R语言绘图——Graphics包

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先给出一下参考说明：

R绘图 http://www.cnblogs.com/holbrook/archive/2013/05/13/3075777.html

R语言中颜色对照表 http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=PnCsIjv3e_OGw2COt4AEo3_tHTisOYoHLGf9bf-jjzkfGIJhFZpEQrS6CAELUypnR82Wdj6VclURzzACwbUOszZVHoPnNt27RiM-Uv1B4z3

参考书《R语言核心技术手册》

我只是个勤劳的搬运工，主要是根据上面说到的参考书中的例子或者是说明文档中的例子，加以整理，放在这里，总结也是个自己以后的一个备份。

Graphic包常见的可绘制的图

Graphic中的函数

描述

说明文档

plot

画图基础函数，可绘制多种图，用type参数控制图的类型

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/plot.html

matplot

类似plot可画多种图，同时展示多列数据

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/matplot.html

barplot

柱状图或列图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/barplot.html

dotchart

克利夫兰点图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/dotchart.html

hist

直方图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/hist.html

pie

饼图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/pie.html

density

核密度图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/stats/html/density.html

stripchart

纸带图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/stripchart.html

smoothScatter

平滑散点图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/smoothScatter.html

pairs

散点矩阵图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/pairs.html

image

image图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/doc/html/Search?pattern=image

contour

等高图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/contour.html

persp

三维数据透视图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/persp.html

heatmap(stats中)

热图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/stats/html/heatmap.html

sunflowerplot

太阳花图

http://127.0.0.1:10143/library/graphics/html/sunflowerplot.html

数据导入（主要数据来自nutshell包）

require(“nutshell”)library(nutshell)

plot()

data(toxins.and.cancer)attach(toxins.and.cancer)plot(total_toxic_chemicals/Surface_Area,deaths_total/Population)

matplot()

test <-toxins.and.cancer[,c(-1,-7,-8,-9,-10,-11,-12,-13,-14,-15)]colnames(test)[1]"total_toxic_chemicals"[2] "total_on_site"       [3] "air_on_site"         [4] "other_on_site"       [5] "off_site"            matplot(test)matplot(test,type='l')matplot(test,type='o')

barplot()

data(doctorates)doctoratesdoctorates.m <-as.matrix(doctorates[2:7])rownames(doctorates.m) <-doctorates[,1]barplot(doctorates.m,legend=TRUE)

barplot(doctorates.m,beside=TRUE,horiz=TRUE,legend=TRUE,cex.names=.75)barplot(doctorates.m,beside=TRUE,horiz=TRUE,legend=TRUE,cex.names=.55)#y轴字体的大小

barplot(doctorates.m,beside=TRUE,horiz=TRUE,legend=TRUE,cex.names=.55,col=c("yellow","gray","orange","blue","red","purple"))

 barplot(t(doctorates.m),legend=TRUE,ylim=c(0,66000))

pie()

domestic.catch.2006 <-c(7752,1166,463,108)names(domestic.catch.2006) <-c("one","two","three","four")pie(domestic.catch.2006,init.angle=90)

pie(domestic.catch.2006,init.angle=100,main="捕鱼数据",sub="单位：百万磅")

persp()

data(yosemite)dim(yosemit)dim(yosemite)[1] 562 253yosemite.flipped <-yosemite[,seq(from=253,to=1)]yosemite.rightmost <-yosemite[nrow(yosemite)-ncol(yosemite)+1,]halfdome <-yosemite[(nrow(yosemite)-ncol(yosemite)+1):562,seq(from=253,to=1)]persp(halfdome,col=gray(.15),border=NA,expand=.15,theta=225,phi=20,ltheta=45,lphi=20,shade=.55)

image()

image(yosemite,asp=253/562,ylim=c(1,0),col=sapply((0:32)/32,gray))

contour()

contour(yosemite,asp=253/562,ylim=c(1,0))

heatmap()

参考文章http://my.oschina.net/u/1791586/blog/285250，下面例子是说明文档中的一个最简单的例子。

x <- as.matrix(mtcars)rc <- rainbow(nrow(x), start = 0,end = .3)cc <- rainbow(ncol(x), start = 0,end = .3)hv <- heatmap(x, col =cm.colors(256), scale = "column",+               RowSideColors = rc,ColSideColors = cc, margins = c(5,10),+               xlab = "specificationvariables", ylab =  "CarModels",+               main = "heatmap(<Mtcarsdata>, ..., scale = \"column\")")utils::str(hv) # the two re-orderingindex vectorsList of 4 $ rowInd: int [1:32] 31 17 16 15 5 25 29 24 76 ... $ colInd: int [1:11] 2 9 8 11 6 5 10 7 1 4 ... $ Rowv : NULL $ Colv : NULL

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