Qt浅谈之三十一数据表格（QTableWidget）
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一、简介
QTableWidget是QT对话框设计中常用的显示数据表格的控件，QTableWidget单元格数据是QTableWidgetItem对象来实现的，整个表格都需要用逐个单元格对象QTableWidgetItem构建起来。
二、详解
1、代码
（1）table.h
#ifndef TABLE_H#define TABLE_H#include <QtGui>class Table : public QTableWidget{ Q_OBJECTpublic: Table(QWidget *parent = 0); ~Table(); void setColumnValue(const int &columnSum, const QStringList &header); //set header value void setHeaderWidth(const int &index, const int &width); //set header and column widhth for each index void setHeaderHeight(const int &height); //set header height void addRowValue(const int &height, const QStringList &value, const QIcon &fileIcon); void setRowH(const int &index, const int &height); void setItemFixed(bool flag); bool getSelectedRow(QList<int> &rowList); protected: void contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event); QModelIndex moveCursor(CursorAction cursorAction, Qt::KeyboardModifiers modifiers); void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event);private: void createActions(); private slots: void slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem *item); void slotActionRename(); void slotItemSelectionChanged(); private: int tableWidth; int tableHeight; QList<int>rowHeghtList; QList<int>rowWidthList; QMenu *popMenu; QAction *actionName; QAction *actionSize; QAction *actionType; QAction *actionDate; QAction *actionOpen; QAction *actionDownload; QAction *actionFlush; QAction *actionDelete; QAction *actionRename; QAction *actionCreateFolder; QTableWidgetItem *rightClickedItem; QMap<QTableWidgetItem *, QString>fileMap; bool dupFlag;};// custom item delegate classclass NoFocusDelegate : public QStyledItemDelegate{protected: void paint(QPainter* painter, const QStyleOptionViewItem& option, const QModelIndex& index) const;};#endif // TABLE_H（2）table.cpp#include "table.h"Table::Table(QWidget *parent) : QTableWidget(parent) , rightClickedItem(NULL) , dupFlag(false){ rowHeghtList.clear(); rowWidthList.clear(); fileMap.clear(); this->setMouseTracking(true); //setWindowTitle(tr("table")); horizontalHeader()->setDefaultSectionSize(100); verticalHeader()->setDefaultSectionSize(30); //设置默认行高 tableWidth = 100; tableHeight = 30; horizontalHeader()->setClickable(false); //设置表头不可点击（默认点击后进行排序 QFont font = horizontalHeader()->font(); //设置表头字体加粗 font.setBold(true); horizontalHeader()->setFont(font); horizontalHeader()->setStretchLastSection(true); //设置充满表宽度 horizontalHeader()->setMovable(false); //表头左右互换 //verticalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::ResizeToContents); setFrameShape(QFrame::NoFrame); //设置无边框 //setShowGrid(false); //设置不显示格子线 verticalHeader()->setVisible(false); //设置垂直头不可见 setSelectionMode(QAbstractItemView::ExtendedSelection); //可多选（Ctrl、Shift、 Ctrl+A都可以） setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows); //设置选择行为时每次选择一行 setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers); //设置不可编辑 setStyleSheet("selection-background-color:lightblue;"); //设置选中背景色 //horizontalHeader()->setStyleSheet("QHeaderView::section{background:skyblue;}"); //设置表头背景色 //setStyleSheet("background: rgb(56,56,56);alternate-background-color:rgb(48,51,55);selection-background-color:qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(56,56,56),stop:1 rgb(76,76,76));"); //设置选中背景色 horizontalHeader()->setStyleSheet("QHeaderView::section{background-color: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgba(134, 245, 99, 255),stop:0.5 rgba(134, 148, 99, 255),stop:1 rgba(115, 87, 128, 255));color:rgb(25, 70, 100);padding-left: 1px;border: 1px solid #FFFF00;}"); //设置表头背景色 setAlternatingRowColors(true); //setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff); //setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff); //设置水平、垂直滚动条样式 horizontalScrollBar()->setStyleSheet("QScrollBar{background:transparent; height:12px;}" "QScrollBar::handle{background:lightgray; border:2px solid transparent; border-radius:5px;}" "QScrollBar::handle:hover{background:gray;}" "QScrollBar::sub-line{background:transparent;}" "QScrollBar::add-line{background:transparent;}"); verticalScrollBar()->setStyleSheet("QScrollBar{background:transparent; width:12px;}" "QScrollBar::handle{background:lightgray; border:2px solid