VC中字符处理
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- /*TCHAR;
- LPTSTR;
- LPCTSTR;*/
- TCHAR szBuf1[100]={0};
- TCHAR szBuf2[100]={0};
- //获得字符串长度
- //SIZE_T nLen=strlen(szBuf1);
- SIZE_T nLen=_tcslen(szBuf1); //如果在UNICODE下,"中国"此函数返回2,所以如果要得到其字节数,要*sizeof(TCHAR)
- //拼接字符串
- //strcat(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- _tcscat_s(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- //拼接n个字符串
- //strcat(szBuf1,szBuf2,10);
- _tcsncat_s(szBuf1,szBuf2,10);
- //获得输入
- //gets(szBuf1);
- _getts_s(szBuf1);
- //数字转换为字符
- int n=100;
- //itoa(n,szBuf1,10);
- _itot_s(n,szBuf1,10);
- //字符转换为数字
- int a=_tstoi(szBuf1);
- double f=_tstof(szBuf1);
- //格式化字符串
- //sprintf(szBuf1,"%s%d","123",123);
- _stprintf_s(szBuf1,100,_T("%s%d"),_T("123"),123);
- //查找字符出现的位置
- //strchr(szBuf1,'A');
- _tcschr(szBuf1,'A');
- //比较两个字符串
- //strcmp(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- _tcscmp(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- //根据语言集比较字符串
- //strcoll(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- _tcscoll(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- //字符拷贝
- //strcpy(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- _tcscpy_s(szBuf1,szBuf2);
- //将时间格式化到字符串
- time_t tm;
- //ctime(&tm);
- _tctime_s(szBuf1,100,&tm);
- //打印字符串
- //printf("123");
- _tprintf_s(_T("123\r\n"));
- //通过参数列表格式化字符串
- //vsprintf(szBuf1,"%s%d",p);
- _vstprintf_s(szBuf1,100,_T("%s%d"),p);
- //查找字串,返回值为找到的字串的指针,如果找不到,则返回NULL
- //strstr(str1,strFind);
- _tcsstr(str1,strFind);
- //输出字符
- //printf("------------");
- _tprintf_s(_T("-------------\r\n"));
UNICODE下写文件要在文件头写入0xFEFF,表示打开方式为UNICODE,这样不会产生乱码
1:Unicode一般指UTF-16,占两个字节
2:UTF-8有些字符占1个字节,有些2个字节,有些3个字节,有些4个字节;UTF-32全都4个字节
3:char c='A';char szBuf[100]="string";
4:c/c++编译器定义了wchar_t类型,占2个字节wchar_t c=L'A';wchar_t szBuf[100]=L"string";
5:windows定义了//1字节typedef char CHAR;typedef CHAR* PCHAR;typedef CHAR* PSTR;typedef CONST CHAR* PCSTR;//2字节typedef wchar_t WCHAR;typedef WCHAR* PWCHAR;typedef WCHAR* PWSTR;typedef CONST WCHAR* PCWSTR;
6:兼容字符处理字符TCHAR;指针PTCHAR,PTSTR;const指针PCTSTR;使用方式为:TCHAR c=TEXT('A');TCHAR szBuf[100]=TEXT("string");
7:Windows内部用Unicode,如果传入ANSI字符串,会进行一次转换,这回带来性能开销
8:API函数中,后缀W代表wide,也就是Unicode,后缀A代表ANSI
9:C运行库strlen对应wcslen,两者兼容版本是_tcslen
10:strcpy对应wcscpy,者兼容版本是_tcscpy
11安全字符串函数,在每个者兼容版本是后面加_s,如_tcscpy_s
- #include "stdafx.h"
- #include "Windows.h"
- #include "StrSafe.h"
- #include "stdlib.h"
