基于注解的SpringMvc配置说明

来源：互联网发布：java内部类初始化编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 06:05

SpringMVC是一个基于DispatcherServlet的MVC框架，每一个请求最先访问的都是DispatcherServlet；在web.xml中的DispatcherServlet配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">  <!-- 配置SpringMvc核心 DispatcherServlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- SpringMvc默认会到WEB-INF目录下寻找一个叫[servlet-name]-servlet.xml的配置文件 --> <!-- 如果需要手动指定配置文件的位置,那就是通过Servlet的初始化参数来设置contextConfigLocation参数的值 --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 表示启动容器的时候,初始化该servlet --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet>  <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>  <!-- 编码过滤 --> <filter>      <filter-name>encode</filter-name>      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>      <init-param>          <param-name>encoding</param-name>          <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>      </init-param>   </filter>   <filter-mapping>       <filter-name>encode</filter-name>       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>   </filter-mapping>  </web-app>

由于上面手动指定了SpringMvc-servlet.xml配置文件的位置，所以在src目录下面建立名称为SpringMvc-servlet.xml的文件,配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"     xsi:schemaLocation="     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd">   <!-- 注解驱动 --><mvc:annotation-driven /><!-- 扫描包 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.ly.controller" /><!-- 视图解析器 prefix视图页面前缀,suffix视图页面后缀--><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">     <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>     <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/></bean>  </beans>

至此，一个简单的基于SpringMvc框架的配置已经完成，SpringMvc需要导入的包，网上有很多。根据个人需要去下载后，导入即可；

下面是一个简单测试例子：

package com.ly.controller;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;@Controller@RequestMapping("/hello")public class HelloController {    @RequestMapping("/index")    public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {        ModelAndView modelView = new ModelAndView();        modelView.addObject("msg","Hello Index");        modelView.setViewName("index");        System.err.println("执行index！");        return modelView;    }    @RequestMapping("/show")    public ModelAndView show(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {        ModelAndView modelView = new ModelAndView();        modelView.addObject("msg","Hello show");        modelView.setViewName("index");        System.err.println("执行show！");        return modelView;    }}

上面代码中，@RequestMapping声明了方法的请求路径，如果类上面有这个注解，同时方法名上面有这个注解，那么访问路径为类上面的+方法名上面的，例子中为/hello/index.do访问index方法，/hello/show.do访问show方法。modelView.addObject("msg","Hello Index")类似setAttribute("msg","Hello Index")；在页面可以直接使用；modelView.setViewName("index")；会根据配置文件中的视图解析器，找到相应的JSP页面。例如本例子中为/WEB-INF/JSP/index.jsp

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