关于使用HttpURLConnection登录网站的问题

来源：互联网发布：linux oracle em打不开编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/23 01:17

入手爬虫有一段时间，不过之前一直使用的是apache的httpclient。但感觉每次引包太过麻烦，而且非常恶心，非得引它的核心包才行。于是就用jdk自带的HttpURLConnection写了一个，用来登录豆瓣网，但是小弟实在不知道是哪里出了问题。今天贴出代码。望大家帮忙找找原因

HttpUtils.java源码：
package Utils;

import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Scanner;

import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import Entity.HttpEntity;

/**
* Http工具类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class HttpUtils {

/** * 发送get请求 * @param url * @param map 请求头信息 * @return * @throws Exception */public static HttpEntity Get(URL url,HttpEntity entity)throws Exception{    HttpURLConnection urlconn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();    if (entity!=null) {        urlconn.setRequestProperty("Cookie", entity.getMap().get("Set-Cookie").toString());    }    return InputStreamToHttpEntity(urlconn,"utf-8");}/** * 发送post请求 * @param url * @param params 请求表单内容 * @param map 请求头信息 * @return * @throws Exception */public static HttpEntity Post(URL url, String params,HttpEntity entity)throws Exception{    HttpURLConnection urlconn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();    System.out.println(urlconn.getURL().toString());    if (entity!=null) {        urlconn.setRequestProperty("Cookie", entity.getCookies());        System.out.println(entity.getCookies());    }    urlconn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);    urlconn.setRequestMethod("POST");    urlconn.setDoOutput(true);    urlconn.setDoInput(true);    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(urlconn.getOutputStream());    out.print(params);    out.flush();    return InputStreamToHttpEntity(urlconn, "utf-8");}/** * 通过HttpURLConnection生成成HttpEntity对象 * @param is * @return */public static HttpEntity InputStreamToHttpEntity(HttpURLConnection urlconn){    HttpEntity entity = IsJump(urlconn);    try {        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)entity.getLocationurl().openConnection();        if (entity.getCookies()!=null && !"".equals(entity.getCookies())) {            conn.setRequestProperty("Cookie", entity.getCookies());        }        byte[] data = new byte[8192];        StringBuffer rs = new StringBuffer();        while (conn.getInputStream().read(data)!=-1) {            rs.append(new String(data));        }        entity.setContent(rs.toString());        entity.setStatCode(conn.getResponseCode());        entity.setMap(conn.getHeaderFields());        if (conn.getHeaderField("Location")==null) {            entity.setLocationurl(null);        }else {            entity.setLocationurl(new URL(conn.getHeaderField("Location")));        }    } catch (IOException e1) {        e1.printStackTrace();    }    return entity;}private static HttpEntity IsJump(HttpURLConnection urlconn){    HttpEntity entity = new HttpEntity();    try {        if (urlconn.getResponseCode()==302) {            String cookies = "";            Map<String, List<String>> map = urlconn.getHeaderFields();            List<String> list = map.get("Set-Cookie");            for (int i=0;i<list.size();i++) {                cookies+=(list.get(i));            }            cookies = cookies.substring(0, cookies.indexOf(";"));            entity.setCookies(cookies);            System.out.println(cookies);            entity.setLocationurl(new URL(map.get("Location").get(0)));        }else {            entity.setLocationurl(urlconn.getURL());        }    } catch (IOException e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }    return entity;}/** * 通过HttpURLConnection生成成HttpEntity对象 * @param is * @param Encode 输出编码 * @return */public static HttpEntity InputStreamToHttpEntity(HttpURLConnection urlconn, String Encode){    HttpEntity entity = InputStreamToHttpEntity(urlconn);    try {        entity.setContent(new String(entity.getContent().getBytes(),Encode));    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }    return entity;}/** * 下载手动输入验证码 * @param url * @param entity * @return */public static String DownAndInputCode(URL url,HttpEntity entity){    String result = "";    OutputStream out = null;    try {        HttpURLConnection urlconn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();        if (entity!=null) {            urlconn.setRequestProperty("Cookie", entity.getMap().get("Set-Cookie").toString());        }        File file = new File("D:/test/yzm/yzm.jpg");        out = new FileOutputStream(file);        byte[] data = new byte[8192];        while (urlconn.getInputStream().read(data)!=-1) {            out.write(data);        }        JFrame frame = new JFrame();        frame.setVisible(false);        frame.setBounds(300, 100, 300, 100);        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon("D:/test/yzm/yzm.jpg");        frame.add(new JLabel(icon));        frame.setVisible(true);        System.out.print("输入你看到的验证码:");        Scanner scr = new Scanner(System.in);        result = scr.nextLine();        System.out.println("验证码 : " + result);        frame.dispose();    } catch (IOException e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }finally{        if (out!=null) {            try {                out.close();            } catch (IOException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }    }    return result;}public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {    HttpEntity entity = Get(new URL("http://www.douban.com/j/misc/captcha"),null);    Map map = entity.getMap();    JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(entity.getContent());    String captcha_id = jsonObject.get("url").toString();    captcha_id = captcha_id.substring(captcha_id.indexOf("id="), captcha_id.indexOf("&size")).replace("id=", "");    String code = DownAndInputCode(new URL("http:"+jsonObject.get("url").toString()),entity);    String params = "form_email=363266400@qq.com&form_password=qweqweqwe123&source=index_nav" +            "&captcha-solution="+code+"&captcha-id="+captcha_id;    HttpEntity loginentity = Post(new URL("https://www.douban.com/accounts/login"), params, entity);    System.out.println(loginentity.getContent());}

}

还有一个封装的返回对象类HttpEntity.java ：
package Entity;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpEntity {

private Map<String, List<String>> map;      //头信息private String content;                     //返回的html内容private int StatCode;                       //返回码private String Cookies;                     //cookiesprivate URL Locationurl;                    //Location地址public URL getLocationurl() {    return Locationurl;}public void setLocationurl(URL locationurl) {    Locationurl = locationurl;}public String getCookies() {    return Cookies;}public void setCookies(String cookies) {    Cookies = cookies;}public int getStatCode() {    return StatCode;}public void setStatCode(int statCode) {    StatCode = statCode;}public Map<String, List<String>> getMap() {    return map;}public void setMap(Map<String, List<String>> map) {    this.map = map;}public String getContent() {    return content;}public void setContent(String content) {    this.content = content;}

}

最后本来还引入了一个jar包用来解析json数据的。没有用apache，因为用它的话又要引它核心的包。坑！！！！，所以网上找了一下，使用的是json.org.jar。小弟还不会上传附件。只好各位大神们百度一下啦

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