Android 中使用代码动态网格布局

Android 中使用代码动态网格布局

本文介绍在android中使用代码动态布局，有时候根据不同的需求，比如需要根据服务器上的条目个数来决定app中页面布局控件（显示个数，图标等）。此处介绍通过java代码进行动态布局。

一、效果图：

图片资源随便找的，将就将就吧

二、给出xml文件布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:background="@android:color/white" >    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:orientation="vertical" >        <!-- 此处标题栏可以自定义，因为每一个页面都有标题，返回，等等 -->        <RelativeLayout            android:id="@+id/layout_titlebar"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="48dp"            android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"            android:background="#ed4255" >            <TextView                android:id="@+id/text_title"                style="@style/Text.Title"                android:layout_width="match_parent"                android:layout_height="match_parent"                android:gravity="center"                android:text="业务功能介绍" />        </RelativeLayout>        <!-- 子布局由代码动态生成 -->        <LinearLayout            android:id="@+id/layout_more"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:orientation="vertical"            android:padding="4dp" />    </LinearLayout></ScrollView>

三、子条目xml布局文件

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="84dp"    android:layout_weight="1.0"    android:clickable="true" >    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/image_icon"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"        android:duplicateParentState="true"        android:src="@drawable/ic_department_01_normal" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/text_title"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|bottom"        android:background="@null"        android:layout_marginBottom="6dp"        android:gravity="center"        android:duplicateParentState="true"        android:textColor="@drawable/text_service_color"        android:textSize="14dp" /></FrameLayout>

如图：

四、java代码动态布局

/** * @author gao_chun * */public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{    private ViewGroup mMoreLayout;  //父布局容器(动态加载的资源图片和文字等布局都将添加在其里面)    /* (non-Javadoc)     * @see app.ui.TitleActivity#onCreate(android.os.Bundle)     */    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        initUI();   //保证启动方法的唯一性    }    private void initUI() {        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        //找到该容器（这里的控件为LinearLayout，转换为ViewGroup是因为ViewGroup是容器的基类）        mMoreLayout = (ViewGroup) findViewById(R.id.layout_more);        //由于文字也是动态生成，使用android中array文件定义资源文件，并取出        final String[] categories = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.categories);        final int size = categories.length;     //String[]的长度        final int rowCount = size / 3;          //需要布局的行数(每行三个)        /**         * 动态添加布局方法封装         * 参数 1.父容器    2.资源文字数组  3.从第几个开始   4.行数         */        fillViews(mMoreLayout, categories, 0, rowCount);    }    private void fillViews(ViewGroup layout, String[] categories, int start, int end) {        // 表格第一条线        View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_horizonal, layout);        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {            //找到索引，便于根据索引添加图片文件和文字            final int firstIndex = i * 3;            final int secondIndex = i * 3 + 1;            final int thirdIndex = i * 3 + 2;            final String firstCategory = categories[firstIndex];            final String secondCategory = categories[secondIndex];            final String thirdCategory = categories[thirdIndex];            //这里控制的是加载本地图片，通过应用包命找到 有规则命名的图片资源文件            //--->因为这里有两种效果，一是默认的图片，二是按下触发后的图片和文字            final int firstDrawableNormal = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_normal",                    firstIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName());            final int secondDrawableNormal = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_normal",                    secondIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName());            final int thirdDrawableNormal = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_normal",                    thirdIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName());            final int firstDrawablePressed = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_pressed",                    firstIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName());            final int secondDrawablePressed = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_pressed",                    secondIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName());            final int thirdDrawablePressed = getResources().getIdentifier(String.format("ic_department_%02d_pressed",                    thirdIndex + 1),"drawable",getApplicationContext().getPackageName());            //这里是将上面找到的   默认图片  和  按下时的图片 放入到  StateListDrawable缓存中            final StateListDrawable firstDrawable = new StateListDrawable();            firstDrawable.addState(new int[]{android.R.attr.state_pressed}, getResources().getDrawable(firstDrawablePressed));            firstDrawable.addState(new int[]{}, getResources().getDrawable(firstDrawableNormal));            final StateListDrawable secondDrawable = new StateListDrawable();            secondDrawable.addState(new int[]{android.R.attr.state_pressed}, getResources().getDrawable(secondDrawablePressed));            secondDrawable.addState(new int[]{}, getResources().getDrawable(secondDrawableNormal));            final StateListDrawable thirdDrawable = new StateListDrawable();            thirdDrawable.addState(new int[]{android.R.attr.state_pressed}, getResources().getDrawable(thirdDrawablePressed));            thirdDrawable.addState(new int[]{}, getResources().getDrawable(thirdDrawableNormal));            // 父布局            final LinearLayout linearLayout = new LinearLayout(this);            // 第一个子布局            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout);            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_department, linearLayout);            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout);            // 第二个子布局            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_department, linearLayout);            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout);            // 第三个子布局            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_department, linearLayout);            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_vertical, linearLayout);            LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);            layout.addView(linearLayout, layoutParams);            // 表格最后一条线            View.inflate(this, R.layout.layout_line_horizonal, layout);            //根据索引getChildAt到指定的位置            final View firstView = linearLayout.getChildAt(1);            firstView.setTag(firstCategory);        //设置tag，便于在后面判断点击的哪一个            firstView.setOnClickListener(this);     //设置点击            final TextView firstTextView = (TextView) firstView.findViewById(R.id.text_title);            firstTextView.setText(firstCategory);   //设置文字            final ImageView firstImageView = (ImageView) firstView.findViewById(R.id.image_icon);            firstImageView.setImageDrawable(firstDrawable); //将之前缓存的图片设置出来            final View secondView = linearLayout.getChildAt(3);            secondView.setTag(secondCategory);            secondView.setOnClickListener(this);            final TextView secondTextView = (TextView) secondView.findViewById(R.id.text_title);            secondTextView.setText(secondCategory);            final ImageView secondImageView = (ImageView) secondView.findViewById(R.id.image_icon);            secondImageView.setImageDrawable(secondDrawable);            final View thirdView = linearLayout.getChildAt(5);            thirdView.setTag(thirdCategory);            thirdView.setOnClickListener(this);            final TextView thirdTextView = (TextView) thirdView.findViewById(R.id.text_title);            thirdTextView.setText(thirdCategory);            final ImageView thirdImageView = (ImageView) thirdView.findViewById(R.id.image_icon);            thirdImageView.setImageDrawable(thirdDrawable);        }    }    /* (non-Javadoc)     * @see app.ui.TitleActivity#onClick(android.view.View)     */    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        final Object tag = v.getTag();      //通过之前setTag找到点击位置        if (tag != null) {            String department = (String) tag;            Toast.makeText(this, department, 0).show();        } // else ignored    }}

在onClick事件中通过布局时设置的Tag找出用户点击的是哪一个具体的Layout

注：关于 getResources().getIdentifier 方法可参考：http://blog.csdn.net/gao_chun/article/details/45891383

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