Android如何使用自定义控件

来源：互联网发布：正版linux 编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/04/27 16:22

实现一个如图所示的自定义控件

实现自定义控件的步骤：

自定义属性(attr.xml)
自定义控件(Tobbar.java)
引用自定义控件activity_main.xml)
主程序调用(MainActivity.java)

1.自定义属性(attr.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources>    <!-- declare-styleable：自定义属性的值 -->    <declare-styleable name="TopBar">        <attr name="title" format="string" />        <attr name="titleTextSize" format="dimension" />        <attr name="titleTextColor" format="color" />        <attr name="leftTextColor" format="color" />        <attr name="leftBackground" format="reference|color" />        <attr name="leftText" format="string" />        <attr name="rightTextColor" format="color" />        <attr name="rightBackground" format="reference|color" />        <attr name="rightText" format="string" />    </declare-styleable></resources>

自定义属性详解

2.自定义控件(Tobbar.java)

package com.sky.customwidget;import android.content.Context;import android.content.res.TypedArray;import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;import android.util.AttributeSet;import android.view.Gravity;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.*;public class Topbar extends RelativeLayout {private Button leftButton, rightButton;private TextView tvTitle;private int leftTextColor;private Drawable leftBackground;private String leftText;private int rightTextColor;private Drawable rightBackground;private String rightText;private float titleTextSize;private int titleTextColor;private String title;        private LayoutParams leftParams, rightParams, titleParams;public Topbar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {super(context, attrs);//使用TypedArray存储获取到的自定义属性,查看View的源代码3281行TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.Topbar);leftTextColor = ta.getColor(R.styleable.Topbar_leftTextColor, 0);leftBackground = ta.getDrawable(R.styleable.Topbar_leftBackground);leftText = ta.getString(R.styleable.Topbar_leftText);rightTextColor = ta.getColor(R.styleable.Topbar_rightTextColor, 0);rightBackground = ta.getDrawable(R.styleable.Topbar_rightBackground);rightText = ta.getString(R.styleable.Topbar_rightText);titleTextSize = ta.getDimension(R.styleable.Topbar_titleTextSize, 0);titleTextColor = ta.getColor(R.styleable.Topbar_titleTextColor, 0);title = ta.getString(R.styleable.Topbar_skytitle);ta.recycle();leftButton = new Button(context);rightButton = new Button(context);tvTitle = new TextView(context);leftButton.setTextColor(leftTextColor);leftButton.setBackgroundDrawable(leftBackground);leftButton.setText(leftText);rightButton.setTextColor(rightTextColor);rightButton.setBackgroundDrawable(rightBackground);rightButton.setText(rightText);tvTitle.setTextColor(titleTextColor);tvTitle.setTextSize(titleTextSize);tvTitle.setText(title);tvTitle.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);setBackgroundColor(0xFFF59563);leftParams = new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,ViewGroup.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);leftParams.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_LEFT);addView(leftButton, leftParams);rightParams = new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,ViewGroup.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);rightParams.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_RIGHT);addView(rightButton, rightParams);titleParams = new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);titleParams.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_IN_PARENT);addView(tvTitle, titleParams);        }}

这里我们继承了RelativeLayout，调用了一部分RelativeLayout的属性，要想实现更加自由的布局，可以直接继承View类

3.引用自定义控件activity_main.xml)

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:sky="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.sky.customwidget"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    tools:context=".MainActivity" >    <com.sky.customwidget.Topbar         android:id="@+id/topBar"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="40dp"    sky:leftBackground="#323412"sky:leftText="Back"sky:leftTextColor="#FFFFFF"sky:rightBackground="#123f12"sky:rightText="More"sky:rightTextColor="#FFFFFF"sky:skytitle="Title"sky:titleTextColor="#123412"sky:titleTextSize="10sp"></com.sky.customwidget.Topbar></RelativeLayout>

注意：要定义xmlns:sky="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/包名"，之后才能写sky:XXX

而且这里的XXX要与attr.xml里定义的名称一一对应

4.主程序调用(MainActivity.java)

package com.sky.customwidget;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;public class MainActivity extends Activity {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);}}

这样，我们的自定义控件就完成了，可是如果我们想要将这个自定义控件封装成jar包，并实现左右Button的单击事件该怎么做呢？

自定义控件进阶（请听下回分解~~）

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