Android ANT 如何编译Jar 和 APK
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最近在研究Android 的Ant 编译环境，遂将经验总结写下来。大家都知道我们可以在eclipse 里面编译android 的工程，这是怎么完成的呢？它主要是由于ADT 插件调用android的build tools完成的。其实eclipse 的编译也是通过Ant 脚本来完成编译的。/adnroid-sdk/tools/ant/build.xml 这就是ADT 插件调用的ant脚本，通过执行这个脚本就可以在完成android工程的编译。
那么如果不依赖ADT 插件，我们可以完成android 工程的编译呢？当然可以，首先必须安装Apache Ant，目前最新版本是1.9.4，下载解压放到android sdk 目录下，然后将其bin路径添加到环境变量PATH 。最后只需要在你的android 工程目录下编写build.xml 文件。
1. 如何编译Jar 文件，啥也不说了，直接上代码
下面为编译脚本build.sh 文件，最终会调用build.xml 文件。local.properties 文件是Ant 自动生成的，里面会自动指定 sdk.dir 变量，另外我们还手动指定了一个me.version,指定编译的版本号。
#!/bin/bashPROP_FILE=local.propertiesPROP_VERSION_KEY=me.versionVERSION=`cat ${PROP_FILE} | grep ${PROP_VERSION_KEY} | cut -d'=' -f2`GITSHA1=`git log | sed -n '1p' | awk '{print $2}'`MTL_OUTPUT=targetecho '##################################################### Android Build system####################################################'#预设置android sdk目录android update project -p .#1.编译jnindk-build cleanndk-build#2.编译jarant -f build.xmlecho '################################################### Make the tar package ##################################################'tar -cvf ${MTL_OUTPUT}/aliroot_${VERSION}_${GITSHA1}.tar.gz sdklocal.properties 文件：# This file is automatically generated by Android Tools.# Do not modify this file -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE ERASED!## This file must *NOT* be checked into Version Control Systems,# as it contains information specific to your local configuration.# location of the SDK. This is only used by Ant# For customization when using a Version Control System, please read the# header note.sdk.dir=/Users/mars/development/AndroidSDK/sdkme.version=1.1.0build.xml 文件：
<project default="jar" name="Acid" basedir="."> <!-- 工程目录结构 project |-bin |-src |-lib |-out |-build.xml --> <property file="local.properties" /> <!-- ANT环境变量 --> <property environment="env" /> <!-- SDK目录(获取操作系统环境变量ANDROID_SDK_HOME的值) --> <!-- <property name="sdk-folder" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}" /> --> <!-- property name="sdk-folder" value="${env.ANDROID_SDK_HOME}" /> --> <property name="sdk-folder" value="${sdk.dir}" /> <!-- SDK指定平台中build tools目录 --> <property name="sdk-build-tools" value="${sdk-folder}/build-tools/19.0.0" /> <property name="sdk-tools" value="${sdk-folder}/tools" /> <!-- SDK指定平台中platforms目录 --> <property name="sdk-platform-folder" value="${sdk-folder}/platforms/android-19" /> <!-- SDK指定平台android.jar目录 --> <property name="android-jar" value="${sdk-platform-folder}/android.jar" /> <!-- 编译aidl文件所需的预处理框架文件framework.aidl --> <property name="framework-aidl" value="${sdk-platform-folder}/framework.aidl" /> <!-- AIDL build tool --> <condition property="exe" value=".exe" else=""><os family="windows" /></condition> <condition property="bat" value=".bat" else=""><os family="windows" /></condition> <property name="aidl" value="${sdk-build-tools}/aidl${exe}" /> <property name="proguard.jar" location="${sdk-tools}/proguard/lib/proguard.jar" /> <loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" /> <condition property="proguard.enabled" value="true"> <isset property="proguard.config" /> </condition> <property name="libs.dir" value="libs"/> <property name="src.dir" value="src/com/alibaba/alibaba_root"/> <property name="aidl.dir" value="src"/> <property name="classes.obj.dir" value="classes"/> <property name="classes.obj.bin.dir" value="classes/bin"/> <!-- 生成R文件的相对目录 --> <property name="outgen.dir" value="gen" /> <property name="output.dir" value="sdk"/> <property name="jarname" value="alibaba_root_${me.version}.jar"/> <property name="obfuscate.jarname" value="alibaba_root_obfuscate_${me.version}.jar"/> <property name="mainclass" value="com.alibaba.alibaba_root"/> <property name="manifest.file" value="AndroidManifest.xml"/> <!-- 第三方jar包的路径 --> <path id="lib-classpath"> <!--<fileset dir="${libs.dir}">--> <fileset dir="libs"> <include name="**/*.jar"/> <!-- <include name="android.jar"/>--> </fileset> </path> <!-- 1.1 初始化工作，如创建目录等 --> <target name="init"> <delete dir="${classes.obj.dir}" /> <delete dir="${classes.obj.bin.dir}" /> <mkdir dir="${classes.obj.dir}"/> <mkdir dir="${classes.obj.bin.dir}"/> <mkdir dir="${outgen.dir}"/> <mkdir dir="${output.dir}"/> <mkdir dir="${output.dir}/armeabi"/> <mkdir dir="${output.dir}/assets"/> <taskdef name="xmltask" classname="com.oopsconsultancy.xmltask.ant.XmlTask" classpath="./forbuild/xmltask.jar" /> <xmltask dest="${basedir}/${manifest.file}" encoding="utf-8" source="${basedir}/${manifest.file}" > <!