top命令使用

Linux 系统中语法

 top help
        top: procps version 3.2.7
usage:  top -hv | -bcisSH -d delay -n iterations [-u user | -U user] -p pid [,pid ...]

 

HP-UX系统中语法

man help:
 
top(1)                                                               top(1)

 NAME
      top - display and update information about the top processes on the system

 SYNOPSIS
      top [-s time] [-d count] [-q] [-u] [-w] [-h] [-P] [-n number]
           [-f filename] [-p pset_id]

 DESCRIPTION
      top displays the top processes on the system and periodically updates
      the information.  Raw CPU percentage is used to rank the processes.
      On a PA-RISC, hard-partitionable platform, top issues a warning that
      it reports only for the current partition and it has to be run on
      other partitions if their status is required.

    Options
      top recognizes the following command-line options:

           -s time     Set the delay between screen updates to time seconds.
                       The default delay between updates is 5 seconds.

           -d count    Show only count displays, then exit.  A display is
                       considered to be one update of the screen.  This
                       option is used to select the number of displays to be
                       shown before the program exits.

           -q          This option runs the top program at the same priority
                       as if it is executed via a nice -20 command so that
                       it will execute faster (see nice(1)).  This can be
                       very useful in discovering any system problem when
                       the system is very sluggish.  This option is
                       accessible only to users who have appropriate
                       privileges.

           -u          User ID (uid) numbers are displayed instead of
                       usernames.  This improves execution speed by
                       eliminating the additional time required to map uid
                       numbers to user names.

           -h          Hides the individual CPU state information for
                       systems having multiple processors.  Only the average
                       CPU status will be displayed.

           -n number   Show only number processes per screen.  Note that, if
                       number is greater than the maximum number of
                       processes that can be displayed per screen, this
                       option is ignored.  But when used with -f option,
                       there is no limit on the maximum number of processes
                       that can be displayed.

           -f filename Output is appended to filename.  When -f is used, top
                       defaults to 1 for -d and 16 for -n.

           -p pset_id  Show load averages and process state break down for
                       system and processor set pset_id.  Show only the
                       processes running on the processor set pset_id.  This
                       option is supported only if the kernel supports
                       processor sets functionality.

           -P          Adds column PSET before column CPU for individual CPU
                       information.  Adds columns PSET before column CPU for
                       each process information.  This option is supported
                       only if the kernel supports processor sets
                       functionality.

           -w          Show individual CPU information.  By default, top
                       does not display any individual CPU information.  The
                       user can toggle between individual process
                       information and individual CPU information by using
                       the w screen-control key.  When used with the -h
                       option, the -w option overrides the -h option.

    Screen-Control Commands
      When displaying multiple-screen data, top recognizes the following
      keyboard screen-control commands:

           j           Display next screen if the current screen is not the
                       last screen.

           k           Display previous screen if the current screen is not
                       the first screen.

           t           Display the first (top) screen.

           w           Display individual CPU information in place of
                       individual process information and vice versa.

    Program Termination
      To exit the program and resume normal user activities, type q at any
      time.

    Display Description
      Three general classes of information are displayed by top:

           System Data
                The first few lines at the top of the display show general
                information about the state of the system, including:

                     +  System name and current time.

                     +  Load averages in the last one, five, and fifteen
                        minutes of all the active processors in the system.

                     +  Number of existing processes and the number of
                        processes in each state (sleeping, waiting, running,
                        starting, zombie, and stopped).

                     +  Percentage of time spent in each of the processor
                        states (user, nice, system, idle, interrupt and
                        swapper) per active processor on the system.

                     +  Average value for each of the active processor
                        states (only on multi-processor systems).

           Memory Data
                Includes virtual and real memory in use (with the amount of
                memory considered "active" in parentheses) and the amount of
                free memory.

           Process Data
                Information about individual processes on the system.  When
                process data cannot fit on a single screen, top divides the
                data into two or more screens.  To view multiple-screen
                data, use the j, k, and t commands described previously.
                Note that the system- and memory-data displays are present
                in each screen of multiple-screen process data.

                Process data is displayed in a format similar to that used
                by ps(1):

                     CPU         Processor number on which the process is
                                 executing (only on multi-processor
                                 systems).

                     TTY         Terminal interface used by the process.

                     PID         Process ID number.

                     PSET        ID of the processor set to which the
                                 processor belongs.  This is shown only when
                                 -P option is used.

                     USERNAME    Name of the owner of the process.  When the
                                 -u option is specified, the user ID (uid)
                                 is displayed instead of USERNAME.

                     PRI         Current priority of the process.

                     NI          Nice value ranging from -20 to +20.

                     SIZE        Total virtual size of the process in
                                 kilobytes.  This includes virtual sizes of
                                 text, data, stack, mmap regions, shared
                                 memory regions and IO mapped regions.  This
                                 may also include virtual memory regions
                                 shared with other processes.

                     RES         Resident size of the process in kilobytes.
                                 It includes the sizes of all private
                                 regions in the process.  The resident size
                                 information is, at best, an approximate
                                 value.

                     STATE       Current state of the process.  The various
                                 states are sleep, wait, run, idl, zomb, or
                                 stop.

                     TIME        Number of system and CPU seconds the
                                 process has consumed.

                     %WCPU       Weighted CPU (central processing unit)
                                 percentage.

                     %CPU        Raw CPU percentage.  This field is used to
                                 sort the top processes.

                     COMMAND     Name of the command the process is
                                 currently running.

 EXAMPLES
      top can be executed with or without command-line options.

      To display five screens of data at two-second intervals then
      automatically exit, use:

           top -s2 -d5

           top -P -s2 -d5

      To display information about pset 2, use:

           top -p 2

           top -P -p 2

      To display individual CPU information in place of individual process
      information, use:

           top -w

           and press the w key.

 AUTHOR
      top was developed by HP and William LeFebvre of Rice University.

 Hewlett-Packard Company            - 5 -      HP-UX 11i Version 2: Sep 2004