C# 导出Excel的示例

概要：

    excel导出在C#代码中应用己经很广泛了，我这里就做些总结，供自己和读者学习用。

Excel知识点。 
一、添加引用和命名空间
添加Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel引用，它的默认路径是C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Visual Studio Tools for Office\PIA\Office12\Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll
代码中添加引用using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
二、Excel类的简单介绍
此命名空间下关于Excel类的结构分别为：
ApplicationClass - 就是我们的excel应用程序。
Workbook - 就是我们平常见的一个个excel文件，经常是使用Workbooks类对其进行操作。
Worksheet - 就是excel文件中的一个个sheet页。
Worksheet.Cells[row, column] - 就是某行某列的单元格，注意这里的下标row和column都是从1开始的，跟我平常用的数组或集合的下标有所不同。
知道了上述基本知识后，利用此类来操作excel就清晰了很多。
三、Excel的操作
任何操作Excel的动作首先肯定是用excel应用程序，首先要new一个ApplicationClass 实例，并在最后将此实例释放。

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ApplicationClass xlsApp =new ApplicationClass();// 1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例，相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。

if (xlsApp == null)

{

//对此实例进行验证，如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel

}

1. 打开现有的Excel文件

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Workbook workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

Worksheet mySheet = workbook.Sheets[1]as Worksheet;//第一个sheet页

mySheet.Name = "testsheet"; //这里修改sheet名称

2.复制sheet页

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mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing, workbook.Sheets[1]);//复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页，复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2)，这里就是testsheet(2)，复制完后，Worksheet的数量增加一个

注意 这里Copy方法的两个参数，指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面，上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。
3.删除sheet页

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xlsApp.DisplayAlerts =false; //如果想删除某个sheet页，首先要将此项设为fasle。

(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1]as Worksheet).Delete();

4.选中sheet页

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(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1]as Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing);//选中某个sheet页

5.另存excel文件

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workbook.Saved =true;

workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath);

6.释放excel资源

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workbook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

workbook = null;

xlsApp.Quit();

xlsApp = null;

 

 

一般的我们传入一个DataTable生成Excel代码

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/// <summary>

///

/// </summary>

/// <param name="dt"></param>

protectedvoid ExportExcel(DataTable dt)

{

    if(dt == null||dt.Rows.Count==0)return;

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp =new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();

 

    if(xlApp == null)

    {

        return;

    }

    System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;

    System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture =new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;

    longtotalCount = dt.Rows.Count;

    longrowRead = 0;

    floatpercent = 0;

    for(int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)

    {

        worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;

        range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];

        range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;

        range.Font.Bold =true;

    }

    for(int r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)

    {

        for(int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)

        {

            worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();

        }

        rowRead++;

        percent = ((float)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;

    }

    xlApp.Visible =true;

}

 

 

如果要在excel中插入图片，我们需要把代码加入一行即可，如下所示

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protectedvoid ExportExcel(DataTable dt)

{

    if(dt == null|| dt.Rows.Count == 0) return;

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp =new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();

 

    if(xlApp == null)

    {

        return;

    }

    System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;

    System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture =new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];

    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;

    longtotalCount = dt.Rows.Count;

    longrowRead = 0;

    floatpercent = 0;

    for(int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)

    {

        worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;

        range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];

        range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;

    }

    for(int r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)

    {

        for(int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)

        {

            try

            {

                worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();

            }

            catch

            {

                worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString().Replace("=","");

            }

        }

        rowRead++;

        percent = ((float)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;

    }

     

    worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif", Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);

    worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1,"123456", "Red", 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);

    xlApp.Visible =true;

}

 

 

我们调用如下:

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public void GenerateExcel()

{

    DataTable dt =new DataTable();

    dt.Columns.Add("Name",typeof(string));

    dt.Columns.Add("Age",typeof(string));

    DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();

    dr["Name"] ="spring";

    dr["Age"] ="20";

    dt.Rows.Add(dr);

    dt.AcceptChanges();

    ExportExcel(dt);

}

 

 

运行结果如下所示:

其中如下代码的作用是

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worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif", Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);

在Excel的指定位置加入图片

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worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1,"123456", "Red", 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);

 

在Excel的指定位置加入文本框，和里面的内容.