- int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
- {
- TCHAR szDes[3]=TEXT("");
- TCHAR szRes[4]=TEXT("123");
- _tcscpy_s(szDes,_countof(szDes),szRes);
- return 0;
- }
_s函数会返回S_OK表示调用成功,但在返回失败之前,如果调用错误,会弹出对话框
检查错误的时候,Debug版会显示错误对话框,Release版本会直接终止程序
可以添加一个函数定义产生错误的回调
调用函数_set_invalid_parameter_handler注册自定义函数,自定义函数原型参考InvalidParamenterHandler();
如果要禁止对话框的出现,在程序开头定义_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ASSERT,0);
void *memchr( const void *buffer, int ch, size_t count );
功能:函数在buffer指向的数组的count个字符的字符串里查找ch 首次出现的位置。返回一个指针,指向ch 在字符串中首次出现的位置, 如果ch 没有在字符串中找到,返回NULL。
int memcmp( const void *buffer1, const void *buffer2, size_t count );
功能:函数比较buffer1 和 buffer2的前count 个字符。
void *memcpy( void *to, const void *from, size_t count );
功能:函数从from中复制count 个字符到to中,并返回to指针。 如果to 和 from 重叠,则函数行为不确定。
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/tsbaswba(VS.80).aspx
_cgetts
_cgets
_cgets
_cgetws
_cgetts_s
_cgets_s
_cgets_s
_cgetws_s
_cputts
_cputs
_cputs
_cputws
_fgettc
fgetc
fgetc
fgetwc
_fgettchar
_fgetchar
_fgetchar
_fgetwchar
_fgetts
fgets
fgets
fgetws
_fputtc
fputc
fputc
fputwc
_fputtchar
_fputchar
_fputchar
_fputwchar
_fputts
fputs
fputs
fputws
_ftprintf
fprintf
fprintf
fwprintf
_ftprintf_s
fprintf_s
fprintf_s
fwprintf_s
_ftscanf
fscanf
fscanf
fwscanf
_ftscanf_s
fscanf_s
fscanf_s
fwscanf_s
_gettc
getc
getc
getwc
_gettch
_getch
_getch
_getwch
_gettchar
getchar
getchar
getwchar
_gettche
_getche
_getche
_getwche
_getts
gets
gets
getws
_getts_s
gets_s
gets_s
getws_s
_istalnum
isalnum
_ismbcalnum
iswalnum
_istalpha
isalpha
_ismbcalpha
iswalpha
_istascii
isascii
isascii
iswascii
_istcntrl
iscntrl
iscntrl
iswcntrl
_istdigit
isdigit
_ismbcdigit
iswdigit
_istgraph
isgraph
_ismbcgraph
iswgraph
_istlead
Always returns false
_ismbblead
Always returns false
_istleadbyte
Always returns false
isleadbyte
Always returns false
_istlegal
Always returns true
_ismbclegal
Always returns true
_istlower
islower
_ismbclower
iswlower
_istprint
isprint
_ismbcprint
iswprint
_istpunct
ispunct
_ismbcpunct
iswpunct
_istspace
isspace
_ismbcspace
iswspace
_istupper
isupper
_ismbcupper
iswupper
_istxdigit
isxdigit
isxdigit
iswxdigit
_itot
_itoa
_itoa
_itow
_itot_s
_itoa_s
_itoa_s
_itow_s
_ltot
_ltoa
_ltoa
_ltow
_ltot_s
_ltoa_s
_ltoa_s
_ltow_s
_puttc
putc
putc
putwc
_puttch
_putch
_putch
_putwch
_puttchar
putchar
putchar
putwchar
_putts
puts
puts
_putws
_sctprintf
_scprintf
_scprintf
_scwprintf
_sntprintf
_snprintf
