[C#基础]c#中的XmlSerializer类

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/nhxy/archive/2010/11/16/1878409.html

何为序列化？何为反序列化？引用msdn上的一句话就是——XML 序列化是将对象的公共属性 (Property) 和字段转换为序列格式（这里是指 XML）以便存储或传输的过程。反序列化则是从 XML 输出中重新创建原始状态的对象。因此，可以将序列化视为将对象的状态保存到流或缓冲区的方法。

先总结一下：

1.序列化的时候，一般要传入流以及类作为参数，若该流为写入流，则会写进文件里。

2.反序列化的时候，一般要传入流作为参数，若该流为读取流，则会读取文件。

一、

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.IO;using System.Xml;using System.Xml.Serialization;namespace ConsoleApplication1{    class SimpleSerializer    {        /// <summary>        /// 序列化对象        /// </summary>        /// <typeparam name="T">对象类型</typeparam>        /// <param name="t">对象</param>        /// <returns></returns>        public static string Serialize<T>(T t)        {            using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())            {                XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(t.GetType());                xz.Serialize(sw, t);                return sw.ToString();            }        }        /// <summary>        /// 反序列化为对象        /// </summary>        /// <param name="type">对象类型</param>        /// <param name="s">对象序列化后的Xml字符串</param>        /// <returns></returns>        public static object Deserialize(Type type, string s)        {            using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s))            {                XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(type);                return xz.Deserialize(sr);            }        }    }}

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Xml.Serialization;namespace ConsoleApplication1{    [Serializable]    public class UserInfo    {        private int m_UserId;        [XmlElement("userId")]        public int UserId        {            get { return m_UserId; }            set { m_UserId = value; }        }        private string m_UserName;        [XmlElement("userName")]        public string UserName        {            get { return m_UserName; }            set { m_UserName = value; }        }    }}

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;namespace ConsoleApplication1{    class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            TestOne();            Console.WriteLine();            TestTwo();            Console.WriteLine();            TestThree();            Console.WriteLine();            TestFour();            Console.ReadLine();        }        public static void TestOne()        {            UserInfo info = new UserInfo() { UserId = 1, UserName = "Guozhijian" };            Console.WriteLine(SimpleSerializer.Serialize<UserInfo>(info));        }        public static void TestTwo()        {            List<UserInfo> list = new List<UserInfo>();            list.Add(new UserInfo() { UserId = 1, UserName = "Guozhijian" });            list.Add(new UserInfo() { UserId = 2, UserName = "Zhenglanzhen" });            Console.WriteLine(SimpleSerializer.Serialize<List<UserInfo>>(list));        }        public static void TestThree()        {            string s = SimpleSerializer.Serialize<UserInfo>(new UserInfo() { UserId = 1, UserName = "Guozhijian" });            UserInfo info = SimpleSerializer.Deserialize(typeof(UserInfo), s) as UserInfo;            Console.WriteLine(info.UserId.ToString() + ", " + info.UserName);        }        public static void TestFour()        {            List<UserInfo> list = new List<UserInfo>();            list.Add(new UserInfo() { UserId = 1, UserName = "Guozhijian" });            list.Add(new UserInfo() { UserId = 2, UserName = "Zhenglanzhen" });            string s = SimpleSerializer.Serialize<List<UserInfo>>(list);            List<UserInfo> newList = SimpleSerializer.Deserialize(typeof(List<UserInfo>), s) as List<UserInfo>;            foreach (var info in newList)            {                Console.WriteLine(info.UserId.ToString() + ", " + info.UserName);            }        }    }}

运行结果：

二、

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;namespace SimpleSerialize{    [Serializable]    public class Radio    {        public bool hasTweeters;        public bool hasSubWoofers;        public double[] stationPresets;        [NonSerialized]        public string radioID = "XF-552RR6";    }}

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.Xml.Serialization;namespace SimpleSerialize{    [Serializable]    public class Car    {        public Radio theRadio = new Radio();        public bool isHatchBack;    }    [Serializable, XmlRoot(Namespace = "http://www.intertech.com")]    public class JamesBondCar : Car    {        [XmlAttribute]        public bool canFly;        [XmlAttribute]        public bool canSubmerge;        public JamesBondCar(bool skyWorthy, bool seaWorthy)        {            canFly = skyWorthy;            canSubmerge = seaWorthy;        }        // The XmlSerializer demands a default constructor!        public JamesBondCar() { }    }}

