HLS系统快速部署指南

作者：阿宝
版本：1.0.0
日期：2015-06-10

介绍

在开源环境下，实现HLS直播系统，较为常见的有两种方式，nginx+nginx-rtmp-module 或 SRS，这里采用前者，同时配合ffmpeg来实现。
本文是在 武爱敏博客 的基础上补充完善而成，在此一并表示感谢。goto

环境

系统：CentOS 6.6 x64
软件：
yasm-1.3.0
x264-201506
lame-3.99.5
libogg-1.3.2
libvorbis-1.3.5
libvpx-201506
faad2-2.7
faac-1.28
xvidcore-1.3.2
ffmpeg-201506
nginx-1.8.0
nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7
openssl-0.9.8zf

简易编译安装

为了简化安装的流程，此处提供一个一键安装包 goto，访问密码 00a8
包含：
所有需要安装的软件包（faac的bug已经修复）
一键安装脚本（shell）
测试用配置文件（nginx.conf）

su -unzip HLSEasyInstall.zipcd HLSEasyInstallchmod *.sh./install.sh

编译安装

安装依赖包

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64 git

注：lib-devel 可能找不到，并不影响安装，忽略。

安装FFmpeg及其依赖包

添加 /usr/local/lib 到系统库目录

cat /etc/ld.so.confecho "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.confcat /etc/ld.so.confldconfig

Yasm （Linux 下 NASM 汇编器，支持 x86 和 AMD64）

wget -c http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz -O yasm-1.3.0.tar.gztar zxvf yasm-1.3.0.tar.gzcd yasm-1.3.0./configuremakemake install

x264 （H264 编码器）

git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264#tar xcvf x264.tar.gz x264tar zxvf x264.tar.gzcd x264./configure --enable-shared makemake install

LAME （MP3 编码器）

wget -c http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gztar zxvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gzcd lame-3.99.5./configure --enable-nasmmakemake install

liboog （Ogg 解码器）

wget -c http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.2.tar.gztar zxvf libogg-1.3.2.tar.gzcd libogg-1.3.2./configuremakemake install

libvorbis （音频编码解码库）

wget -c http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.5.tar.gztar zxvf libvorbis-1.3.5.tar.gzcd libvorbis-1.3.5./configuremakemake install

libvpx （VP8/VP9 编码解码器）

git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git#tar xcvf libvpx.tar.gz libvpx#tar zxvf libvpx.tar.gzcd libvpx./configure  --enable-sharedmakemake install

FAAD2 （AAC 解码器）

wget -c http://downloads.sourceforge.net/faac/faad2-2.7.tar.gztar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gzcd faad2-2.7./configuremakemake install

FAAC （AAC 编码器）

wget -c http://downloads.sourceforge.net/faac/faac-1.28.tar.gztar zxvf faac-1.28-bugfix.tar.gzcd faac-1.28./configuremakemake install

【错误处理】编译FAAC-1.28时遇到错误：mpeg4ip.h:126: error: new declaration ‘char* strcasestr(const char*, const char*)’解决方法：从123行开始修改此文件 *./common/mp4v2/mpeg4ip.h*，到129行结束。修改前：#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C" {#endifchar *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);#ifdef __cplusplus}#endif修改后：#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C++" {#endifconst char *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);#ifdef __cplusplus}#endif

Xvid （MPEG-4 视频编码解码器）

wget -c http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gztar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gzcd xvidcore/build/generic./configuremakemake install

FFmpeg （多功能音视频库）

git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpegcd ffmpeg./configure  --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3  --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree  --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreadsmakemake install

添加 /opt/ffmpeg/lib 到系统库目录

cat /etc/ld.so.confecho "/opt/ffmpeg/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.confcat /etc/ld.so.confldconfig

验证 FFmpeg

/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg

Nginx + nginx-rtmp-module （Web 服务器，RTMP服务器）

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel pcre pcre-develwget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gztar xzvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gzwget -c https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/v1.1.7.tar.gz -O nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7.tar.gztar xzvf nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7.tar.gzcd nginx-1.8.0./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=/opt/nginx-rtmp-module-1.1.7makemake install