_snprintf
_snwprintf
_sntprintf_s
_snprintf_s
_snprintf_s
_snwprintf_s
_sntscanf
_snscanf
_snscanf
_snwscanf
_sntscanf_s
_snscanf_s
_snscanf_s
_snwscanf_s
_stprintf
sprintf
sprintf
swprintf
_stprintf_s
sprintf_s
sprintf_s
swprintf_s
_stscanf
sscanf
sscanf
swscanf
_stscanf_s
sscanf_s
sscanf_s
swscanf_s
_taccess
_access
_access
_waccess
_taccess_s
_access_s
_access_s
_waccess_s
_tasctime
asctime
asctime
_wasctime
_tasctime_s
asctime_s
asctime_s
_wasctime_s
_tccmp
Maps to macro or inline function
_mbsncmp
Maps to macro or inline function
_tccpy
Maps to macro or inline function
_mbccpy
Maps to macro or inline function
_tccpy_s
strcpy_s
_mbccpy_s
wcscpy_s
_tchdir
_chdir
_chdir
_wchdir
_tclen
Maps to macro or inline function
_mbclen
Maps to macro or inline function
_tchmod
_chmod
_chmod
_wchmod
_tcprintf
_cprintf
_cprintf
_cwprintf
_tcprintf_s
_cprintf_s
_cprintf_s
_cwprintf_s
_tcreat
_creat
_creat
_wcreat
_tcscanf
_cscanf
_cscanf
_cwscanf
_tcscanf_s
_cscanf_s
_cscanf_s
_cwscanf_s
_tcscat
strcat
_mbscat
wcscat
_tcscat_s
strcat_s
_mbscat_s
wcscat_s
_tcschr
strchr
_mbschr
wcschr
_tcsclen
strlen
_mbslen
wcslen
_tcsclen_s
strlen_s
_mbslen_s
wcslen_s
_tcscmp
strcmp
_mbscmp
wcscmp
_tcscoll
strcoll
_mbscoll
wcscoll
_tcscpy
strcpy
_mbscpy
wcscpy
_tcscpy_s
strcpy_s
_mbscpy_s
wcscpy_s
_tcscspn
strcspn
_mbscspn
wcscspn
_tcsdec
_strdec
_mbsdec
_wcsdec
_tcsdup
_strdup
_mbsdup
_wcsdup
_tcserror
strerror
strerror
_wcserror
_tcserror_s
strerror_s
strerror_s
_wcserror_s
_tcsftime
strftime
strftime
wcsftime
_tcsicmp
_stricmp
_mbsicmp
_wcsicmp
_tcsicoll
_stricoll
_mbsicoll
_wcsicoll
_tcsinc
_strinc
_mbsinc
_wcsinc
_tcslen
strlen
strlen
wcslen
_tcslen_s
strlen_s
strlen_s
wcslen_s
_tcslwr
_strlwr
_mbslwr
_wcslwr
_tcslwr_s
_strlwr_s
_mbslwr_s
_wcslwr_s
_tcsnbcnt
_strncnt
_mbsnbcnt
_wcsncnt
_tcsncat
strncat
_mbsnbcat
wcsncat
_tcsncat_s
strncat_s
_mbsnbcat_s
wcsncat_s
_tcsnccat
strncat
_mbsncat
wcsncat
_tcsnccmp
strncmp
_mbsncmp
wcsncmp
_tcsnccmp_s
strncmp_s
_mbsncmp_s
wcsncmp_s
_tcsnccoll
_strncoll
_mbsncoll
_wcsncoll
_tcsncmp
strncmp
_mbsnbcmp
wcsncmp
_tcsnccnt
_strncnt
_mbsnccnt
_wcsncnt
_tcsnccpy
strncpy
_mbsncpy
wcsncpy
_tcsnccpy_s
strncpy_s
_mbsncpy_s
wcsncpy_s
_tcsncicmp
_strnicmp
_mbsnicmp
_wcsnicmp
_tcsncicoll
_strnicoll
_mbsnicoll
_wcsnicoll
_tcsncpy
strncpy
_mbsnbcpy
wcsncpy
_tcsncpy_s
strncpy_s
_mbsnbcpy_s
wcsncpy_s
_tcsncset
_strnset
_mbsnset
_wcsnset
_tcsnextc
_strnextc
_mbsnextc
_wcsnextc
_tcsnicmp