//Program.csusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.IO;// For the formatters.using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap;using System.Xml.Serialization;namespace SimpleSerialize{    class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            Console.WriteLine("***** Fun with Object Serialization *****\n");            // Make a JamesBondCar and set state.            JamesBondCar jbc = new JamesBondCar();            jbc.canFly = true;            jbc.canSubmerge = false;            jbc.theRadio.stationPresets = new double[] { 89.3, 105.1, 97.1 };            jbc.theRadio.hasTweeters = true;            // Now save / Load the car to a specific file.            SaveAsBinaryFormat(jbc, "CarData.dat");            LoadFromBinaryFile("CarData.dat");            SaveAsSoapFormat(jbc, "CarData.soap");            SaveAsXmlFormat(jbc, "CarData.xml");            SaveListOfCars();            SaveListOfCarsAsBinary();            LoadAsXmlFormat(jbc, "CarData.xml");            Console.ReadLine();        }        #region Save / Load as Binary Format        static void SaveAsBinaryFormat(object objGraph, string fileName)        {            // Save object to a file named CarData.dat in binary.            BinaryFormatter binFormat = new BinaryFormatter();            using (Stream fStream = new FileStream(fileName,                  FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))            {                binFormat.Serialize(fStream, objGraph);            }            Console.WriteLine("=> Saved car in binary format!");        }        static void LoadFromBinaryFile(string fileName)        {            BinaryFormatter binFormat = new BinaryFormatter();            // Read the JamesBondCar from the binary file.            using (Stream fStream = File.OpenRead(fileName))            {                JamesBondCar carFromDisk =                  (JamesBondCar)binFormat.Deserialize(fStream);                Console.WriteLine("Can this car fly? : {0}", carFromDisk.canFly);            }        }        #endregion        #region Save as SOAP Format        // Be sure to import System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap         // and reference System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap.dll.        static void SaveAsSoapFormat(object objGraph, string fileName)        {            // Save object to a file named CarData.soap in SOAP format.            SoapFormatter soapFormat = new SoapFormatter();            using (Stream fStream = new FileStream(fileName,              FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))            {                soapFormat.Serialize(fStream, objGraph);            }            Console.WriteLine("=> Saved car in SOAP format!");        }        #endregion        #region Save as XML Format        static void SaveAsXmlFormat(object objGraph, string fileName)        {            // Save object to a file named CarData.xml in XML format.            XmlSerializer xmlFormat = new XmlSerializer(typeof(JamesBondCar),              new Type[] { typeof(Radio), typeof(Car) });            using (Stream fStream = new FileStream(fileName,              FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))            {                xmlFormat.Serialize(fStream, objGraph);            }            Console.WriteLine("=> Saved car in XML format!");        }        #endregion        #region Load as XML Format        static void LoadAsXmlFormat(object objGraph, string fileName)        {            XmlSerializer a = new XmlSerializer(objGraph.GetType());            using (StreamReader fStream = new StreamReader(fileName))            {                JamesBondCar b = a.Deserialize(fStream) as JamesBondCar;                Console.WriteLine("=> Loaded car in XML format!");                Console.WriteLine("Can this car fly? : {0}", b.canFly);            }        }        #endregion        #region Save collection of cars        static void SaveListOfCars()        {            // Now persist a List<> of JamesBondCars.            List<JamesBondCar> myCars = new List<JamesBondCar>();            myCars.Add(new JamesBondCar(true, true));            myCars.Add(new JamesBondCar(true, false));            myCars.Add(new JamesBondCar(false, true));            myCars.Add(new JamesBondCar(false, false));            using (Stream fStream = new FileStream("CarCollection.xml",              FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))            {                XmlSerializer xmlFormat = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<JamesBondCar>),                  new Type[] { typeof(JamesBondCar), typeof(Car), typeof(Radio) });                xmlFormat.Serialize(fStream, myCars);            }            Console.WriteLine("=> Saved list of cars!");        }        static void SaveListOfCarsAsBinary()        {            // Save ArrayList object (myCars) as binary.            List<JamesBondCar> myCars = new List<JamesBondCar>();            BinaryFormatter binFormat = new BinaryFormatter();            using (Stream fStream = new FileStream("AllMyCars.dat",              FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))            {                binFormat.Serialize(fStream, myCars);            }            Console.WriteLine("=> Saved list of cars in binary!");        }        #endregion    }}

运行结果：