PyQt按钮右键菜单
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本文原创，转载请注明原地址。
作者：酒醉东坡
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/jiuzuidongpo/article/details/46507403
实现效果如下图：
这篇文字主要写了两方面的内容：
第一是按钮的自定义，第二是右键菜单的使用，不仅是按钮的右键菜单，其他一些控件的右键菜单也可以类似创建和使用。
关于右键菜单则是QMenu的一些使用方法有：
样式表的使用：
self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}" "QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}" "QMenu{border-color:green;}" "QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}" "QMenu::item{height:30px;}" "QMenu::item{color:blue;}" "QMenu::item{background:white;}" "QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}" "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}" "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}" "QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}" "QMenu::separator{height:50px;}" "QMenu::separator{width:1px;}" "QMenu::separator{background:white;}" "QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}" "QMenu#menu{background:white;}" "QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}" "QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}" "QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}" "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}" "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}" "QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}" "QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}" "QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}" "QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}" "QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}" )右键菜单的创建和菜单的信号槽：
def createContextMenu(self): ''''' 创建右键菜单 ''' # 必须将ContextMenuPolicy设置为Qt.CustomContextMenu # 否则无法使用customContextMenuRequested信号 self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu) self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu) # 创建QMenu self.contextMenu = QMenu(self) self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A') self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B') self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C') #添加二级菜单 self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二级菜单") self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A') self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B') self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C') # 将动作与处理函数相关联 # 这里为了简单，将所有action与同一个处理函数相关联， # 当然也可以将他们分别与不同函数关联，实现不同的功能 self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 菜单的显示位置：
self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠标位置显示
下面是一个demo包括了按钮的自定义，右键菜单的创建和使用，包括两个文件，图片可以随便找一个，不要过大或者过小就行：
mybutton.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from PyQt4.QtCore import Qt, QRectfrom PyQt4.QtGui import QPushButton, QPainter, QPainterPath, QPen, QColor, QPixmap, QIcon, QBrush, QCursor,QMenuclass MenuButton(QPushButton): def __init__(self,parent = None): super(MenuButton,self).__init__(parent) self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}" "QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}" "QMenu{border-color:green;}" "QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}" "QMenu::item{height:30px;}" "QMenu::item{color:blue;}" "QMenu::item{background:white;}" "QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}" "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}" "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}" "QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}" "QMenu::separator{height:50px;}" "QMenu::separator{width:1px;}" "QMenu::separator{background:white;}" "QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}" "QMenu#menu{background:white;}" "QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}" "QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}" "QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}" "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}" "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}" "QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}" "QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}" "QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}" "QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}" "QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}" ) self.hovered = False self.pressed = False self.pressedIcon = QIcon() self.color = QColor(Qt.gray) self.opacity = 1.0 self.count = 0# self.setAutoFillBackground(True)# self.setStyleSheet("#Check {background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);}"); self.createContextMenu() self.count = 0 def createContextMenu(self): ''''' 创建右键菜单 ''' # 必须将ContextMenuPolicy设置为Qt.CustomContextMenu # 否则无法使用customContextMenuRequested信号 self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu) self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu) # 创建QMenu self.contextMenu = QMenu(self) self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A') self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B') self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C') #添加二级菜单 self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二级菜单") self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A') self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B') self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C') # 将动作与处理函数相关联 # 这里为了简单，将所有action与同一个处理函数相关联， # 当然也可以将他们分别与不同函数关联，实现不同的功能 self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) def showContextMenu(self, pos): ''''' 右键点击时调用的函数 ''' self.count+=1 # 菜单显示前，将它移动到鼠标点击的位置 self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠标位置显示 #self.contextMenu.show() print self.count def actionHandler(self): ''''' 菜单中的具体action调用的函数 ''' if self.count%3==1: self.setText(u"first") elif self.count%3==2: self.setText(u"second") elif self.count%3==0: self.setText(u"third") def setEnterCursorType(self, Type): self.cursorType = Type def setColor(self,color): self.color = color def setOpacitys(self,opacity): self.opacity = opacity# self.setOpacity(0.5) def enterEvent(self,event): self.hovered = True self.repaint() QPushButton.enterEvent(self,event) def leaveEvent(self,event): self.hovered = False self.repaint() self.setCursor(QCursor(Qt.ArrowCursor)) QPushButton.leaveEvent(self,event) def mousePressEvent(self, event): self.pressed = True self.repaint() QPushButton.mousePressEvent(self,event) def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event): self.pressed = False self.repaint() QPushButton.mouseReleaseEvent(self,event) def paintEvent(self,event): painter = QPainter(self) btnRect = self.geometry() iconRect = self.iconSize() color = QColor(Qt.black) if self.hovered: color = self.color if self.pressed: color = self.color.darker(120) painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.lightGray),2)) outline = QPainterPath() outline.addRoundedRect(0, 0, btnRect.width(), btnRect.height(), 0, 0) painter.setOpacity(1) painter.drawPath(outline) painter.setBrush(QBrush(color)) painter.setOpacity(self.opacity) painter_path = QPainterPath() painter_path.addRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0) if self.hovered: painter.setClipPath(painter_path) painter.drawRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0) painter.setOpacity(1) iconPos,textPos = self.calIconTextPos(btnRect, iconRect) # 重画文本 if not self.text().isNull(): painter.setFont(self.font()) painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.black),2)) painter.drawText(textPos.x(), textPos.y(), textPos.width(), textPos.height(), Qt.AlignCenter, self.text()) # 重画图标 if not self.icon().isNull(): painter.drawPixmap(iconPos, QPixmap(self.icon().pixmap(self.iconSize()))) # 计算图标和文本大小位置 def calIconTextPos(self,btnSize,iconSize): if self.text().isNull(): iconWidth = iconSize.width()*3/5 iconHeight = iconSize.height()*3/5 else: iconWidth = iconSize.width() iconHeight = iconSize.height() - 50 iconX = (btnSize.width()-iconWidth)/2 iconY = (btnSize.height()-iconHeight)/2 iconPos = QRect() iconPos.setX(iconX) iconPos.setY(iconY) iconPos.setWidth(iconWidth) iconPos.setHeight(iconHeight) textPos = QRect() if not self.text().isNull(): textPos.setX(iconX) textPos.setY(btnSize.height()- 50) textPos.setWidth(iconWidth) textPos.setHeight(50) return (iconPos,textPos)buttontest.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from mybutton import MenuButtonimport sysfrom PyQt4.QtCore import QTextCodec, QSize, SIGNALfrom PyQt4.QtGui import QDialog, QIcon, QHBoxLayout, QApplicationQTextCodec.setCodecForTr(QTextCodec.codecForName("utf8"))class TestDialog(QDialog): def __init__(self,parent=None): super(TestDialog,self).__init__(parent) self.setFixedSize(200,200) self.firMybutton = MenuButton() self.firMybutton.setFixedSize(QSize(100,100)) self.firMybutton.setIcon(QIcon("windows.png")) self.firMybutton.setIconSize(QSize(100,100)) #self.firMybutton.setText(self.tr("确萨")) self.connect(self.firMybutton, SIGNAL("clicked()"),self.cancel) myLayout = QHBoxLayout() myLayout.addWidget(self.firMybutton) self.setLayout(myLayout) def cancel(self): self.close() app=QApplication(sys.argv)dialog=TestDialog()dialog.show()app.exec_() 1 0
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