Excel 导入导出数据库 Java实现

由于公司需求，想通过Excel导入数据添加到数据库中，而导入的Excel的字段是不固定的，使用得通过动态创建数据表，每个Excel对应一张数据表，怎么动态创建数据表，请看上一篇博客。
下面主要讲讲怎么将Excel导入到数据库中，直接上代码：干货走起~~

ExcellToObjectUtil 类
主要功能是讲Excel中的数据导入到数据库中，有几个注意点就是
1.一般Excel中第一行是字段名称，不需要导入，所以从第二行开始计算
2.每列的匹配要和对象的属性一样

import java.io.IOException;import java.text.DecimalFormat;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;import com.forenms.exam.domain.ExamInfo;public class ExcellToObjectUtil {    //examId,realName,身份证,user_card,sex,没有字段,assessment_project,admission_number,seat_number     /**     * 读取xls文件内容     *      * @return List<XlsDto>对象     * @throws IOException     *             输入/输出(i/o)异常     */    public static  List<ExamInfo> readXls(POIFSFileSystem poifsFileSystem) throws IOException {//        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(filepath);        HSSFWorkbook hssfWorkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(poifsFileSystem);        ExamInfo exam = null;        List<ExamInfo> list = new ArrayList<ExamInfo>();        // 循环工作表Sheet        for (int numSheet = 0; numSheet < hssfWorkbook.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet++) {            HSSFSheet hssfSheet = hssfWorkbook.getSheetAt(numSheet);            if (hssfSheet == null) {                continue;            }            // 循环行Row            for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= hssfSheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {                HSSFRow hssfRow = hssfSheet.getRow(rowNum);                if (hssfRow == null) {                    continue;                }                exam = new ExamInfo();                // 循环列Cell                HSSFCell examId = hssfRow.getCell(1);                if (examId == null) {                    continue;                }                double id = Double.parseDouble(getValue(examId));                exam.setExamId((int)id);//                HSSFCell realName = hssfRow.getCell(2);//                if (realName == null) {//                    continue;//                }//                exam.setRealName(getValue(realName));//                HSSFCell userCard = hssfRow.getCell(4);//                if (userCard == null) {//                    continue;//                }//                //                exam.setUserCard(getValue(userCard));                HSSFCell admission_number = hssfRow.getCell(8);                if (admission_number == null) {                    continue;                }                exam.setAdmission_number(getValue(admission_number));                HSSFCell seat_number = hssfRow.getCell(9);                if (seat_number == null) {                    continue;                }                exam.setSeat_number(getValue(seat_number));                list.add(exam);            }        }        return list;    }    public static  List<ExamInfo> readXlsForJS(POIFSFileSystem poifsFileSystem) throws IOException {//      InputStream is = new FileInputStream(filepath);      HSSFWorkbook hssfWorkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(poifsFileSystem);      ExamInfo exam = null;      List<ExamInfo> list = new ArrayList<ExamInfo>();      // 循环工作表Sheet      for (int numSheet = 0; numSheet < hssfWorkbook.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet++) {          HSSFSheet hssfSheet = hssfWorkbook.getSheetAt(numSheet);          if (hssfSheet == null) {              continue;          }          // 循环行Row          for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= hssfSheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {              HSSFRow hssfRow = hssfSheet.getRow(rowNum);              if (hssfRow == null) {                  continue;              }              exam = new ExamInfo();              // 循环列Cell 准考证号              HSSFCell admission_number = hssfRow.getCell(0);              if (admission_number == null) {                  continue;              }              exam.setAdmission_number(getValue(admission_number));              //读取身份证号              HSSFCell  userCard= hssfRow.getCell(2);              if (userCard == null) {                continue;              }              exam.setUserCard(getValue(userCard));              //读取座位号              HSSFCell seat_number = hssfRow.getCell(3);              if (seat_number == null) {                continue;              }              exam.setSeat_number(getValue(seat_number));              //读取考场号              HSSFCell fRoomName = hssfRow.getCell(6);              if (fRoomName == null) {                continue;              }              exam.setfRoomName(getValue(fRoomName));              //读取开考时间              HSSFCell fBeginTime = hssfRow.getCell(8);              if (fBeginTime == null) {                continue;              }              exam.setfBeginTime(getValue(fBeginTime));              //读取结束时间              HSSFCell fEndTime = hssfRow.getCell(9);              if (fEndTime == null) {                continue;              }              exam.setfEndTime(getValue(fEndTime));              list.add(exam);          }      }      return list;  }    /**     * 得到Excel表中的值     *      * @param hssfCell     *            Excel中的每一个格子     * @return Excel中每一个格子中的值     */    private static String getValue(HSSFCell hssfCell) {        if (hssfCell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {            // 返回布尔类型的值            return String.valueOf(hssfCell.getBooleanCellValue());        } else if (hssfCell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {            // 返回数值类型的值            DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0");              String strCell = df.format(hssfCell.getNumericCellValue());            return String.valueOf(strCell);        } else {            // 返回字符串类型的值            return String.valueOf(hssfCell.getStringCellValue());        }    }}

