Spring集成ORM框架之Hibernate的使用
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最近在学习Spring整合ORM框架。在使用Hibernate的时候遇到很多问题，花费了几天时间总算解决了。Hibernate的主要接口是org.hibernate.session，session提供了基本的数据操作功能如更新、插入、删除、加载数据对象的功能。session要通过SessionFactory来打开，关闭及管理。下面来看代码：
1、和之前一样首先通过新建一个maven项目SpringBean_01，它的pom.xml配置如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.csii.spring</groupId> <artifactId>SpringBean_01</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>SpringBean_01</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <springframework.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</springframework.version> </properties> <repositories> <repository> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> <id>central</id> <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name> <url>http://repo2.maven.org/maven2</url> </repository> </repositories> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.0</version></dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectjweaver</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.7.2</version> </dependency> <dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>1.7.0</version></dependency> <dependency><groupId>commons-collections</groupId><artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId><version>3.1</version></dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> <version>1.8.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> <version>1.5.4</version></dependency> <dependency><groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId><artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId><version>1.2.2</version></dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.20</version></dependency> <dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId><version>3.6.10.Final</version></dependency> <dependency><groupId>org.javassist</groupId><artifactId>javassist</artifactId><version>3.18.2-GA</version></dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>7.5.4.v20111024</version> <configuration> <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds> <webApp> <contextPath>/${project.artifactId}</contextPath> </webApp> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <!-- <properties> <springframework.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</springframework.version> </properties> --></project> 2、新建应用上下文applicationContext.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"> <import resource="datasource.xml"/> <import resource="hibernate/hibernate.xml"/> </beans>其中datasource.xml文件如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/dbtest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> <!-- maxActive: 最大连接数量 --> <property name="maxActive" value="20"/> <!-- minIdle: 最小空闲连接 --> <property name="minIdle" value="0"/> <!-- maxIdle: 最大空闲连接 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="2"/> <!-- initialSize: 初始化连接 --> <property name="initialSize" value="10"/> <!-- 连接被泄露时是否打印 --> </bean></beans>hibernate.xml如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <value>hibernate/user.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <!-- <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SpringSessionContext</prop> --> </props> </property> </bean><bean id="hUserDao" class="com.csii.dao.impl.HUserDAOImpl"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property></bean><!-- 配置事务容器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务规则 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="modify*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 定义事务入口 --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="allDaoMethod" expression="execution(* com.csii.dao.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allDaoMethod" /> </aop:config></beans>user.hbm.xml的配置如下：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.csii.entity.User" table="user"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="increment"/> </id> <property name="username" column="username" /> <property name="password" column="password" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping>2、然后我们新建dao类HUserDAO，HUserDAoImpl（备注：因为之前UserDAO，UserDAOImpl已经使用了，为了区分，虽然这不是一个很好地命名方式）。
package com.csii.dao;import com.csii.entity.User;public interface HUserDAO {void addUser(User user);}package com.csii.dao.impl;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import com.csii.dao.HUserDAO;import com.csii.entity.User;public class HUserDAOImpl implements HUserDAO{private SessionFactory sessionFactory;public void addUser(User user) {getInstanceSession().save(user);}public Session getInstanceSession(){return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();}public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {return sessionFactory;}public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;}} 3、新建实体类Userpackage com.csii.entity;public class User {private int id;private String username;private String password;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}@Overridepublic String toString() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn "user{id="+getId()+",username="+getUsername()+",password="+getPassword()+"}";}} 4、然后写一个测试类Test.java就可以测试了package com.csii.spring;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import com.csii.aop.SoccerGame;import com.csii.aopwithparam.MindReader;import com.csii.aopwithparam.Thinker;import com.csii.aopwithparam.Volunteer;import com.csii.dao.HUserDAO;import com.csii.dao.UserDAO;import com.csii.entity.User;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {ApplicationContext ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");User user=new User();user.setUsername("李四");user.setPassword("123456");userDao.addUser(user);*/HUserDAO hUserDao=(HUserDAO)ctx.getBean("hUserDao");User user=new User();user.setUsername("后街男孩");user.setPassword("123456");hUserDao.addUser(user); }}在数据库中新建一个数据库和表，运行之后可看到数据库新增了一条记录。具体新建过程同上一篇博客。 0 0
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