 

我们可以这样来设计一个ExcelBase的基类:

先创建一个ExcelBE.cs：

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public class ExcelBE

 {

     privateint _row = 0;

     privateint _col = 0;

     privatestring _text = string.Empty;

     privatestring _startCell =string.Empty;

     privatestring _endCell = string.Empty;

     privatestring _interiorColor =string.Empty;

     privatebool _isMerge = false;

     privateint _size = 0;

     privatestring _fontColor =string.Empty;

     privatestring _format = string.Empty;

 

     publicExcelBE(introw, int col, string text, string startCell, string endCell, string interiorColor, bool isMerge, int size, string fontColor, string format)

     {

         _row = row;

         _col = col;

         _text = text;

         _startCell = startCell;

         _endCell = endCell;

         _interiorColor = interiorColor;

         _isMerge = isMerge;

         _size = size;

         _fontColor = fontColor;

         _format = format;

     }

 

     publicExcelBE()

     { }

 

     publicint Row

     {

         get{ return _row; }

         set{ _row = value; }

     }

 

     publicint Col

     {

         get{ return _col; }

         set{ _col = value; }

     }

 

     publicstring Text

     {

         get{ return _text; }

         set{ _text = value; }

     }

 

     publicstring StartCell

     {

         get{ return _startCell; }

         set{ _startCell = value; }

     }

 

     publicstring EndCell

     {

         get{ return _endCell; }

         set{ _endCell = value; }

     }

 

     publicstring InteriorColor

     {

         get{ return _interiorColor; }

         set{ _interiorColor = value; }

     }

 

     publicbool IsMerge

     {

         get{ return _isMerge; }

         set{ _isMerge = value; }

     }

 

     publicint Size

     {

         get{ return _size; }

         set{ _size = value; }

     }

 

     publicstring FontColor

     {

         get{ return _fontColor; }

         set{ _fontColor = value; }

     }

 

     publicstring Formart

     {

         get{ return _format; }

         set{ _format = value; }

     }

 

 }

 

 

接下来创建ExcelBase.cs:

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public class ExcelBase

{

    privateMicrosoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application app = null;

    privateMicrosoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null;

    privateMicrosoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = null;

    privateMicrosoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range workSheet_range =null;

 

    publicExcelBase()

    {

        createDoc();

    }

 

    publicvoid createDoc()

    {

        try

        {

            app =new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();

            app.Visible =true;

            workbook = app.Workbooks.Add(1);

            worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Sheets[1];

        }

        catch(Exception e)

        {

            Console.Write("Error");

        }

        finally

        {

        }

    }

 

    publicvoid InsertData(ExcelBE be)

    {

        worksheet.Cells[be.Row, be.Col] = be.Text;

        workSheet_range = worksheet.get_Range(be.StartCell, be.EndCell);

        workSheet_range.MergeCells = be.IsMerge;

        workSheet_range.Interior.Color = GetColorValue(be.InteriorColor);

        workSheet_range.Borders.Color = System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();

        workSheet_range.ColumnWidth = be.Size;

        workSheet_range.Font.Color =string.IsNullOrEmpty(be.FontColor) ? System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb() : System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();

        workSheet_range.NumberFormat = be.Formart;

    }

 

    privateint GetColorValue(stringinteriorColor)

    {

        switch(interiorColor)

        {

            case"YELLOW":

                returnSystem.Drawing.Color.Yellow.ToArgb();

            case"GRAY":

                returnSystem.Drawing.Color.Gray.ToArgb();

            case"GAINSBORO":

                returnSystem.Drawing.Color.Gainsboro.ToArgb();

            case"Turquoise":

                returnSystem.Drawing.Color.Turquoise.ToArgb();

            case"PeachPuff":

                returnSystem.Drawing.Color.PeachPuff.ToArgb();

 

            default:

                returnSystem.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();

        }

    }

}

 

 

调用的代码如下:

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privatevoid btnRun_Click(objectsender, EventArgs e)

{

    ExcelBase excel =new ExcelBase();

    //creates the main header

    ExcelBE be =null;

    be =new ExcelBE (5, 2,"Total of Products","B5", "D5", "YELLOW",true, 10, "n",null);

    excel.InsertData(be);

    //creates subheaders

    be =new ExcelBE (6, 2,"Sold Product","B6", "B6", "GRAY",true, 10, "",null);

    excel.InsertData(be);

    be=newExcelBE(6, 3, "","C6", "C6", "GRAY",true, 10, "",null);

    excel.InsertData(be);

    be=newExcelBE (6, 4, "Initial Total","D6", "D6", "GRAY",true, 10, "",null);

    excel.InsertData(be);

    //add Data to cells

    be=newExcelBE (7, 2, "114287","B7", "B7",null,false,10,"","#,##0");

    excel.InsertData(be);

    be=newExcelBE (7, 3, "","C7", "C7", null,false,10,"",null);

    excel.InsertData(be);

    be =new ExcelBE(7, 4,"129121", "D7", "D7",null, false, 10, "", "#,##0");

    excel.InsertData(be);

    //add percentage row

    be =new ExcelBE(8, 2,"", "B8","B8", null, false, 10,"", "");

    excel.InsertData(be);

    be =new ExcelBE(8, 3,"=B7/D7", "C8", "C8",null, false, 10, "", "0.0%");

    excel.InsertData(be);

    be =new ExcelBE(8, 4,"", "D8","D8", null, false, 10,"", "");

    excel.InsertData(be);

    //add empty divider

    be =new ExcelBE(9, 2,"", "B9","D9", "GAINSBORO", true, 10, "",null);

    excel.InsertData(be);  

 

}

 

 

结果如下图所示：