CAS单点配置出现问题总结

最近在给项目配置单点，虽然是网上类似的教程五花八门，但还是出现各样的问题，现在总结一下，方便以后可以翻着看下，也希望能帮到其他人。

1.tomcat配置https启动出现"No Certificate file specified or invalid file format"异常

后来在网上查找了相关资料，应该和tomcat的版本有光，用tomcat6.0.18就不会报这个错误，用tomcat6.0.33就会出现这个错误。
由于6.0.33版本中默认启用了APR（APR是通过JNI访问的可移植库，可以提高Tomcat的性能和伸缩性），所以采用传统的配置方式（如下）会报异常
解决办法是采用下面的配置

<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol" SSLEnabled="true"         maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"         clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"         keystoreFile="D:/Tomcat6/server.keystore"         keystorePass="changeit" />  

2. keytool错误：java.lang.RuntimeException用法错误，and不是合法的命令
使用keytool命令：keytool -import -keystore %JAVA_HOME%\jre\lib\security\cacerts -file d:\sso\sso.crt -alias ssodemo导入证书出现如下问题

cmd到  C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_51\jre\lib\security因为我的
JAVA_HOME=C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_51
运行如下命令：
keytool -import -alias cacerts -keystore cacerts -file d:/sso/sso.cer -trustcacerts
输入cacerts证书库的密码 changeit，这个是它的默认密码; 这一步最主要的，一般情况下，没有把它说明白，其实这一步就是让cas客户端服务器去理解cas.server.com这台机器所发过来的经过加密的数据（这个涉及到https数据对称加密交互，不多说了，因为说不明白）

这里有个地方要主要。要些证书的结尾是以crt结尾的，要将路径改成d:/sso/sso.crt，不然会报文件找不到的错误。

3.出现“sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target ”

修改java文件里面的“443”为你的cas-server端口

编译：javac InstallCert.java 
运行：java InstallCert 你的cas-server域名

/* * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived *     from this software without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.security.KeyStore;import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.security.cert.CertificateException;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;public class InstallCert {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {String host;int port;char[] passphrase;if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {String[] c = args[0].split(":");host = c[0];port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];passphrase = p.toCharArray();} else {System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");return;}File file = new File("jssecacerts");if (file.isFile() == false) {char SEP = File.separatorChar;File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"+ SEP + "security");file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");if (file.isFile() == false) {file = new File(dir, "cacerts");}}System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());ks.load(in, passphrase);in.close();SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());tmf.init(ks);X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);socket.setSoTimeout(10000);try {System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");socket.startHandshake();socket.close();System.out.println();System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");} catch (SSLException e) {System.out.println();e.printStackTrace(System.out);}X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;if (chain == null) {System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");return;}BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.println();System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");System.out.println();MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {X509Certificate cert = chain[i];System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "+ cert.getSubjectDN());System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));md5.update(cert.getEncoded());System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));System.out.println();}System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");String line = reader.readLine().trim();int k;try {k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;} catch (NumberFormatException e) {System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");return;}X509Certificate cert = chain[k];String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");ks.store(out, passphrase);out.close();System.out.println();System.out.println(cert);System.out.println();System.out.println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"+ alias + "'");}private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);for (int b : bytes) {b &= 0xff;sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);sb.append(' ');}return sb.toString();}private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {private final X509TrustManager tm;private X509Certificate[] chain;SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {this.tm = tm;}public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {throw new UnsupportedOperationException();}public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)throws CertificateException {throw new UnsupportedOperationException();}public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)throws CertificateException {this.chain = chain;tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);}}}

将生成的jssecacerts放到cas-client所用的jdk下的%JAVA_HOME%\jre\lib\security下，注意这里不要放错jdk（假如你电脑安装了多个jdk），要明确使用的是那个jdk。