于：select * from userInfo where age <22;

6、查询age >= 25的记录

db.userInfo.find({age: {$gte: 25}});

相当于：select * from userInfo where age >= 25;

7、查询age <= 25的记录

db.userInfo.find({age: {$lte: 25}});

8、查询age >= 23 并且 age <= 26

db.userInfo.find({age: {$gte: 23, $lte: 26}});

9、查询name中包含 mongo的数据

db.userInfo.find({name: /mongo/});

//相当于%%

select * from userInfo where name like ‘%mongo%’;

10、查询name中以mongo开头的

db.userInfo.find({name: /^mongo/});

select * from userInfo where name like ‘mongo%’;

11、查询指定列name、age数据

db.userInfo.find({}, {name: 1, age: 1});

相当于：select name, age from userInfo;

当然name也可以用true或false,当用ture的情况下河name:1效果一样，如果用false就是排除name，显示name以外的列信息。

12、查询指定列name、age数据, age > 25

db.userInfo.find({age: {$gt: 25}}, {name: 1, age: 1});

相当于：select name, age from userInfo where age >25;

13、按照年龄排序

升序：db.userInfo.find().sort({age: 1});

降序：db.userInfo.find().sort({age: -1});

14、查询name = zhangsan, age = 22的数据

db.userInfo.find({name: 'zhangsan', age: 22});

相当于：select * from userInfo where name = ‘zhangsan’ and age = ‘22’;

15、查询前5条数据

db.userInfo.find().limit(5);

相当于：selecttop 5 * from userInfo;

16、查询10条以后的数据

db.userInfo.find().skip(10);

相当于：select * from userInfo where id not in (

selecttop 10 * from userInfo

);

17、查询在5-10之间的数据

db.userInfo.find().limit(10).skip(5);

可用于分页，limit是pageSize，skip是第几页*pageSize

18、or与 查询

db.userInfo.find({$or: [{age: 22}, {age: 25}]});

相当于：select * from userInfo where age = 22 or age = 25;

19、查询第一条数据

db.userInfo.findOne();

相当于：selecttop 1 * from userInfo;

db.userInfo.find().limit(1);

20、查询某个结果集的记录条数

db.userInfo.find({age: {$gte: 25}}).count();

相当于：select count(*) from userInfo where age >= 20;

21、按照某列进行排序

db.userInfo.find({sex: {$exists: true}}).count();

相当于：select count(sex) from userInfo;

索引

1、创建索引

db.userInfo.ensureIndex({name: 1});

db.userInfo.ensureIndex({name: 1, ts: -1});

2、查询当前聚集集合所有索引

db.userInfo.getIndexes();

3、查看总索引记录大小

db.userInfo.totalIndexSize();

4、读取当前集合的所有index信息

db.users.reIndex();

5、删除指定索引

db.users.dropIndex("name_1");

6、删除所有索引索引

db.users.dropIndexes();

 修改、添加、删除集合数据

1、添加

db.users.save({name: ‘zhangsan’, age: 25, sex: true});

添加的数据的数据列，没有固定，根据添加的数据为准

2、修改

db.users.update({age: 25}, {$set: {name: 'changeName'}}, false, true);

相当于：update users set name = ‘changeName’ where age = 25;

db.users.update({name: 'Lisi'}, {$inc: {age: 50}}, false, true);

相当于：update users set age = age + 50 where name = ‘Lisi’;

db.users.update({name: 'Lisi'}, {$inc: {age: 50}, $set: {name: 'hoho'}}, false, true);

相当于：update users set age = age + 50, name = ‘hoho’ where name = ‘Lisi’;

3、删除

db.users.remove({age: 132});

4、查询修改删除

db.users.findAndModify({

    query: {age: {$gte: 25}}, 

    sort: {age: -1}, 

    update: {$set: {name: 'a2'}, $inc: {age: 2}},

    remove: true

});

db.runCommand({ findandmodify : "users", 

    query: {age: {$gte: 25}}, 

    sort: {age: -1}, 

    update: {$set: {name: 'a2'}, $inc: {age: 2}},

    remove: true

});