javaWeb+JasperReport报表开发简单实例

在网上搜索了很多JasperReport报表开发的例子，基本上都是说的一些理论知识，没有一个直接用代码直观表达的，想必大家想学习jasperReport报表的开始，都希望能够直观的看到代码，研究出代码执行后的效果是什么，而不是一大堆的理论，说这些对于刚开始学的有毛用，还不如直接看代码，在代码中多写点注释来的快。

本文用的是JasperReport最新版本6.0

JasperReport官网：community.jaspersoft.com

web开发建议下载JasperReports library --> jasperreports-xxx-project 里面包含demo以及api

项目结构：

jar包：新手可以把下载下来的所有jar包都放进去，熟练之后可以根据自己所需加入相关jar包

WebRoot下：新建reports文件夹，用来存放jrxml、jasper文件；build.xml(放入进去之后会出现蚂蚁图标)；

jrxml文件代码，此代码是xml格式文件，可以自己手写，也可以安装 iReport设计编译成jasper文件，为了入门下面纯手写

DbReport.jrxml：

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><jasperReport xmlns="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/xsd/jasperreport.xsd" name="DbReport" ><!-- jasperReport标签中name="DbReport"需要对应外面文件名, $P{}为填充参数,$V{}为值 ,$F{}为查询值或者为Jr数据--><!-- 页面样式标签 --属性：forecolor(前景色，就是文本)backcolor(背景色)hAlign(水平位置Center, Justified, Left, Right) vAlign(垂直位置Bottom, Middle, Top) border(边框1Point, 2Point, 4Point, Dotted, None, Thin) borderColor(边框颜色) fontName(字体) fontSize(字体大小) isBold,isItalic,IsUnderline,isStrikeThrough(粗体，斜体，下画线,..) lineSpacing(1_1_2, Double, Single行间距) rotation(旋转,Left, None, Right,转的是90度) isStyledText(指示这个Element是否用Style,true,false) isDefault(说明这个样式是否默认样式) --><style name="pageHeader" forecolor="#FFFFFF" backcolor="#333333"/><!-- 参数标签 --><parameter name="userName" class="java.lang.String"/><!-- 查询语句标签 --><queryString><![CDATA[select id,user_name as name,email,qq from user where user_name=$P{userName}]]></queryString> <!-- 显示字段标签 --><field name="id" class="java.lang.Integer" /><field name="name" class="java.lang.String" /><field name="email" class="java.lang.String" /><field name="qq" class="java.lang.String" /><pageHeader><band height="30"><staticText><reportElement style="pageHeader"  x="0" y="5" width="55" height="15"/><textElement textAlignment="Center"/><text><![CDATA[ID]]></text></staticText><staticText><reportElement style="pageHeader"  x="55" y="5" width="205" height="15"/><text><![CDATA[Name]]></text></staticText><staticText><reportElement style="pageHeader"  x="160" y="5" width="255" height="15"/><text><![CDATA[Email]]></text></staticText><staticText><reportElement style="pageHeader"  x="260" y="5" width="255" height="15"/><text><![CDATA[QQ]]></text></staticText></band></pageHeader><!-- 显示内容--><detail><band height="20"><textField><reportElement x="0" y="4" width="50" height="15"/><textElement textAlignment="Right"/><textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$F{id}]]></textFieldExpression></textField><textField isStretchWithOverflow="true"><reportElement positionType="Float" x="55" y="4" width="100" height="15"/><textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$F{name}]]></textFieldExpression></textField><textField isStretchWithOverflow="true"><reportElement positionType="Float" x="160" y="4" width="100" height="15"/><textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$F{email}]]></textFieldExpression></textField><textField isStretchWithOverflow="true"><reportElement positionType="Float" x="260" y="4" width="255" height="15"/><textFieldExpression><![CDATA[$F{qq}]]></textFieldExpression></textField><line><reportElement positionType="Float" x="0" y="19" width="515" height="1" forecolor="#808080"/></line></band></detail></jasperReport></span>

