[黑马程序员]12[OC语言]OC基本语法部分学习笔记总结

来源：互联网发布：c语言经典第五版pdf 编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/06 01:51

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OC基本语法介绍

1. 类与对象

OC中的类,什么是类,面向对象思想

//人,类名:Person

//属性:(成员变量,实例变量):体重,年龄

//行为(方法):走路

//1.类的声明

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Person :NSObject

{

//成员变量

@public

int age;

double weight;

}

//方法的声明

- (void)walk;

@end

//2.类的实现

@implementation Person

//方法的实现

- (void)walk

{

NSLog(@"%d岁,%lf公斤的人走了一段路",age,weight);

}

@end

//主函数

int main()

{

// Person *p = [Person new];

// p->age = 20;

// p->weight =70.0;

// [p walk];//给指针p指向的对象发一条walk消息

// Person *p2 = [Person new];

// p2->age = 30;

// p2->weight = 80.0;

// [p2 walk];

Person *p =[Personnew];

p->age =20;

Person *p2=[Personnew];

p->weight =50.0;

[p walk];

return0;

}

2. 类与函数

类与函数的关系与区别

//函数:

//1.函数能写在文件中的任意位置(@interface和@end之间除外),函数归文件所有

//2.函数调用不依赖于对象

//3.函数内部不能直接通过成员变量名访问某个对象的成员变量

@interface Car :NSObject

{

int wheels;

int speed;

}

-(void)run;

@end

@implementation Car

-(void)run

{

NSLog(@"");

}

@end

void test(int w,int s)

{

w =20;

s =200;

}

void test1(Car *newC)

{

newC->wheels =5;

}

void test2(Car *newC)

{

Car *c2 =[Carnew];

c2->wheels =5;

c2->speed =300;

newC = c2;

newC->wheels =6;]

}

int main()

{

Car *c =[Carnew];

c->wheels =4;

c->speed =250;

test(c->wheels, c->speed);

test1(c);

[c run];

return0;

}

3. 类与方法

什么是方法,方法的声明与实现

//方法:

//1.对象方法都是以减号'-'

//2.对象方法的声明必须写在@interface和@end之间

// 对象方法的实现必须写在@implementation和@end之间

//3.对象方法只能由对象来调用

//4.对象方法归类/对象所有

//计算器类

//方法:

//1>返回π

//2>计算两个整数的和

//3>计算两个整数的平方

@interface Calculate :NSObject

{

}

@end

@implementation Calculate

@end

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface JiSuanQi :NSObject

-(double)fanHui;

-(int)pingFang:(int)num;

//-(int)sum:(int)num1:(int)num2;

-(int)sumWithNum1:(int)num1 andNum2:(int)num2;

@end

@implementation JiSuanqi

-(double)fanHui

{

return3.14

}

-(int)pingFang:(int)num

{

return num*num;

}

-(int)sumWithNum1:(int)num1 andNum2:(int)num2

{

return num1 +num2;

}

@end

int main()

{

JiSuanQi *jsq =[JiSuanQinew];

double a =[jsqfanHui];

NSLog(@"%f",a);

int b =[jsqpingFang:10];

int c =[jsqsumWithNum1:10andNum2:5];

return0;

}

4. 对象类型的属性与方法

//学生:

//成员变量:性别,生日,体重,最喜欢的颜色,狗......

//方法;吃,跑,遛狗,喂狗.......

typedefenum {

SexMan,

SexWoman

} Sex;

typedefstruct {

int year;

int month;

int day;

} Date;

typedefenum {

ColorBlack,

ColorRed,

ColorGreen

} Color;

@interface Dog :NSObject

{

Sex sex;

double weight;

Color CurColor;

}

-(void)eat;

-(void)run;

@end

@implementation Dog

-(void)eat

{

weight +=1;

NSLog(@"吃一次后体重为%d斤",weight);

}

-(void)run

{

weight -=1;

NSLog(@"跑一次后体重为%d斤",weight);

}

@end

@interface Student :NSObject

{

@public

Sex sex;

Date birthday;

double weight;

Color favColor;

char *name;

Dog *dog;

}

-(void)eat;

-(void)run;

-(void)print;

-(void)liuDog;

-(void)weiDog;

@end

@implementation Student

-(void)liuDog

{

//让狗跑()调用狗的run方法

[dogrun];

}

-(void)weiDog

{

[dogeat];

}

-(void)eat

{

weight +=1;

NSLog(@"chiyicizhang%fjin",weight);

}

-(void)print

{

NSLog(@"%d,%d,%s,%d-%d-%d",sex,weight,favColor,birthday.year,birthday.month,birthday.day);

}

-(void)run

{

weight -=1;

NSLog(@"paoyicijian%fjin",weight);

}

int main()

{

Student *s =[Studentnew];

s->weight =50;

Dog *d = [Dognew];

d->curColor =ColorGreen;

d->weight =20;

s->dog = d;

[s liuDog];

[s weiDog];

return0;

}

匿名对象的声明

@interface Car :NSObject

{

@public

int speed;

}

-(void)run;

@end

@implementation Car

-(void)run

{

NSLog(@"");

}

@end

int main()

{

// Car *c;

// c =[Car new];

// s->speed=250;

[Carnew]->speed =300;

[[Carnew]run];

return0;

}

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