-- 设置isdebug=true --> <!-- 运行环境，线上0，日常1，预发2 --> <attr attr="android:value" path="//manifest/application/meta-data[@android:name='root_server_config']" value="0" /> </xmltask> </target> <!--1.2 编译aidl文件 --> <target name="aidl" depends="init"> <echo>Compiling .aidl into java files...</echo> <apply executable="${aidl}" failonerror="true"> <!-- 指定预处理文件 --> <arg value="-p${framework-aidl}" /> <!-- aidl声明的目录 --> <arg value="-I${aidl.dir}" /> <!-- 目标文件目录 --> <arg value="-o${outgen.dir}" /> <!-- 指定哪些文件需要编译 --> <fileset dir="${aidl.dir}"> <include name="**/*.aidl" /> </fileset> </apply> </target> <!-- 2. 编译整个sdk --> <target name="compile" depends="aidl"> <echo>Compiling java source code...</echo> <javac destdir="${classes.obj.dir}" bootclasspath="${android-jar}"> <src path="${src.dir}" /> <src path="${outgen.dir}" /> <compilerarg line="-encoding UTF-8"/> <classpath refid="lib-classpath"/> </javac> </target> <!-- 3. 打包jar文件 --> <target name="jar" depends="compile"> <copy todir="${output.dir}/armeabi"> <fileset dir="${libs.dir}/armeabi"/> </copy> <copy todir="${output.dir}/assets"> <fileset dir="assets"/> </copy> <!--Create a property containing all .jar files, prefix lib/, and seperated with a space--> <pathconvert property="mf.classpath" pathsep=" "> <mapper> <chainedmapper> <!-- jar包文件只留文件名，去掉目录信息 --> <flattenmapper/> <!-- add lib/ prefix --> <globmapper from="*" to="lib/*"/> </chainedmapper> </mapper> <path refid="lib-classpath"/> </pathconvert> <!-- jar文件的输出路径 --> <jar destfile="${classes.obj.bin.dir}/${jarname}" basedir="${classes.obj.dir}"> <manifest> <attribute name="Main-class" value="${mainclass}"/> <attribute name="Class-Path" value="${mf.classpath}"/> </manifest> </jar> <antcall target="obfuscate" /> </target> <!-- proguard 混淆 --> <target name="obfuscate" if="proguard.enabled"> <echo>Start proguard obfuscate...</echo> <taskdef resource="proguard/ant/task.properties" classpath="${proguard.jar}" /> <proguard configuration="${basedir}/proguard-project.txt"> -injar ${classes.obj.bin.dir}/${jarname} -outjar ${output.dir}/${obfuscate.jarname} -libraryjar ${android-jar} -libraryjar ${libs.dir}/securityguard-2.3.39.jar -libraryjar ${libs.dir}/umid-1.3.0.jar </proguard> <!-- move file="${output.dir}/${obfuscate.jarname}" tofile="${output.dir}/${jarname}"/--> </target> </project>proguard-project.txt 文件：-optimizationpasses 5-dontusemixedcaseclassnames-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses-dontpreverify#-dontwarn-verbose-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!class/merging/*-keepattributes InnerClasses,Exceptions-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity-keep public class * extends android.app.Application-keep public class * extends android.app.Service-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider-keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgentHelper-keep public class * extends android.preference.Preference-keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService-keepclasseswithmembernames class * { native <methods>;}-keepclasseswithmembers class * { public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);}-keepclasseswithmembers class * { public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);}-keepclassmembers class * extends android.app.Activity { public void *(android.view.View);}-keepclassmembers enum * { public static **[] values(); public static ** valueOf(java.lang.String);}-keep class * implements android.os.Parcelable { public static final android.os.Parcelable$Creator *;}-keep interface com.xxx.zzz{public *;}-keep class com.yyy.JNIHelper-keepclassmembers class com.yyy.JNIHelper{public *;}还需要在project.properties 文件中指定proguard.config. 下面是project.properties 文件：
# This file is automatically generated by Android Tools.# Do not modify this file -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE ERASED!## This file must be checked in Version Control Systems.## To customize properties used by the Ant build system edit# "ant.properties", and override values to adapt the script to your# project structure.## To enable ProGuard to shrink and obfuscate your code, uncomment this (available properties: sdk.dir, user.home):#proguard.config=${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt:proguard-project.txt# Project target.target=android-19android.library=falseproguard.config=proguard-project.txt2. 如何编译APK文件：build.sh，local.properties 文件都跟上面一样。只需要修改build.xml 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project name="RootDemoApk_Offline" default="release" basedir="."