当然有导入功能，一定也有导出功能，下面介绍导出功能，直接上代码：

import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;import com.forenms.exam.domain.ExamInfo;public class ObjectToExcellUtil {    //导出的文件名称    public static String FILE_NAME = "examInfo";    public static String[] CELLS = {"序号","编号","真实姓名","证件类型","证件号","性别","出生年月","科目","准考证号","座位号","考场号","开考时间","结束时间"};    //examId,realName,身份证,user_card,sex,没有字段,assessment_project,admission_number,seat_number    public static void examInfoToExcel(List<ExamInfo> xls,int CountColumnNum,String filename,String[] names,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {            // 获取总列数//          int CountColumnNum = CountColumnNum;            // 创建Excel文档            HSSFWorkbook hwb = new HSSFWorkbook();            ExamInfo xlsDto = null;            // sheet 对应一个工作页            HSSFSheet sheet = hwb.createSheet(filename);//          sheet.setColumnHidden(1,true);//隐藏列            HSSFRow firstrow = sheet.createRow(0); // 下标为0的行开始            HSSFCell[] firstcell = new HSSFCell[names.length];            for (int j = 0; j < names.length; j++) {                 sheet.setColumnWidth(j, 5000);                firstcell[j] = firstrow.createCell(j);                firstcell[j].setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(names[j]));            }            for (int i = 0; i < CountColumnNum; i++) {                // 创建一行                HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);                // 得到要插入的每一条记录                xlsDto = xls.get(i);                for (int colu = 0; colu <= 12; colu++) {                    // 在一行内循环                    HSSFCell xh = row.createCell(0);                    xh.setCellValue(i+1);                    HSSFCell examid = row.createCell(1);                    examid.setCellValue(xlsDto.getExamId());                    HSSFCell realName = row.createCell(2);                    realName.setCellValue(xlsDto.getRealName());                    HSSFCell zjlx = row.createCell(3);                    zjlx.setCellValue("身份证");                    HSSFCell userCard = row.createCell(4);                    userCard.setCellValue(xlsDto.getUserCard());                    HSSFCell sex = row.createCell(5);                    sex.setCellValue(xlsDto.getSex());                    HSSFCell born = row.createCell(6);                    String bornTime = xlsDto.getUserCard().substring(6, 14);                    born.setCellValue(bornTime);                    HSSFCell assessment_project = row.createCell(7);                    assessment_project.setCellValue(xlsDto.getAssessmentProject());                    HSSFCell admission_number = row.createCell(8);                    admission_number.setCellValue(xlsDto.getAdmission_number());                    HSSFCell seat_number = row.createCell(9);                    seat_number.setCellValue(xlsDto.getSeat_number());                    HSSFCell fRoomName = row.createCell(10);                    fRoomName.setCellValue(xlsDto.getfRoomName());                    HSSFCell fBeginTime = row.createCell(11);                    fBeginTime.setCellValue(xlsDto.getfBeginTime());                    HSSFCell fEndTime = row.createCell(12);                    fEndTime.setCellValue(xlsDto.getfEndTime());                }            }            // 创建文件输出流，准备输出电子表格            response.reset();            response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=GBK");            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename+".xls");            OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();             hwb.write(os);            os.close();        }}

导出的功能十分简单，只要封装好对象，直接调用方法即可，现在讲讲导入的时候前台页面怎么调用问题，

<form method="post" action="adminLogin/auditResults/import" enctype="multipart/form-data" onsubmit="return importData();">  <input id="filepath" name="insuranceExcelFile" type="file" size="30" value=""    style="font-size:14px" /><button type="submit"  style="height:25px"  value="导入数据">导入数据</button>

导入的前台表单提交的时候，要注意设置 enctype=”multipart/form-data” ，其他也没什么难度。
后台接受的controller：

/**     * 读取用户提供的examinfo.xls     * @param request     * @param response     * @param session     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    @RequestMapping(value="adminLogin/auditResults/import",method=RequestMethod.POST)    public ModelAndView importExamInfoExcell(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session)throws Exception{        //获取请求封装        MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest=(MultipartHttpServletRequest)request;        Map<String, MultipartFile> fileMap = multipartRequest.getFileMap();        //读取需要填写准考证号的人员名单        ExamInfo examInfo = new ExamInfo();        List<ExamInfo> info =  examInfoService.queryExamInfoForDownLoad(examInfo);        //获取请求封装对象        for(Entry<String, MultipartFile> entry: fileMap.entrySet()){            MultipartFile multipartFile = entry.getValue();            InputStream inputStream = multipartFile.getInputStream();            POIFSFileSystem poifsFileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(inputStream);            //从xml读取需要的数据            List<ExamInfo> list =  ExcellToObjectUtil.readXlsForJS(poifsFileSystem);            for (ExamInfo ei : list) {                 //通过匹配身份证号  填写对应的数据                for (ExamInfo in : info){                    //如果身份证号 相同  则录入数据if(in.getUserCard().trim().toUpperCase().equals(ei.getUserCard().trim().toUpperCase())){                        ei.setExamId(in.getExamId());                        examInfoService.updateExamInfoById(ei);                        break;                    }                }            }        }        ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView(PATH+"importExcelTip");        request.setAttribute("data", "ok");        return mav;    }

好了，Excel导入导出的功能都搞定了，简单吧，需求自己修改一下 封装的对象格式和设置Excel的每个列即可自己使用！！