_strnicmp
_mbsnbicmp
_wcsnicmp
_tcsnicoll
_strnicoll
_mbsnbicoll
_wcsnicoll
_tcsninc
_strninc
_mbsninc
_wcsninc
_tcsnccnt
_strncnt
_mbsnccnt
_wcsncnt
_tcsnset
_strnset
_mbsnbset
_wcsnset
_tcspbrk
strpbrk
_mbspbrk
wcspbrk
_tcsspnp
_strspnp
_mbsspnp
_wcsspnp
_tcsrchr
strrchr
_mbsrchr
wcsrchr
_tcsrev
_strrev
_mbsrev
_wcsrev
_tcsset
_strset
_mbsset
_wcsset
_tcsspn
strspn
_mbsspn
wcsspn
_tcsstr
strstr
_mbsstr
wcsstr
_tcstod
strtod
strtod
wcstod
_tcstoi64
_strtoi64
_strtoi64
_wcstoi64
_tcstok
strtok
_mbstok
wcstok
_tcstok_s
strtok_s
_mbstok_s
wcstok_s
_tcstol
strtol
strtol
wcstol
_tcstoui64
_strtoui64
_strtoui64
_wcstoui64
_tcstoul
strtoul
strtoul
wcstoul
_tcsupr
_strupr
_mbsupr
_wcsupr
_tcsupr_s
_strupr_s
_mbsupr_s
_wcsupr_s
_tcsxfrm
strxfrm
strxfrm
wcsxfrm
_tctime
ctime
ctime
_wctime
_tctime_s
ctime_s
ctime_s
_wctime_s
_tctime32
_ctime32
_ctime32
_wctime32
_tctime32_s
_ctime32_s
_ctime32_s
_wctime32_s
_tctime64
_ctime64
_ctime64
_wctime64
_tctime64_s
_ctime64_s
_ctime64_s
_wctime64_s
_texecl
_execl
_execl
_wexecl
_texecle
_execle
_execle
_wexecle
_texeclp
_execlp
_execlp
_wexeclp
_texeclpe
_execlpe
_execlpe
_wexeclpe
_texecv
_execv
_execv
_wexecv
_texecve
_execve
_execve
_wexecve
_texecvp
_execvp
_execvp
_wexecvp
_texecvpe
_execvpe
_execvpe
_wexecvpe
_tfdopen
_fdopen
_fdopen
_wfdopen
_tfindfirst
_findfirst
_findfirst
_wfindfirst
_tfindnext
_findnext
_findnext
_wfindnext
_tfindnext32
_findnext32
_findnext32
_wfindnext32
_tfindnext64
_findnext64
_findnext64
_wfindnext64
_tfindnexti64
_findnexti64
_findnexti64
_wfindnexti64
_tfindnexti6432
_findnexti6432
_findnexti6432
_wfindnexti6432
_tfindnext32i64
_findnext32i64
_findnext32i64
_wfindnext32i64
_tfopen
fopen
fopen
_wfopen
_tfopen_s
fopen_s
fopen_s
_wfopen_s
_tfreopen
freopen
freopen
_wfreopen
_tfreopen_s
freopen_s
freopen_s
_wfreopen_s
_tfsopen
_fsopen
_fsopen
_wfsopen
_tfullpath
_fullpath
_fullpath
_wfullpath
_tgetcwd
_getcwd
_getcwd
_wgetcwd
_tgetdcwd
_getdcwd
_getdcwd
_wgetdcwd
_tgetenv
getenv
getenv
_wgetenv
_tgetenv_s
getenv_s
getenv_s
_wgetenv_s
_tmain
main
main
wmain
_tmakepath
_makepath
_makepath
_wmakepath
_tmakepath_s
_makepath_s
_makepath_s
_wmakepath_s
_tmkdir
_mkdir
_mkdir
_wmkdir
_tmktemp
_mktemp
_mktemp
_wmktemp
_tmktemp_s
_mktemp_s
_mktemp_s
_wmktemp_s
_topen
_open
_open
_wopen
_topen_s
_open_s
_open_s
_wopen_s
_totlower
tolower
_mbctolower
towlower
_totupper
toupper
_mbctoupper
towupper
_tperror
perror
perror
_wperror
_tpopen
_popen