后台代码：TestServlet.java

<span style="font-size:14px;">package servlets;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.ServletContext;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import util.JDBC;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRDataSource;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRExporterParameter;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRResultSetDataSource;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperExportManager;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrint;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperReport;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperRunManager;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRMapArrayDataSource;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRHtmlExporter;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRHtmlExporterParameter;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRPdfExporter;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRXlsExporter;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRXlsExporterParameter;import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRLoader;import net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer;public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {@Overrideprotected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {try{ServletContext context = this.getServletConfig().getServletContext();//JasperCompileManager 编译管理器//JasperFillManager 填充管理器//JRXmlLoader xml加载器//JasperPrintManager 打印管理器//JasperExportManager 导出管理器//JasperRunManager 运行管理器JasperCompileManager.compileReportToFile(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jrxml"));//编译jrxml文件，生成jasper文件Map map=new HashMap();//参数mapmap.put("userName", "admin");//生成jrprint文件//JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"), map, JDBC.conn);File jasperFile=new File(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"));JasperReport jasperReport =(JasperReport)JRLoader.loadObject(jasperFile);            JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport, map,JDBC.conn);                        //将查询的数据填充到报表中            //String sql="select id,user_name as name,email,qq from user";            //ResultSet rs=JDBC.getResultSet(sql);            //JRResultSetDataSource jr=new JRResultSetDataSource(rs);             //JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"), map, jr);            //JDBC.closeAll(rs, JDBC.statement, null);//关闭数据连接                      //JasperRunManager.runReportToHtmlFile(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"), map, JDBC.conn);            //JasperRunManager.runReportToHtmlFile(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"), map, jr);            //生成html文件            //JasperRunManager.runReportToHtmlFile(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"), "E:/test.html", map, JDBC.conn);                        //InputStream  inputStream=getServletConfig().getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"));            //JasperRunManager.runReportToPdfStream(inputStream, response.getOutputStream(), map, jr);                        //-----以map数组为数据源,生成html文件            JasperRunManager.runReportToHtmlFile(context.getRealPath("/reports/DbReport.jasper"), "E:/test2.html", map, getReportDataSource());                                                //生成html数据            /*            JRHtmlExporter html = new JRHtmlExporter();            html.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, jasperPrint);            html.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.OUTPUT_WRITER,response.getWriter());            html.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_USING_IMAGES_TO_ALIGN,Boolean.FALSE);            html.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.CHARACTER_ENCODING, "utf-8");            html.exportReport();            */            //生成excel            /*            JRXlsExporter xls=new JRXlsExporter();            xls.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, jasperPrint);            xls.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.OUTPUT_STREAM, response.getOutputStream());            xls.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_ONE_PAGE_PER_SHEET, Boolean.FALSE);            xls.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_WHITE_PAGE_BACKGROUND, Boolean.FALSE);            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=first.xls");            response.setContentType("application/vnd_ms-excel");            xls.exportReport();            */            //生成pdf            /*            JRPdfExporter pdf = new JRPdfExporter();             pdf.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, jasperPrint);            pdf.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.OUTPUT_STREAM, response.getOutputStream());                         response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=first.pdf");            response.setContentType("application/pdf");            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");              pdf.exportReport();*/}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}private JRDataSource getReportDataSource(){//new JRMapArrayDataSource(getMaparray());这里也可以传自定义对象数组，对象属性字段必须对应DbReport.jrxml中显示数据字段JRMapArrayDataSource dataSource=new JRMapArrayDataSource(getMaparray());return dataSource;}private Map[] getMaparray(){//map key键必须对应DbReport.jrxml中显示数据字段Map map1=new HashMap();map1.put("id", 1);map1.put("name", "aaa");map1.put("email", "[e-mail]");map1.put("qq", "111");Map map2=new HashMap();map2.put("id", 2);map2.put("name", "bbb");map2.put("email", "[e-mail]");map2.put("qq", "222");Map map3=new HashMap();map3.put("id", 3);map3.put("name", "ccc");map3.put("email", "[e-mail]");map3.put("qq", "333");Map[] mapArray=new Map[3];mapArray[0]=map1;mapArray[1]=map2;mapArray[2]=map3;return mapArray;}}</span>

JDBC:

<span style="font-size:14px;">package util;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.Statement;public class JDBC {public static String driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";public static String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myapp";public static String user="root";public static String pwd="root";public static Connection conn=getConnection();public static Statement statement=getStatement();private static Connection getConnection(){if(conn==null){try{ Class.forName(driver); conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,pwd);}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}return conn;}private static Statement getStatement(){if(statement==null){try{statement=conn.createStatement();}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}return statement;}public static ResultSet getResultSet(String sql){ResultSet rs=null;try{rs=statement.executeQuery(sql);}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}return rs;}public static void closeAll(ResultSet rs,Statement st,Connection cn){try{if(rs!=null){rs.close();}if(st!=null){st.close();}if(cn!=null){cn.close();}}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}}</span>

执行效果：html数据

页面的样式是可以通过jrxml文件的配置的，手写肯定不太好看，iReport是jasperReport的可视化工具,可以下载 iReport工具来设计。

上面代码保存之后，代码前面可能会多出<span>标签