transparent; border-radius:5px;}" "QScrollBar::handle:hover{background:gray;}" "QScrollBar::sub-line{background:transparent;}" "QScrollBar::add-line{background:transparent;}"); // set the item delegate to your table widget setItemDelegate(new NoFocusDelegate()); //虚线边框去除 //setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus); //去除选中虚线框 horizontalHeader()->setHighlightSections(false); //点击表时不对表头行光亮（获取焦点） createActions(); setItemFixed(false); connect(this, SIGNAL(itemEntered(QTableWidgetItem*)), this , SLOT(slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem*))); connect(this, SIGNAL(itemSelectionChanged()), this , SLOT(slotItemSelectionChanged())); //this->resize(600, 600);}Table::~Table(){}void Table::setColumnValue(const int &columnSum, const QStringList &header){ setColumnCount(columnSum); //设置列数 this->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(header); //设置列的标签}void Table::setHeaderWidth(const int &index, const int &width){ horizontalHeader()->resizeSection(index,width); if (rowWidthList.count() <= index + 1) { rowWidthList.append(width); } else { rowWidthList[index+1] = width; } tableWidth = 0; for(int index = 0; index < rowWidthList.count(); index++) tableWidth += rowWidthList.at(index); resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);}void Table::setHeaderHeight(const int &height){ horizontalHeader()->setFixedHeight(height); //设置表头的高度 if (rowHeghtList.isEmpty()) { rowHeghtList.append(height); } else { rowHeghtList[0] = height; } tableHeight = 0; for(int index = 0; index < rowHeghtList.count(); index++) tableHeight += rowHeghtList.at(index); resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);}void Table::addRowValue(const int &height, const QStringList &value, const QIcon &fileIcon){ int row_count = rowCount(); //获取表单行数 insertRow(row_count); //插入新行 setRowHeight(row_count, height); for (int index = 0; index < columnCount(); index++) { QTableWidgetItem *item = new QTableWidgetItem; if (index == 0) { item->setIcon(fileIcon); item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignVCenter | Qt::AlignLeft); fileMap.insert(item, value.at(index)); } else { item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter); } item->setText(value.at(index)); setItem(row_count, index, item); } rowHeghtList.append(height); tableHeight += height; resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);}void NoFocusDelegate::paint(QPainter* painter, const QStyleOptionViewItem & option, const QModelIndex &index) const{ QStyleOptionViewItem itemOption(option); if (itemOption.state & QStyle::State_HasFocus) itemOption.state = itemOption.state ^ QStyle::State_HasFocus; QStyledItemDelegate::paint(painter, itemOption, index);}void Table::setRowH(const int &index, const int &height){ setRowHeight(index, height); if (rowHeghtList.count() <= index + 1) { rowHeghtList.append(height); } else { rowHeghtList[index+1] = height; } tableHeight = 0; for(int index = 0; index < rowHeghtList.count(); index++) tableHeight += rowHeghtList.at(index); resize(tableWidth, tableHeight);}void Table::createActions(){ popMenu = new QMenu(); actionName = new QAction(this); actionSize = new QAction(this); actionType = new QAction(this); actionDate = new QAction(this); actionOpen = new QAction(this); actionDownload = new QAction(this); actionFlush = new QAction(this); actionDelete = new QAction(this); actionRename = new QAction(this); actionCreateFolder = new QAction(this); actionOpen->setText(tr("打开")); actionDownload->setText(tr("下载")); actionFlush->setText(tr("刷新")); actionDelete->setText(tr("删除")); actionRename->setText(tr("重命名")); actionCreateFolder->setText(tr("新建文件夹")); actionName->setText(tr("名称")); actionSize->setText(tr("大小")); actionType->setText(tr("项目类型")); actionDate->setText(tr("修改日期")); actionFlush->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Refresh); connect(actionRename, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(slotActionRename()));}void Table::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event){ popMenu->clear(); QPoint point = event->pos(); rightClickedItem = this->itemAt(point); if(rightClickedItem != NULL) { popMenu->addAction(actionDownload); popMenu->addAction(actionFlush); popMenu->addSeparator(); popMenu->addAction(actionDelete); popMenu->addAction(actionRename); popMenu->addSeparator(); popMenu->addAction(actionCreateFolder); QMenu *sortStyle = popMenu->addMenu(tr("排序")); sortStyle->addAction(actionName); sortStyle->addAction(actionSize); sortStyle->addAction(actionType); sortStyle->addAction(actionDate); popMenu->exec(QCursor::pos()); event->accept(); }}QModelIndex Table::moveCursor(QAbstractItemView::CursorAction cursorAction, Qt::KeyboardModifiers modifiers){ //重写移动光标事件，当存在编辑项的时候，让光标永远位于当前项（编辑项）,否则返回父类 if(rightClickedItem && rightClickedItem->row() >= 0) { return currentIndex(); } else { return QTableWidget::moveCursor(cursorAction, modifiers); }}void Table::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event){ if (event->key() == Qt::Key_Return || event->key() == Qt::Key_Enter) { QTableWidgetItem *item = currentItem(); if (item) { closePersistentEditor(item); openPersistentEditor(item); slotItemSelectionChanged(); dupFlag = false; } }}void Table::slotItemSelectionChanged(){ //关闭编辑项 if (rightClickedItem && dupFlag == false) { int editRow = rightClickedItem->row(); QTableWidgetItem *item = this->item(editRow, 0); QMap<QTableWidgetItem *, QString>::iterator it; for (it = fileMap.begin(); it != fileMap.end(); ++it) { if (it.key() != item) { if (it.value() == item->text()) { dupFlag = true; } } } if (dupFlag == false) { this->closePersistentEditor(item); rightClickedItem = NULL; } else { QMessageBox::critical(this,tr("错误提示"),tr("文件重名"), tr("确定")); setCurrentItem(item); } } else { dupFlag = false; }}void Table::setItemFixed(bool flag){ if (flag == true) horizontalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::Fixed); else horizontalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::Interactive);}bool Table::getSelectedRow(QList<int> &rowList){ //多选并获取所选行 QList<QTableWidgetItem *> items = this->selectedItems(); int itemCount = items.count(); if(itemCount <= 0) { return false; } for (int index = 0; index < itemCount; index++) { int itemRow = this->row(items.at(index)); rowList.append(itemRow); } return true;}void Table::slotItemEntered(QTableWidgetItem *item){ if(!item) return; QString name = item->text(); if (name.isEmpty()) return; QToolTip::showText(QCursor::pos(), name);}void Table::slotActionRename(){ //获得当前节点并获取编辑名称 if (rightClickedItem) { int editRow = rightClickedItem->row(); QTableWidgetItem *item = this->item(editRow, 0); //编辑的行号及第一列 this->setCurrentCell(editRow, 0); this->openPersistentEditor(item); //打开编辑项 this->editItem(item); }}（3）tablewidget.h#ifndef TABLEWIDGET_H#define TABLEWIDGET_H#include "table.h"class TableWidget : public QWidget{ Q_OBJECTpublic: TableWidget(QWidget *parent = 0); ~TableWidget();private: bool ScanFile(const QString & path);private: Table *table;};#endif // TABLEWIDGET_H（4）tablewidget.cpp#include "tablewidget.h"TableWidget::TableWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent){ QTextCodec*codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("utf8"); QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(codec); QTextCodec::setCodecForCStrings(codec); QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(codec); setWindowTitle(tr("文件浏览")); table = new Table(this); QStringList header; header<<tr("文件名")<<tr("最后更改日期")<<tr("类型")<<tr("大小"); table->setColumnValue(4, header); table->setHeaderWidth(0, 200); table->setHeaderWidth(1, 150); table->setHeaderWidth(2, 100); table->setHeaderWidth(3, 100); table->setHeaderHeight(30); //table->setRowH(0, 200); ScanFile(QApplication::applicationDirPath());// table->setRowHeight(46); resize(800, 800);}TableWidget::~TableWidget(){}//Qt实现遍历文件夹和文件目录bool TableWidget::ScanFile(const QString &path){ QDir dir(path); if (!dir.exists()) return false;// dir.setFilter(QDir::Dirs | QDir::Files | QDir::NoSymLinks | QDir::NoDotAndDotDot);// QFileInfoList list = dir.entryInfoList();// //QStringList list = dir.entryList();// for(int index = 0; index < list.count(); index++) {// QFileInfo fileInfo = list.at(index);// if (fileInfo.isDir()) {// ScanFile(fileInfo.filePath());// }// else {// qDebug() << "----------" << fileInfo.absoluteFilePath();// }// } QDirIterator dirIterator(path, QDir::Dirs | QDir::Files | QDir::NoSymLinks| QDir::NoDotAndDotDot, QDirIterator::Subdirectories); while(dirIterator.hasNext()) { dirIterator.next(); QFileInfo fileInfo = dirIterator.fileInfo(); QString filePath = fileInfo.absoluteFilePath(); QFileIconProvider iconProvider; QIcon icon; if (fileInfo.isDir()) { //获取指定文件图标 icon = iconProvider.icon(QFileIconProvider::Folder); } else { icon = iconProvider.icon(fileInfo); } QFileIconProvider icon_provider; QString typeFile = icon_provider.type(fileInfo); table->addRowValue(30, QStringList()<< filePath <<fileInfo.lastModified().