> <property file="local.properties" /> <property environment="env" /> <!-- SDK Locations --> <!-- SDK目录(获取操作系统环境变量ANDROID_SDK_HOME的值) --> <!-- <property name="sdk-folder" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}" /> --> <!-- <property name="sdk-folder" value="${env.ANDROID_SDK_HOME}" /> --> <property name="sdk-folder" value="${sdk.dir}" /> <property name="sdk-platform" value="${sdk-folder}/platforms/android-19" /> <property name="sdk-tools" value="${sdk-folder}/tools" /> <property name="sdk-build-tools" value="${sdk-folder}/build-tools/19.0.0" /> <property name="sdk-platform-tools" value="${sdk-folder}/platform-tools" /> <property name="proguardpath" location="${wtkhome}/lib/proguard" /> <!-- step 1.generate R.java by aapt 2.compile java to class by javac 3.generate classes.dex by dx.bat --> <!-- 4.package resources by aapt 5. package resource and classes.dex by apkbuilder.bat 6.sign apk by jarsinger --> <!-- Tools --> <property name="aapt" value="${sdk-build-tools}/aapt" /> <property name="dx" value="${sdk-build-tools}/dx" /> <property name="aidl" value="${sdk-build-tools}/aidl" /> <property name="adb" value="${sdk-platform-tools}/adb" /> <property name="android-jar" value="${sdk-platform}/android.jar" /> <property name="jarsigner" value="${env.JAVA_HOME}/bin/jarsigner" /> <!-- Application Package Name --> <property name="application-package" value="com.alibaba.alibaba_root_demo" /> <property name="version" value="1.0.0" /> <property name="debug.keystore" value="${basedir}/debug.keystore" /> <property name="manifest.file" value="AndroidManifest.xml"/> <!-- The intermediates directory --> <!-- Eclipse uses "bin" for its own output, so we do the same. --> <property name="outdir-bin" value="target" /> <property name="outdir-gen" value="gen" /> <!-- source directories --> <property name="resource-dir" value="res" /> <property name="asset-dir" value="assets" /> <property name="srcdir" value="src" /> <property name="srcdir-absolutepath" value="${basedir}/${srcdir}" /> <property name="external-libs" value="libs" /> <property name="external-libs-absolutepath" value="${basedir}/${external-libs}" /> <!-- dest directories --> <property name="des-resource-dir" value="${outdir-bin}/res" /> <property name="des-asset-dir" value="${outdir-bin}/assets" /> <property name="des-srcdir" value="${outdir-bin}/src" /> <property name="des-external-libs" value="${outdir-bin}/libs" /> <!-- Output directories --> <property name="outdir-classes" value="${outdir-bin}/src" /> <!-- Intermediate files --> <property name="dex-file" value="classes.dex" /> <property name="intermediate-dex" value="${outdir-bin}/${dex-file}" /> <property name="intermediate-dex-absolutepath" value="${basedir}/${intermediate-dex}" /> <!-- The final package file to generate --> <property name="resources-package" value="${outdir-bin}/resource.ap_" /> <property name="resources-package-absolutepath" value="${basedir}/${resources-package}" /> <property name="out-unsigned-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}-unsigned.apk" /> <property name="out-unsigned-package-absolutepath" value="${basedir}/${out-unsigned-package}" /> <property name="out-signed-package" value="${outdir-bin}/${ant.project.name}.apk" /> <property name="out-signed-package-absolutepath" value="${basedir}/${out-signed-package}" /> <!-- init --> <target name="init"> <echo>Creating all output directories </echo> <delete dir="${outdir-bin}" /> <delete dir="${outdir-gen}" /> <mkdir dir="${outdir-bin}" /> <mkdir dir="${outdir-classes}" /> <mkdir dir="${outdir-gen}" /> <taskdef name="xmltask" classname="com.oopsconsultancy.xmltask.ant.XmlTask" classpath="../forbuild/xmltask.jar" /> <xmltask dest="${basedir}/${manifest.file}" encoding="utf-8" source="${basedir}/${manifest.file}" > <!-- 设置isdebug=true --> <!-- 运行环境，线上0，线下1 --> <attr attr="android:value" path="//manifest/application/meta-data[@android:name='root_server_config']" value="1" /> </xmltask> </target> <!-- Generate the R.java file for this project's resources. --> <target name="resource-src" depends="init"> <echo>Generating R.java / Manifest.java from the resources...</echo> <exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="package" /> <arg value="-m" /> <arg value="-J" /> <arg value="${outdir-gen}" /> <arg value="-M" /> <arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /> <arg value="-S" /> <arg value="${resource-dir}" /> <arg value="-I" /> <arg value="${android-jar}" /> </exec> </target> <!