uva--10163(dp,01背包,双肩包)
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10163 Storage Keepers
Randy Company has N (1 N 100) storages. Company wants some men to keep them safe. Now
there are M (1 M 30) men asking for the job. Company will choose several from them. Randy
Company employs men following these rules:
1. Each keeper has a number Pi (1 Pi 1000) , which stands for their ability.
2. All storages are the same as each other.
3. A storage can only be lookd after by one keeper. But a keeper can look after several storages. If a
keeper’s ability number is Pi
, and he looks after K storages, each storage that he looks after has
a safe number Uj = Pi K.(Note: Uj, Pi and K are all integers). The storage which is looked
after by nobody will get a number 0.
4. If all the storages is at least given to a man, company will get a safe line L = minUj
5. Every month Randy Company will give each employed keeper a wage according to his ability
number. That means, if a keeper’s ability number is Pi
, he will get Pi dollars every month. The
total money company will pay the keepers every month is Y dollars.
Now Randy Company gives you a list that contains all information about N, M, P, your task is give
company a best choice of the keepers to make the company pay the least money under the condition
that the safe line L is the highest.
Input
The input file contains several scenarios. Each of them consists of 2 lines:
The first line consists of two numbers (N and M), the second line consists of M numbers, meaning
Pi (i = 1::M). There is only one space between two border numbers.
The input file is ended with N = 0 and M = 0.
Output
For each scenario, print a line containing two numbers L(max) and Y (min). There should be a space
between them.
Sample Input
2 1
7
1 2
10 9
2 5
10 8 6 4 1
5 4
1 1 1 1
0 0
想到了分成两个子问题,先找出最大的安全值L,再去确定达到L所需要的最小花费,一般既满足什么又得怎么样的时候都得分成两个子问题才行,以前也有个题,说什么长度不小于多少的最大子串和,当时也是分成两个子问题来的,先找最大子串和,然后再DP一次保证长度大于多少,扯远了……但是自己也想到了是背包,可是开始自己胡乱定义状态,明明都想到了背包这种经典模型,为何不直接套用方程呢,自己定义的状态乱七八糟根本不对。
求这两个子问题的时候都用到了01背包,看网上的名字也很可爱,叫双肩包~
求解L:
dp[j]=max( min(dp[j-k],man[i]/k , dp[j]); 选和不选两种情况,k是这个人选择的保护的个数,我现在只能先写成二维的再改成滚动数组,要不不知怎的现在还是一下子没法写出来。
求解花费:
dp[j]=min( dp[j-k]+man[i] , dp[j] ) ; k的范围就是man[i]/safe了,这样既满足了第一个条件,又能求出最小的花费。
自己写动归边界问题总是处理不好一直做不对,以后得多加注意。。。啊。这样说估计也没什么用,还得多思考。
代码:
#include<iostream>#include<cstring>#include<cstdio>#include<map>#include<cstring>#include<vector>#include<algorithm>#define INF 0X3f3f3f3f#define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))using namespace std;typedef long long ll;typedef unsigned long long llu;const int maxd=30+5;const int maxn=100+5;//==========================int man[maxd];int n,m;bool cmp(int a,int b){ return a>b;}int get_L(){ int dp[maxn]; mem(dp,0); dp[0]=INF; for(int i=1; i<=m; ++i) for(int j=n; j>=0; --j) for(int k=1; k<=j && man[i]>=k; ++k) dp[j]=max( min(dp[j-k],man[i]/k) , dp[j] ); return dp[n];}int get_w(int safe){ if(safe==0) return 0; int dp[maxn]; mem(dp,INF); dp[0]=0; for(int i=1; i<=m; ++i) for(int j=n; j>0; --j) { int cnt=man[i]/safe; for(int k=min(j,cnt); k>0; --k) { dp[j]=min(dp[j-k]+man[i],dp[j]); } } return dp[n];}int main(){ freopen("1.txt","r",stdin); while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)==2 ) { if(n==0 && m==0) break; for(int i=1; i<=m; ++i) scanf("%d",&man[i]); sort(man+1,man+m+1,cmp); int L=get_L(); printf("%d %d\n",L,get_w(L)); } return 0;}
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