tesseract3.0.2在mac 10.10上的编译 xcode6

一. 编译tesseract的系统环境：

mac系统版本：OS X Yosemite 10.10

Xcode版本：Version 6.2 (6C131e)

iOS SDK：8.0

二. 准备工作：

1、下载源代码

1.tesseract (https://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr/downloads/list)

2.tesseract语言包

3.leptonica(tesseract依赖于它) (http://www.leptonica.com/download.html)

2、新建文件夹 compile_code，讲上面下载的tesseract，leptonica都解压在这里

三. 开始编译：

开发环境配置有很多种，我使用的是MacPort的方式（主要是我第一个接触的就是它，懒得去换了）

1.下载MacPort（http://www.macports.org/install.php）

2.修改/opt/local/etc/macports/sources.conf文件

官网修改方案：http://trac.macports.org/wiki/howto/PortTreeTarball

sudo vim /opt/local/etc/macports/sources.conf

找到：rsync://rsync.macports.org/release/ports/[default]

修改为：https://distfiles.macports.org/ports.tar.gz [default]

打开终端，输入下面的命令，等待更新结束

sudo port –d sync

3.按顺序安装所需要的工具：M4-> autoconf -> automake -> libtool

以M4安装为例：

sudo port install M4

4.进入文件夹compile_code，新建脚本文件build.sh

内容如下：

#!/bin/shGLOBAL_OUTDIR="`pwd`/build"LOCAL_OUTDIR="./outdir"LEPTON_LIB="`pwd`/leptonica-1.72"TESSERACT_LIB="`pwd`/tesseract-ocr"IOS_BASE_SDK="8.0"IOS_DEPLOY_TGT="8.0"# 设置编译器、连接器export CXX=`xcrun -find c++`export CC=`xcrun -find cc`export LD=`xcrun -find ld`export AR=`xcrun -find ar`export AS=`xcrun -find as`export NM=`xcrun -find nm`export RANLIB=`xcrun -find ranlib`# 设置编译器路径、模拟器路径XCODE_DEVELOPER_PATH=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/DeveloperXCODETOOLCHAIN_PATH=$XCODE_DEVELOPER_PATH/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchainSDK_IPHONEOS_PATH=$(xcrun --sdk iphoneos --show-sdk-path)SDK_IPHONESIMULATOR_PATH=$(xcrun --sdk iphonesimulator --show-sdk-path)export PATH="$XCODETOOLCHAIN_PATH/usr/bin:$PATH"declare -a archsarchs=(arm7 arm7s arm64 i386 x86_64)declare -a arch_namearch_names=(arm-apple-darwin7 arm-apple-darwin7s arm-apple-darwin64 i386-apple-darwin x86_64-apple-darwin)# 设置编译参数setenv_all() {    # Add internal libs    export CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$GLOBAL_OUTDIR/include -L$GLOBAL_OUTDIR/lib -Qunused-arguments"    export LDFLAGS="-L$SDKROOT/usr/lib/"    export CPPFLAGS=$CFLAGS    export CXXFLAGS=$CFLAGS}setenv_arm7() {    unset DEVROOT SDKROOT CFLAGS CPP CXXCPP LDFLAGS CPPFLAGS CXXFLAGS    export SDKROOT=$SDK_IPHONEOS_PATH    export CFLAGS="-arch armv7 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -isysroot $SDKROOT -miphoneos-version-min=$IOS_DEPLOY_TGT -I$SDKROOT/usr/include/"    setenv_all}setenv_arm7s() {    unset DEVROOT SDKROOT CFLAGS CPP CXXCPP LDFLAGS CPPFLAGS CXXFLAGS    export SDKROOT=$SDK_IPHONEOS_PATH    export CFLAGS="-arch armv7s -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -isysroot $SDKROOT -miphoneos-version-min=$IOS_DEPLOY_TGT -I$SDKROOT/usr/include/"    setenv_all}setenv_arm64() {    unset DEVROOT SDKROOT CFLAGS CPP CXXCPP LDFLAGS CPPFLAGS CXXFLAGS    export SDKROOT=$SDK_IPHONEOS_PATH    export CFLAGS="-arch arm64 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -isysroot $SDKROOT -miphoneos-version-min=$IOS_DEPLOY_TGT -I$SDKROOT/usr/include/"    setenv_all}setenv_i386() {    unset DEVROOT SDKROOT CFLAGS CPP CXXCPP LDFLAGS CPPFLAGS CXXFLAGS    export SDKROOT=$SDK_IPHONESIMULATOR_PATH    export CFLAGS="-arch i386 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -isysroot $SDKROOT -miphoneos-version-min=$IOS_DEPLOY_TGT"    setenv_all}setenv_x86_64() {    unset DEVROOT SDKROOT CFLAGS CPP CXXCPP LDFLAGS CPPFLAGS CXXFLAGS    export SDKROOT=$SDK_IPHONESIMULATOR_PATH    export