-- Generate java classes from .aidl files. --> <target name="aidl" depends="resource-src"> <echo>Compiling aidl files into Java classes...</echo> <apply executable="${aidl}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="-p${android-framework}" /> <arg value="-I${srcdir}" /> <fileset dir="${srcdir}"> <include name="**/*.aidl" /> </fileset> </apply> </target> <!-- Compile this project's .java files into .class files. --> <target name="compile" depends="aidl"> <echo>Compiling java source code...</echo> <javac destdir="${outdir-classes}" bootclasspath="${android-jar}"> <src path="${srcdir}" /> <src path="${outdir-gen}"/> <compilerarg line="-encoding UTF-8"/> <classpath> <fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar" /> </classpath> </javac> </target> <!-- Convert this project's .class files into .dex files. --> <target name="dex" depends="compile"> <echo>Converting compiled files and external libraries into ${outdir-bin}/${dex-file}...</echo> <apply executable="${dx}" failonerror="true" parallel="true"> <arg value="--dex" /> <arg value="--output=${intermediate-dex-absolutepath}" /> <arg path="${outdir-classes}" /> <fileset dir="${external-libs}" includes="*.jar" /> </apply> </target> <!-- Put the project's resources into the output package file. --> <target name="package-res-and-assets" depends="dex"> <echo>Packaging resources and assets...</echo> <exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="package" /> <arg value="-f" /> <arg value="-M" /> <arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /> <arg value="-S" /> <arg value="${resource-dir}" /> <arg value="-A" /> <arg value="${asset-dir}" /> <arg value="-I" /> <arg value="${android-jar}" /> <arg value="-F" /> <arg value="${resources-package}" /> </exec> </target> <!-- Same as package-res-and-assets, but without "-A ${asset-dir}" --> <!-- <target name="package-res-no-assets"> <echo>Packaging resources...</echo> <exec executable="${aapt}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="package" /> <arg value="-f" /> <arg value="-M" /> <arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /> <arg value="-S" /> <arg value="${resource-dir}" /> <arg value="-I" /> <arg value="${android-jar}" /> <arg value="-F" /> <arg value="${resources-package}" /> </exec> </target> --> <!-- apk-builder 在android 高版本上没有，它是一个打包脚本，相当于下面 --> <target name="package" depends="package-res-and-assets"> <java classpath="${sdk-tools}/lib/sdklib.jar" classname="com.android.sdklib.build.ApkBuilderMain"> <arg value="${out-unsigned-package-absolutepath}" /> <arg value="-u" /> <arg value="-z" /> <arg value="${resources-package-absolutepath}" /> <arg value="-f" /> <arg value="${intermediate-dex-absolutepath}" /> <arg value="-rf" /> <arg value="${srcdir-absolutepath}" /> <arg value="-rj"/> <arg value="${external-libs-absolutepath}"/> <!-- libs下面的so库打包 --> <arg value="-nf" /> <arg value="${external-libs-absolutepath}" /> </java> </target> <target name="jarsigner" depends="package"> <echo>jarsigner ${out-unsigned-package} for release...</echo> <exec executable="${jarsigner}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="-verbose" /> <arg value="-storepass" /> <arg value="android" /> <arg value="-keypass" /> <arg value="android" /> <arg value="-keystore" /> <arg value="${debug.keystore}" /> <arg value="-signedjar" /> <arg value="${out-signed-package-absolutepath}" /> <arg value="${out-unsigned-package-absolutepath}" /> <arg value="androiddebugkey" /> </exec> </target> <target name="release" depends="jarsigner"> <echo>jarsigner for release succefully...</echo> </target> <!-- Install the package on the default emulator --> <!-- <target name="install" depends="debug"> <echo>Installing ${out-debug-package} onto default emulator...</echo> <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="install" /> <arg value="${out-debug-package}" /> </exec> </target> <target name="reinstall" depends="debug"> <echo>Installing ${out-debug-package} onto default emulator...</echo> <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="install" /> <arg value="-r" /> <arg value="${out-debug-package}" /> </exec> </target> --> <!-- Uinstall the package from the default emulator --> <!-- <target name="uninstall"> <echo>Uninstalling ${application-package} from the default emulator...</echo> <exec executable="${adb}" failonerror="true"> <arg value="uninstall" /> <arg value="${application-package}" /> </exec> </target> --></project> 0 0
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