第六周 【项目6-复数模板类】（1）（2）

问题描述：

 阅读教材例10.1。该例实现了一个复数类，但是美中不足的是，复数类的实部和虚部都固定只能是double型的。可以通过模板类的技术手段，设计Complex，使实部和虚部的类型为定义对象时指定的实际类型。
    （1）要求类成员函数在类外定义。
    （2）在此基础上，再实现减法、乘法和除法
    你可以使用的main()函数如下。

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

1. int main( )  
2. {  
3.     Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;   //实部和虚部是int型  
4.     c3=c1.complex_add(c2);  
5.     cout<<"c1+c2=";  
6.     c3.display( );  
7.     Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型  
8.     c6=c4.complex_add(c5);  
9.     cout<<"c4+c5=";  
10.     c6.display( );  
11.     //下面测试减法、乘法和除法  
12.     ……  
13.     return 0;  
14. }  

   代码：

#include <iostream>using namespace std;template <class temp>class Complex{public:    Complex(){real=0;imaginary=0;}    Complex(temp a,temp b){real=a,imaginary=b;}    Complex complex_add(Complex &c);    Complex complex_minus(Complex &c);    Complex complex_multiply(Complex &c);    Complex complex_divide(Complex &c);    void display( );private:    temp real;    temp imaginary;};template<class temp>void Complex<temp>::display(){    cout<<real<<"+"<<imaginary<<"i"<<'\12';}template<class temp>Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_add(Complex<temp> & c){    Complex<temp> c1;    c1.real=c.real+real;    c1.imaginary=c.imaginary+imaginary;    return c1;}template<class temp>Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_minus(Complex<temp> & c){    Complex<temp> c1;    c1.real=real-c.real;    c1.imaginary=imaginary-c.imaginary;    return c1;}template<class temp>Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_multiply(Complex<temp> & c){    Complex<temp> c1;    c1.real=real*c.real-imaginary*c.imaginary;    c1.imaginary=imaginary*c.real+real*c.imaginary;    return c1;}template<class temp>Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_divide(Complex    c3.display( );    c3=c1.complex_minus(c2);    cout<<"c1-c2=";    c3.display( );    c3=c1.complex_multiply(c2);    cout<<"c1*c2=";    c3.display( );    c3=c1.complex_divide(c2);    cout<<"c1/c2=";    c3.display( );<temp> & c){    Complex<temp> c1;    temp d=c.real*c.real+c.imaginary*c.imaginary;    c1.real=(real*c.real+imaginary*c.imaginary)/d;    c1.imaginary=(imaginary*c.real-real*c.imaginary)/d;    return c1;}int main( ){    Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;   //实部和虚部是int型    c3=c1.complex_add(c2);    cout<<"c1+c2=";    c3.display( );    c3=c1.complex_minus(c2);    cout<<"c1-c2=";    c3.display( );    c3=c1.complex_multiply(c2);    cout<<"c1*c2=";    c3.display( );    c3=c1.complex_divide(c2);    cout<<"c1/c2=";    c3.display( );    Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型    c6=c4.complex_add(c5);    cout<<"c4+c5=";    c6.display( );    c6=c4.complex_minus(c5);    cout<<"c4-c5=";    c6.display( );    c6=c4.complex_multiply(c5);    cout<<"c4*c5=";    c6.display( );    c6=c4.complex_divide(c5);    cout<<"c4/c5=";    c6.display( );    return 0;}

运行结果：