字符串链式实现

1.头文件HString.h

#pragma once#include<iostream.h>#include<assert.h>#include<string.h>#include<stdlib.h>#define SIZE 255typedef struct HString{char *ch;int length;}HString;void Show();   //菜单显示void InitHString(HString *T);//初始化void StrAssign(HString *T, char *str);//初始化字符串void PrintString(HString *T); //显示字符串int Length(HString *S);  //求字符串长度bool StrEmpty(HString *S);//判空bool STrFull(HString *S);//判满void StrCopy(HString *T, HString *S);//复制字符串void DestroyString(HString *S);  //摧毁字符串int StrDelete(HString *T, int pos, int len);  //按位置和长度删除字符串void Replace(HString *T, HString *P, HString *V,int pos);//按位置替换字符串int Index(HString *T, int pos, HString *P);//按位置匹配字符串void StrInsert(HString *D, int pos, HString *T);//按位置插入字符串int SubString(HString *D,HString *S, int pos, int len);//按位置获取字符串void ClearString(HString *S);   //清理字符串int StrCompare(HString *T, HString *S);//比较字符串void StringConcat(HString *T, HString *s1,HString *s2);//链接字符串

2.功能模块HString.cpp

#include"HString.h"void Show(){cout<<"*********************************************"<<endl;cout<<"*[1]:  初始化字符串        [2]:拷贝字符串   *"<<endl;cout<<"*[3]:  比较字符串          [4]:求字符串长度 *"<<endl;cout<<"*[5]:  显示字符串          [6]:清理字符串   *"<<endl;cout<<"*[7]:  链接字符串          [8]:按位置得子串 *"<<endl;cout<<"*[9]:  匹配字符串          [10]:替换字符串  *"<<endl;cout<<"*[11]: 插入字符串          [12]:按位删除    *"<<endl;cout<<"*[13]: 摧毁字符串          [0]:结束程序     *"<<endl;cout<<"*********************************************"<<endl;cout<<"请选择：";}int StrDelete(HString *T, int pos, int len){if((pos+len)>T->length)return -1;char *ret=T->ch;int i=0;while(i<len)//abcdefg{ret[pos+i]=ret[i+pos+len];i++;}return 1;}void StrInsert(HString *D, int pos, HString *T){if(pos<0)return;char *ret=D->ch;for(int i=D->length;i>pos;i--){ret[i+T->length]=ret[i];}while(pos--){ret++;}while(*T->ch!='\0'){*ret++=*T->ch++;}}void Replace(HString *T, HString *P, HString *V,int pos)//按位置替换字符串,用V字符串去替换{int wei=Index(T,pos,P);if(wei==-1){cout<<"没有找到合适的替换位置"<<endl;return;}char *ret=T->ch;while(*V->ch!='\0'){*ret++=*V->ch++;}}int Index(HString *T, int pos, HString *P)//按位置匹配，P是子串T是父串{if(pos+P->length>T->length)return -1;int count=pos;while(count--){T->ch++;}char *ret=T->ch;char *p=P->ch;int t_size=pos;int length=T->length-P->length;while(*p!='\0' && length>=P->length){if(*ret==*p){ret++;p++;}else{p=P->ch;ret=++T->ch;t_size++;length--;}}if(length<P->length)return -1;elsereturn t_size;}int SubString(HString *D,HString *S, int pos, int len){if(pos+len>S->length)return -1;int i=0;while(i++<pos){S->ch++;}char *ret=S->ch;char *t=D->ch;while(len--){*t++=*ret++;}*t='\0';return 1;}void StringConcat(HString *T, HString *s1,HString *s2){if(((s1->length)+(s2->length))>SIZE)return;char *ret=T->ch;while(*s1->ch!='\0'){*ret++=*s1->ch++;}while(*s2->ch!='\0'){*ret++=*s2->ch++;}*ret=*s2->ch;}void DestroyString(HString *S){free(S->ch);S->ch=NULL;S->length=0;}void ClearString(HString *S){*S->ch='\0';S->length=0;}int Length(HString *S){return S->length;}int StrCompare(HString *T, HString *S){while(*T->ch==*S->ch){T->ch++;S->ch++;}if(*T->ch>*S->ch)return 1;else if(*T->ch<*S->ch)return -1;elsereturn 0;}void StrCopy(HString *T, HString *S){if(STrFull(T)){cout<<"空间已满"<<endl;return;}char *p=T->ch;while(*S->ch!='\0'){*p++=*S->ch++;}*p=*S->ch;}void InitHString(HString *T){T->ch=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*SIZE);if(T->ch==NULL){cout<<"开辟内存失败"<<endl;return;}T->length=0;}bool StrEmpty(HString *S){return S->length==0;}bool STrFull(HString *S){return S->length>=SIZE;}void StrAssign(HString *T, char *str){if(STrFull(T)){cout<<"内存已满"<<endl;return;}char *Str=T->ch;while(*str!='\0'){*Str++=*str++;T->length++;}*Str=*str;}void PrintString(HString *T){char *str=T->ch;while(*str!='\0'){cout<<*str;str++;}cout<<endl;}

3.主函数main.cpp

#include"HString.h"void main(){char *str="abcdefg";char *ret="xy";char *p="ggg";HString S;HString TS;HString RS;InitHString(&S);InitHString(&TS);InitHString(&RS);int pos=1;int length=0;while(pos){Show();cin>>pos;switch(pos){case 1:StrAssign(&S,str);StrAssign(&TS,ret);break;case 2:StrCopy(&TS,&S);cout<<"拷贝后的字符串：";PrintString(&TS);break;case 3:pos=StrCompare(&S,&TS);cout<<"比较后的值："<<pos<<endl;break;case 4:cout<<"字符串长度："<<Length(&S)<<endl;break;case 5:PrintString(&S);break;case 6:ClearString(&S);break;case 7:StringConcat(&RS,&S,&TS);cout<<"链接后的字符串："<<RS.ch<<endl;break;case 8:StrAssign(&S,str);cout<<"请输入位置：";cin>>pos;cout<<"输入长度：";cin>>length;pos=SubString(&RS,&S,pos,length);if(pos!=-1)    cout<<"子串："<<RS.ch<<endl;elsecout<<"输入位置和长度不合理"<<endl;break;case 9:StrAssign(&S,str);StrAssign(&TS,ret);cout<<"输入位置：";cin>>pos;pos=Index(&S,pos,&TS);if(pos!=-1)cout<<"在"<<pos<<"位置匹配成功"<<endl;elsecout<<"匹配不成功"<<endl;break;case 10:StrAssign(&S,str);StrAssign(&TS,ret);StrAssign(&RS,p);cout<<"输入位置：";cin>>pos;Replace(&S,&TS,&RS,pos);cout<<S.ch<<endl;break;case 11:StrAssign(&S,str);StrAssign(&TS,ret);cout<<"输入位置：";cin>>pos;StrInsert(&S,pos,&TS);cout<<S.ch<<endl;break;case 12:StrAssign(&S,str);cout<<"请输入位置：";cin>>pos;cout<<"输入长度：";cin>>length;pos=StrDelete(&S,pos,length);if(pos!=-1)cout<<S.ch<<endl;elsecout<<"位置或长度不合适，不能完成删除"<<endl;break;case 13:DestroyString(&S);cout<<"字符串已被摧毁"<<endl;break;//case 0:  exit(-1);default:break;}}}