验证 Nginx

# run nginx/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# web serverwget http://localhost

更换 nginx.conf

#user  nobody;worker_processes  1;#pid        logs/nginx.pid;events {    worker_connections  1024;}rtmp {    server {        listen 1935;        chunk_size 4000;        application live {            live on;        }        # TV mode: one publisher, many subscribers        application mytv {            # enable live streaming            live on;            # record first 1K of stream            record all;            record_path /tmp/av;            record_max_size 1K;            # append current timestamp to each flv            record_unique on;            # publish only from localhost            allow publish 127.0.0.1;            deny publish all;            #allow play all;        }        # Transcoding (ffmpeg needed)        application big {            live on;            # On every pusblished stream run this command (ffmpeg)            # with substitutions: $app/${app}, $name/${name} for application & stream name.            #            # This ffmpeg call receives stream from this application &            # reduces the resolution down to 32x32. The stream is the published to            # 'small' application (see below) under the same name.            #            # ffmpeg can do anything with the stream like video/audio            # transcoding, resizing, altering container/codec params etc            #            # Multiple exec lines can be specified.            exec /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i rtmp://localhost:1935/$app/$name -vcodec flv -acodec copy -s 160x120                        -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/small/${name};        }        application small {            live on;            # Video with reduced resolution comes here from ffmpeg        }        application webcam {            live on;            # Stream from local webcam            exec_static /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 -c:v libx264 -an                               -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/webcam/mystream;        }        application mypush {            live on;            # Every stream published here            # is automatically pushed to            # these two machines            ##push rtmp1.example.com;            ##push rtmp2.example.com:1934;        }        application mypull {            live on;            # Pull all streams from remote machine            # and play locally            ##pull rtmp://rtmp3.example.com pageUrl=www.example.com/index.html;        }        application mystaticpull {            live on;            # Static pull is started at nginx start            ##pull rtmp://rtmp4.example.com pageUrl=www.example.com/index.html name=mystream static;        }        # video on demand        application vod {            play /var/flvs;        }        application vod2 {            play /var/mp4s;        }        # Many publishers, many subscribers        # no checks, no recording        application videochat {            live on;            # The following notifications receive all            # the session variables as well as            # particular call arguments in HTTP POST            # request            # Make HTTP request & use HTTP retcode            # to decide whether to allow publishing            # from this connection or not            on_publish http://localhost:8080/publish;            # Same with playing            on_play http://localhost:8080/play;            # Publish/play end (repeats on disconnect)            on_done http://localhost:8080/done;            # All above mentioned notifications receive            # standard connect() arguments as well as            # play/publish ones. If any arguments are sent            # with GET-style syntax to play & publish            # these are also included.            # Example URL:            #   rtmp://localhost/myapp/mystream?a=b&c=d            # record 10 video keyframes (no audio) every 2 minutes            record keyframes;            record_path /tmp/vc;            record_max_frames 10;            record_interval 2m;            # Async notify about an flv recorded            on_record_done http://localhost:8080/record_done;        }        # HLS        # For HLS to work please create a directory in tmpfs (/tmp/hls here)        # for the fragments. The directory contents is served via HTTP (see        # http{} section in config)        #        # Incoming stream must be in H264/AAC. For iPhones use baseline H264        # profile (see ffmpeg example).        # This example creates RTMP stream from movie ready for HLS:        #        # ffmpeg -loglevel verbose -re -i movie.avi  -vcodec libx264        #    -vprofile baseline -acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -ac 1        #    -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/hls/movie        #        # If you need to transcode live stream use 'exec' feature.        #        application hls {            live on;            hls on;            hls_path /tmp/hls;            hls_fragment 2s;            hls_playlist_length 6s;        }        # MPEG-DASH is similar to HLS        application dash {            live on;            dash on;            dash_path /tmp/dash;        }    }}# HTTP can be used for accessing RTMP statshttp {    server {        listen      80;        # This URL provides RTMP statistics in XML        location /stat {            rtmp_stat all;            # Use this stylesheet to view XML as web page            # in browser            rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;        }        location /stat.xsl {            # XML stylesheet to view RTMP stats.            # Copy stat.xsl wherever you want            # and put the full directory path here            root /path/to/stat.xsl/;        }        location /hls {            # Serve HLS fragments            types {                application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;                video/mp2t ts;            }            root /tmp;            add_header Cache-Control no-cache;        }        location /dash {            # Serve DASH fragments            root /tmp;            add_header Cache-Control no-cache;        }    }}

验证 RTMP
使用标准推流工具 FMLE，推送RTMP流到URL

rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/live/stream

使用 FastPlay 播放RTMP流 goto

Server:rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/liveStream:stream

验证 HLS
使用标准推流工具 FMLE，推送RTMP流到URL

rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/hls/stream

使用 VLC 播放 HLS 流 goto
打开网络串流，URL

http://120.26.109.136/hls/stream.m3u8

验证 FFmpeg
推送流 rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/big/stream
播放流 rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/small/stream
此处使用 FFmpeg 把 big 的视频流的分辨率（建议使用320*240以上分辨率，方便查看效果）转换为 160*120，并重新发布到 small 流
使用标准推流工具 FMLE，推送RTMP流到URL

rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/big/stream

使用 FastPlay 播放RTMP流 goto

Server:rtmp://x.x.x.x:1935/smallStream:stream

参考资料
使用Nginx+FFMPEG搭建HLS直播转码服务器 goto
nginx+nginx-rtmp-module+ffmpeg搭建流媒体服务器 goto
Nginx 的启动、停止、平滑重启、信号控制和平滑升级 goto

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