java 后台开发流程

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这篇文章为了奠基一下被我打入冷宫两个月左右的iOS开发，因为之前由于iOS项目停止的原因，被调至后台开发，两个月中也学习到了很多关于java、sql、js、jsp的内容，感谢我的同事悉心指教！

eclipse(编程工具)+navicat(数据库)+zookeeper(服务协调)=开发环境，大致的开发流程如下:

1、数据库建表

2、新建实体类

3、新建Dao并测试Dao，需要配置Mapper(xml)

4、新建Service接口(定义接口)

5、Service接口的实现并测试，需要配置dubbo注册service生产者

6、新建controller，需要配置dubbo注册service消费者

7、前端页面(js、jsp)

8、起服务并调试

1、数据库建表

1）一般在表结构中添加int类型的id作为表的主键，并设置为自增长。

2）需要注意控制好字段的长度、是否可以为null，并注释。

2、新建实体类

package com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.mp;import java.util.Date;import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.Pagination;/** *@Description: 微信关注统计实体类 *@Author:YXQ *@Since:2015年6月16日 */public class WechatBind extends Pagination{private static final long serialVersionUID = 8262554316156565954L;// 主键idprivate int bindId;// 类型 1001:跑男 ,1002:用户private String type;private String typeStr;// 被扫描者编号private String number;// 被扫描者姓名private String name;// 扫描者的微信openidprivate String openId;// 扫描者是否消费 0未消费 1已消费private int haveConsumed;private String haveConsumedStr;// 扫描者姓名private String consumerName;// 扫描者电话private String consumerPhone;// 更新时间@JSONField(format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")private Date createTime;public int getBindId() {return bindId;}public void setBindId(int bindId) {this.bindId = bindId;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}public String getTypeStr() {int i = Integer.valueOf(this.type);if(i == 1001){typeStr = "跑男";}else if(i == 1002){typeStr = "用户";}else{typeStr = "其他";}return typeStr;}public void setTypeStr(String typeStr) {this.typeStr = typeStr;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String number) {this.number = number;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getOpenId() {return openId;}public void setOpenId(String openId) {this.openId = openId;}public Date getCreateTime() {return createTime;}public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {this.createTime = createTime;}public int getHaveConsumed() {return haveConsumed;}public void setHaveConsumed(int haveConsumed) {this.haveConsumed = haveConsumed;}public String getHaveConsumedStr() {if(this.haveConsumed == 0){haveConsumedStr = "暂未消费";}else{haveConsumedStr = "已消费";}return haveConsumedStr;}public void setHaveConsumedStr(String haveConsumedStr) {this.haveConsumedStr = haveConsumedStr;}public String getConsumerName() {return consumerName;}public void setConsumerName(String consumerName) {this.consumerName = consumerName;}public String getConsumerPhone() {return consumerPhone;}public void setConsumerPhone(String consumerPhone) {this.consumerPhone = consumerPhone;}}

1）实体类一般会继承分页基类pagination（自定义的分页基类，传参数时可以用该基类，返回时需要用PaginationEntity，把对象放在items中）

2）生成serialVersionUID（相当于java类的身份证，主要用于版本控制。Java的序列化机制是通过在运行时判断类的serialVersionUID来验证版本一致性，版本升级时反序列化仍保持对象的唯一性。

3）实体类的字段设为私有，只提供开放的get与set方法，这是为了提高实体类的安全性。

4）Date类型的字段，用@JSONField(format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")格式化输出。

3、新建Dao并测试Dao，需要配置Mapper(xml)

package com.clt.wsxc.dao.mp;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.PaginationEntity;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.mp.WechatBind;import com.clt.wsxc.dao.base.BaseDao;/** *@Description: 微信关注统计Dao类 *@Author:YXQ *@Since:2015年6月16日 */@Repositorypublic class WechatBindDao extends BaseDao<WechatBind>{@Overridepublic void insert(WechatBind domain) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void update(WechatBind domain) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void delete(WechatBind domain) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic WechatBind selectOne(WechatBind domain) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn null;}@Overridepublic List<WechatBind> selectList(WechatBind domain) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn getSqlSession().selectList("mp.WechatBindMapper.selectList", domain);}// 查询分页    public PaginationEntity<WechatBind> selectPage(WechatBind domain) {        List<WechatBind> list = selectList(domain);        domain.setIsPaging(true);        int count = getSqlSession().selectOne("mp.WechatBindMapper.selectCount",        domain);        return new PaginationEntity<WechatBind>(count, list, domain);    }}