CFLAGS="-arch x86_64 -pipe -no-cpp-precomp -isysroot $SDKROOT -miphoneos-version-min=$IOS_DEPLOY_TGT"    setenv_all}# 合并库（用于模拟器与真机同时使用）create_outdir_lipo() {    for file in `find $LOCAL_OUTDIR/i386 -name "lib*.a"`; do    lib_arm7=`echo $file | sed "s/i386/arm7/g"`    lib_arm7s=`echo $file | sed "s/i386/arm7s/g"`    lib_arm64=`echo $file | sed "s/i386/arm64/g"`    lib_x86_64=`echo $file | sed "s/i386/x86_64/g"`    lib_i386=`echo $file`    lib=`echo $file | sed "s/i386//g"`    xcrun -sdk iphoneos lipo -arch armv7s $lib_arm7s -arch armv7 $lib_arm7 -arch arm64 $lib_arm64 -arch i386 $lib_i386 -arch x86_64 $lib_x86_64 -create -output $lib    done}merge_libfiles() {    DIR=$1    LIBNAME=$2    cd $DIR    for i in `find . -name "lib*.a"`; do    $AR -x $i    done    $AR -r $LIBNAME *.o    rm -rf *.o __*    cd -}# 下载源代码#get_leptonica()#{#    curl -C - -O http://www.leptonica.com/source/leptonica-1.68.tar.gz#    tar xzvf leptonica-1.68.tar.gz#}#get_tessreact()#{#    curl -C - -O http://tesseract-ocr.googlecode.com/files/tesseract-3.01.tar.gz#    tar xzvf tesseract-3.01.tar.gz#}######################## 清理工作空间#######################rm -rf $GLOBAL_OUTDIR lib include########################## 下载需要编译的文件########################## 下载leptonica#get_leptonica## 下载tessreact#get_tessreact######################## 进入LEPTONLIB目录#######################cd $LEPTON_LIBrm -rf $LOCAL_OUTDIRfor n in "${!archs[@]}"do    mkdir -p "$LOCAL_OUTDIR/${archs[$n]}"    make clean 2> /dev/null    make distclean 2> /dev/null    eval "setenv_${archs[$n]}"    ./configure --host="${arch_names[$n]}" --enable-shared=no --disable-programs --without-zlib --without-libpng --without-jpeg --without-giflib --without-libtiff    make -j12    cp -rvf src/.libs/lib*.a "$LOCAL_OUTDIR/${archs[$n]}"donecreate_outdir_lipomkdir -p $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/include/leptonica && find ./ -name '*.h' -exec cp {} $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/include/leptonica/  \;mkdir -p $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/lib && cp -rvf $LOCAL_OUTDIR/lib*.a $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/libcd ..######################## 进入TESSERACT目录#######################cd $TESSERACT_LIBrm -rf $LOCAL_OUTDIRfor n in "${!archs[@]}"do    mkdir -p "$LOCAL_OUTDIR/${archs[$n]}"    make clean 2> /dev/null    make distclean 2> /dev/null    eval "setenv_${archs[$n]}"    bash autogen.sh    LIBLEPT_HEADERSDIR=$GLOBAL_OUTDIR/include ./configure --host="${arch_names[$n]}" --enable-shared=no --disable-graphics    make -j12    for i in `find . -name "lib*.a" | grep -v $LOCAL_OUTDIR`    do        cp -rvf $i "$LOCAL_OUTDIR/${archs[$n]}"    done    merge_libfiles "$LOCAL_OUTDIR/${archs[$n]}" libtesseract_all.adonecreate_outdir_lipomkdir -p $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/include/tesseract && find ./ -name '*.h' -exec cp {} $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/include/tesseract/  \;mkdir -p $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/lib && cp -rvf $LOCAL_OUTDIR/lib*.a $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/libmake clean 2> /dev/nullmake distclean 2> /dev/nullcd ..######################## Copying#######################cp -rf $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/include .mkdir -p libcp -rf $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/lib/libtesseract_all.a $GLOBAL_OUTDIR/lib/liblept.a lib/echo "Finished!"