_popen
_wpopen
_tprintf
printf
printf
wprintf
_tprintf_s
printf_s
printf_s
wprintf_s
_tputenv
_putenv
_putenv
_wputenv
_tputenv_s
_putenv_s
_putenv_s
_wputenv_s
_tremove
remove
remove
_wremove
_trename
rename
rename
_wrename
_trmdir
_rmdir
_rmdir
_wrmdir
_tsearchenv
_searchenv
_searchenv
_wsearchenv
_tsearchenv_s
_searchenv_s
_searchenv_s
_wsearchenv_s
_tscanf
scanf
scanf
wscanf
_tscanf_s
scanf_s
scanf_s
wscanf_s
_tsetlocale
setlocale
setlocale
_wsetlocale
_tsopen
_sopen
_sopen
_wsopen
_tsopen_s
_sopen_s
_sopen_s
_wsopen_s
_tspawnl
_spawnl
_spawnl
_wspawnl
_tspawnle
_spawnle
_spawnle
_wspawnle
_tspawnlp
_spawnlp
_spawnlp
_wspawnlp
_tspawnlpe
_spawnlpe
_spawnlpe
_wspawnlpe
_tspawnv
_spawnv
_spawnv
_wspawnv
_tspawnve
_spawnve
_spawnve
_wspawnve
_tspawnvp
_spawnvp
_spawnvp
_wspawnvp
_tspawnvpe
_spawnvpe
_spawnvpe
_wspawnvpe
_tsplitpath
_splitpath
_splitpath
_wsplitpath
_tstat
_stat
_stat
_wstat
_tstat32
_stat32
_stat32
_wstat32
_tstati32
_stati32
_stati32
_wstati32
_tstat64
_stat64
_stat64
_wstat64
_tstati64
_stati64
_stati64
_wstati64
_tstof
atof
atof
_wtof
_tstoi
atoi
atoi
_wtoi
_tstoi64
_atoi64
_atoi64
_wtoi64
_tstol
atol
atol
_wtol
_tstrdate
_strdate
_strdate
_wstrdate
_tstrdate_s
_strdate_s
_strdate_s
_wstrdate_s
_tstrtime
_strtime
_strtime
_wstrtime
_tstrtime_s
_strtime_s
_strtime_s
_wstrtime_s
_tsystem
system
system
_wsystem
_ttempnam
_tempnam
_tempnam
_wtempnam
_ttmpnam
tmpnam
tmpnam
_wtmpnam
_ttmpnam_s
tmpnam_s
tmpnam_s
_wtmpnam_s
_ttoi
atoi
atoi
_wtoi
_ttoi64
_atoi64
_atoi64
_wtoi64
_ttol
atol
atol
_wtol
_tunlink
_unlink
_unlink
_wunlink
_tutime
_utime
_utime
_wutime
_tutime32
_utime32
_utime32
_wutime32
_tutime64
_utime64
_utime64
_wutime64
_tWinMain
WinMain
WinMain
wWinMain
_ui64tot
_ui64toa
_ui64toa
_ui64tow
_ui64tot_s
_ui64toa_s
_ui64toa_s
_ui64tow_s
_ultot
_ultoa
_ultoa
_ultow
_ultot_s
_ultoa_s
_ultoa_s
_ultow_s
_ungettc
ungetc
ungetc
ungetwc
_ungettch
_ungetch
_ungetch
_ungetwch
_vftprintf
vfprintf
vfprintf
vfwprintf
_vftprintf_s
vfprintf_s
vfprintf_s
vfwprintf_S
_vsctprintf
_vscprintf
_vscprintf
_vscwprintf
_vsctprintf_s
_vscprintf_s
_vscprintf_s
_vscwprintf_S
_vsntprintf
_vsnprintf
_vsnprintf
_vsnwprintf
_vsntprintf_s
_vsnprintf_s
_vsnprintf_s
_vsnwprintf_s
_vstprintf
vsprintf
vsprintf
vswprintf
_vstprintf_s
vsprintf_s
vsprintf_s
vswprintf_s
_vtprintf
vprintf
vprintf
vwprintf
_vtprintf_s
vprintf_s
vprintf_s
vwprintf_s
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