// Dao

1）Spring注解：@Repository，它用于将数据访问层 (DAO 层 ) 的类标识为 Spring Bean，只需将该注解标注在 DAO类上即可。

2）使用getSqlSession()声明sql语句

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="mp.WechatBindMapper">    <resultMap type="WechatBind" id="WechatBindMap">        <result column="bind_id" property="bindId" />        <result column="type" property="type" />        <result column="number" property="number" />        <result column="openId" property="openId" />        <result column="createTime" property="create_time" />    </resultMap>        <select id="selectList" parameterType="WechatBind" resultType="WechatBind">        select            type,            bindId,            number,            openId,            createTime,            name,            consumerName,            consumerPhone,            userId,            haveConsumed        from(            select                 type,                bindId,                number,                openId,                user.createTime,                name,                consumerName,                consumerPhone,                userId,                haveConsumed        from            (            select            uw.type type,            uw.bind_id bindId,            uw.number number,            uw.openId openId,            uw.create_time createTime,            ri.Runman_Name name,            ui.User_Name consumerName,            ui.User_Phone consumerPhone,            ui.User_Id userId,            oi.Service_Id haveConsumed        from user_wechatbind uw,runman_info ri, user_member um, user_info ui        left join order_info oi         on ui.User_Id = oi.User_Id        where uw.type in (1001, 1002)        and uw.number = ri.Runman_Id        and uw.openId = um.User_UserName        and um.User_Id = ui.User_Id        and um.User_Type = 2          <if test="name != null and name != ''">and ri.Runman_Name like '%${name}%'</if>     ) user     left join order_info oi      on user.userId = oi.User_Id           ) tgroup by bindIdorder by number     </select>        <select id="selectCount" parameterType="WechatBind" resultType="Integer">        SELECT COUNT(*)        FROM user_wechatbind uw        where uw.type = 1001        or uw.type = 1002        <!-- <where>            <if test="name != null and name != ''">                and name like '%${name}%'            </if>        </where> -->    </select>    </mapper>

4、新建Service接口(定义接口)

package com.clt.wsxc.api.mp;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.PaginationEntity;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.mp.WechatBind;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.exception.extend.BizException;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.exception.extend.SystemException;/** *@Description: 微信关注统计接口 *@Author:YXQ *@Since:2015年6月16日 */public interface WechatBindService {// 分页PaginationEntity<WechatBind> WechatBindPagination(WechatBind wechatBind)throws BizException,SystemException;}

1) 关键字为interface,只需申明方法

5、Service接口的实现并测试，需要配置dubbo注册service生产者

package com.clt.wsxc.provider.mp.service;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;import com.clt.wsxc.api.mp.WechatBindService;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.PaginationEntity;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.mp.WechatBind;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.exception.extend.BizException;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.exception.extend.SystemException;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.exception.message.InternalCode;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.exception.message.SystemExceptionMessage;import com.clt.wsxc.dao.mp.WechatBindDao;/** *@Description: 微信关注统计接口实现 *@Author:YXQ *@Since:2015年6月16日 */public class WechatBindServiceImpl implements WechatBindService{// 内部异常编码，package001,java文件020    final String INTERNAL_CODE = "001.020";    private Logger log= LoggerFactory.getLogger (WechatBindServiceImpl.class);        @Autowired    private WechatBindDao wechatBindDao;    @Overridepublic PaginationEntity<WechatBind> WechatBindPagination(WechatBind wechatBind) throws BizException, SystemException {PaginationEntity<WechatBind> equPagination = null;try {            equPagination = wechatBindDao.selectPage (wechatBind);        } catch(DataAccessException e) {            e.printStackTrace();            log.error(e.toString());            throw new SystemException(SystemExceptionMessage.SYSTEM_ERROR, InternalCode.MAN_SERVICE+INTERNAL_CODE+"01", null);        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();            log.error(e.toString());            throw new SystemException(SystemExceptionMessage.SYSTEM_ERROR, InternalCode.MAN_SERVICE+INTERNAL_CODE+"02", null);        }return equPagination;}}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"><bean id="wechatBindService" class="com.clt.wsxc.provider.mp.service.WechatBindServiceImpl"/>    <dubbo:service interface="com.clt.wsxc.api.mp.WechatBindService" ref="wechatBindService" version="1.0.0" loadbalance="${dubbo.service.loadbalance}" timeout="${dubbo.service.timeout}"/></beans>

1）关键字implements，包含申明的接口类

6、新建controller，需要配置dubbo注册service消费者

package com.clt.wsxc.mvc.mp.controller.wechatBind;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import com.clt.wsxc.api.mp.WechatBindService;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.PaginationEntity;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.domain.mp.WechatBind;import com.clt.wsxc.commons.mvc.controller.BaseController;/** *@Description: 微信关注统计控制器 *@Author:YXQ *@Since:2015年6月16日 */@Controller@RequestMapping("/wechatBind")public class WechatBindController extends BaseController{@Autowiredprivate WechatBindService wechatBindService;@ResponseBody@RequestMapping("/page")public PaginationEntity<WechatBind> getParamPage(WechatBind wechatBind) throws Exception {// 排序wechatBind.setSortName("name");return wechatBindService.WechatBindPagination(wechatBind);}}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"><dubbo:application name="dubbo-mp-server" /><dubbo:registry address="${dubbo.registry.address}" check="false" file="false" /><!-- 微信关注统计 -->    <dubbo:reference id="wechatBindService" interface="com.clt.wsxc.api.mp.WechatBindService" version="1.0.0" check="false" /></beans>

1）@controller 注解表示为控制器

2）@RequestMapping 请求路径映射，如果标注在某个controller的类级别上，则表明访问此类路径下的方法都要加上其配置的路径；最常用是标注在方法上，表明哪个具体的方法来接受处理某次请求。

3）继承于BaseController，统一错误日志和异常处理

7、前端页面(js、jsp)

因本人js不是特别拿手，就不多做解释了。

8、起服务并调试

打开本地网址，查看所写页面是否能正常展示。

尝试增删改查等方法（若已实现），查看是否会抛出异常。

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