6.为build.sh增加可执行权限：

chmod a+x build.sh

7.终端中运行build.sh

运行结束后会在文件夹compile_code中的lib文件夹中生成两个*.a文件，include文件夹中生成头文件，这两个文件夹引入工程中即可使用该框架了。

四. iOS上的tesseract实现

/* *  tesseract.h(来源网上) */#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface Tesseract : NSObject {    // OCR识别库    NSString* _dataPath;    // 需要识别的语言    NSString* _language;    // tesseract参数    NSMutableDictionary* _variables;}+ (NSString *)version;/** *  设置OCR识别参数 * *  @param dataPath OCR识别库 *  @param language 所选用的语言 */- (id)initWithDataPath:(NSString *)dataPath language:(NSString *)language;- (void)setVariableValue:(NSString *)value forKey:(NSString *)key;/** *  设置识别的图片 * *  @param image 需要识别的图片 */- (void)setImage:(UIImage *)image;/** *  OCR识别语言设置 * *  @param language 需要识别的语言 */- (BOOL)setLanguage:(NSString *)language;- (BOOL)recognize;- (NSString *)recognizedText;@end

/* *  tesseract.mm */#import "Tesseract.h"#import "baseapi.h"#import "environ.h"#import "pix.h"namespace tesseract {    class TessBaseAPI;};@interface Tesseract () {    tesseract::TessBaseAPI* _tesseract;    // 转换为二进制的图片数据    uint32_t* _pixels;}@end@implementation Tesseract/** *  获取版本信息 */+ (NSString *)version {    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%s", tesseract::TessBaseAPI::Version()];}/** *  设置参数 * *  @param dataPath 黑白名单设置 *  @param language 所选用的语言 */- (id)initWithDataPath:(NSString *)dataPath language:(NSString *)language {    self = [super init];    if (self) {        _dataPath = dataPath;        _language = language;        _variables = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];                [self copyDataToDocumentsDirectory];        _tesseract = new tesseract::TessBaseAPI();                BOOL success = [self initEngine];        if (!success) {            return nil;        }    }    return self;}/** *  初始化tesseract识别 */- (BOOL)initEngine {    int returnCode = _tesseract->Init([_dataPath UTF8String], [_language UTF8String]);    return (returnCode == 0) ? YES : NO;}/** *  将识别库拷贝至 Documents 文件夹 */- (void)copyDataToDocumentsDirectory {        // Useful paths    NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];    NSArray *documentPaths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);    NSString *documentPath = ([documentPaths count] > 0) ? [documentPaths objectAtIndex:0] : nil;    NSString *dataPath = [documentPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:_dataPath];        // Copy data in Doc Directory    if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:dataPath]) {        NSString *bundlePath = [[NSBundle bundleForClass:[self class]] bundlePath];        NSString *tessdataPath = [bundlePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:_dataPath];        if (tessdataPath) {            [fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:documentPath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:NULL];            [fileManager copyItemAtPath:tessdataPath toPath:dataPath error:nil];        }    }        setenv("TESSDATA_PREFIX", [[documentPath stringByAppendingString:@"/"] UTF8String], 1);}/** *  设置OCR识别参数 * *  @param value OCR识别参数属性 *  @param key   OCR识别参数键值(参考Tesseract源代码：contrib/dump.config) */- (void)setVariableValue:(NSString *)value forKey:(NSString *)key {    /*     * Example:     * _tesseract->SetVariable("tessedit_char_whitelist", "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");     * _tesseract->SetVariable("language_model_penalty_non_freq_dict_word", "0");     * _tesseract->SetVariable("language_model_penalty_non_dict_word ", "0");     */        [_variables setValue:value forKey:key];    _tesseract->SetVariable([key UTF8String], [value UTF8String]);}/** *  重新设置OCR识别参数 */- (void)loadVariables {    for (NSString* key in _variables) {        NSString* value = [_variables objectForKey:key];        _tesseract->SetVariable([key UTF8String], [value UTF8String]);    }}/** *  设置识别语言 */- (BOOL)setLanguage:(NSString *)language {    _language = language;//    int returnCode = [self initEngine];//    if (returnCode != 0) return NO;        /*     * "WARNING: On changing languages, all Tesseract parameters     * are reset back to their default values."     */    [self loadVariables];    return YES;}/** *  OCR识别 * *  @return 识别是否成功 */- (BOOL)recognize {    int returnCode = _tesseract->Recognize(NULL);    return (returnCode == 0) ? YES : NO;}/** *  OCR识别 * *  @return 识别出来的文本 */- (NSString *)recognizedText {    char* utf8Text = _tesseract->GetUTF8Text();    return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:utf8Text];}/** *  设置识别的图片 * *  @param image 需要识别的图片 */- (void)setImage:(UIImage *)image{    free(_pixels);        CGSize size = [image size];    int width = size.width;    int height = size.height;        if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {        return;    }        _pixels = (uint32_t *) malloc(width * height * sizeof(uint32_t));        // 清空图片缓存数组    memset(_pixels, 0, width * height * sizeof(uint32_t));        // 申请RGA图片缓存    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();        // 申请 _pixels 图片上下文    CGContextRef context = CGBitmapContextCreate(_pixels, width, height, 8, width * sizeof(uint32_t), colorSpace, kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little | kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast);        // 向上下文填充二进制图片数据(该数据会填充到_pixels数组中)    CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), [image CGImage]);        // 释放上下文与颜色空间    CGContextRelease(context);    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);        // 传递图片给 Tesseract 库    _tesseract->SetImage((const unsigned char *) _pixels, width, height, sizeof(uint32_t), width * sizeof(uint32_t));}-(void)dealloc{    // 关闭tesseract    _tesseract->End();}@end

    Tesseract* tesseract = [[Tesseract alloc] initWithDataPath:@"tessdata" language:@"eng"];    self.tesseract = tesseract;    // tesseract参数//    [tesseract setVariableValue:@"textord_words_default_minspace" forKey:@"0.2"];//    [tesseract setVariableValue:@"textord_words_width_ild" forKey:@"0.4"];        // 设置需要识别的图片    UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"Capture2.png"];    UIImage *conImage = image;        // 图像预处理    conImage = [UIImage convertToGrayscale:conImage];    conImage = [conImage sharpen];    conImage = [UIImage grayImage:conImage];    // 显示图片    self.imageView.image = image;    self.conImageView.image = conImage;    [self.tesseract setImage:conImage];    [self.tesseract recognize];        NSLog(@"%@", [self.tesseract recognizedText]);    [self.tesseract setImage:nil];

五. tesseract小结

     网上的一些资料都感觉很古老，很陈旧了，编写这部分代码什么的也弄了2天多的时间。程序现在感觉还是有些问题，但是起码可以识别一些效果比较好的英文了。有时间还会继续研究。个人认为，后续的研究应该就是图像预处理的部分了，有熟悉的大师也可以帮助一下。互勉，共同进步。

网上感觉不错的例子：https://github.com/gali8/Tesseract-OCR-iOS或者http://code4app.com/ios/Tesseract-OCR/533d7ada933bf024048b4c8b

一些简单的图像处理函数：http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=1816900461&uk=218547027（自己网上摘的）

按照网上的说法，tesseract识别的关键点在于字典训练还有图片预处理，因此后续研究方向估计就是图片预处理这部分了。