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss") <<typeFile<<QString::number(fileInfo.size()/1024.0, 'f', 2)+"KB", icon); } return true;}（5）main.cpp#include "tablewidget.h"#include <QApplication>int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ QApplication a(argc, argv); TableWidget w; w.show(); return a.exec();}（6）运行结果
根据网上博客修改了：鼠标点击的选项会出现虚框、创建右键菜单、获取文件图标类型、右键编辑时Tab键的处理和重命名文件重名后表格更新的、递归扫描文件夹。
2、QTableWidget控件属性
一、禁止编辑表格在默认情况下，表格里的字符是可以更改的。
比如双击一个单元格，就可以修改原来的内容，如果想禁止用户的这种操作，让这个表格对用户只读，可以这样：
ui.qtablewidget->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::NoEditTriggers);二、设置表格为选择整行
/*设置表格为整行选中*/ui.qtablewidget->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);三、设置单个选中和多个选中
单个选中意味着每次只可以选中一个单元格，多个就是相当于可以选择”一片“那种模式。
/*设置允许多个选中*/ ui.qtablewidget->setSelectionMode(QAbstractItemView::ExtendedSelection);四、表格表头的显示与隐藏
对于水平或垂直方向的表头，如果不想显示可以用以下方式进行（隐藏/显示）设置：
ui.qtablewidget->verticalHeader()->setVisible(true); ui.qtablewidget->horizontalHeader()->setVisible(false);五、设置具体单元格中字体的对齐方式
ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter);六、设置具体单元格中字体格式
ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setBackgroundColor(QColor(0,60,10)); ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setTextColor(QColor(200,111,100));ui.qtablewidget->item(1, 0)->setFont(QFont("Helvetica")); 七、设置具体单元格的值ui.qtablewidget->setItem(1, 0, new QTableWidgetItem(str));八、把QTableWidgetItem对象内容转换为QString
QString str =ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toString();九、具体单元格中添加控件
QComboBox *comBox = new QComboBox();comBox->addItem("F");comBox->addItem("M");ui.qtablewidget->setCellWidget(0,3,comBox);十、合并单元格//合并单元格的效果ui.qtablewidget->setSpan(2, 2, 3, 2);//第一个参数：要改变的单元格行数//第二个参数：要改变的单元格列数//第三个参数：需要合并的行数//第四个参数：需要合并的列数十一、具体单元格中插入图片
ui.qtablewidget->setItem(3, 2, new QTableWidgetItem(QIcon("images/music.png"), "Music"));十二、设置显示网格ui.qtablewidget->setShowGrid(true);//显示表格线十三、设置滚动条
ui.qtablewidget->setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);//去掉水平滚动条十四、设置列标签
//初始化界面 QStringList HStrList; HStrList.push_back(QString("name")); HStrList.push_back(QString("id")); HStrList.push_back(QString("age")); HStrList.push_back(QString("sex")); HStrList.push_back(QString("department")); //设置行列数(只有列存在的前提下，才可以设置列标签) int HlableCnt = HStrList.count(); ui.qtablewidget->setRowCount(10); ui.qtablewidget->setColumnCount(HlableCnt); //设置列标签 ui.qtablewidget->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(HStrList);十五、设置行和列的大小设为与内容相匹配ui.qtablewidget->resizeColumnsToContents(); ui.qtablewidget->resizeRowsToContents();十六、设置字体
ui.qtablewidget->setFont(font); //设置字体十七、获取某一单元格的内容
QString strText = ui.qtablewidget->item(0, 0)->text();
3、QTableWidget美化
QSS样式表（根据需求修改颜色）：QTableWidget{background: rgb(56,56,56);alternate-background-color:rgb(48,51,55);selection-background-color:qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(56,56,56),stop:1 rgb(66,66,66));}QHeaderView::section{background-color: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 rgb(46,46,46),stop:1 rgb(56,56,56));color: rgb(210,210,210);padding-left: 4px;border: 1px solid #383838;}QScrollBar:vertical{border: 0px solid grey;background: transparent;width: 15px;margin: 22px 0 22px 0;}QScrollBar::handle:vertical{background: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:1, y2:0, stop:0 rgb(46,46,46),stop:1 rgb(66,66,66));min-height: 20px;}QScrollBar::add-line:vertical{border: 0px solid grey;background: rgb(66,66,66);height: 20px;subcontrol-position: bottom;subcontrol-origin: margin;}QScrollBar::sub-line:vertical{border: 0px solid grey;background: rgb(56,56,56);height: 20px;subcontrol-position: top;subcontrol-origin: margin;}QScrollBar::up-arrow:vertical, QScrollBar::down-arrow:vertical{border: 0px solid grey;width: 3px;height: 3px;background: rgb(46,46,46);}QScrollBar::add-page:vertical, QScrollBar::sub-page:vertical{background: none;}四、总结
（1）源码中绝大部分的功能都没实现，Table也没进行完整的封装，可根据自己的需求修改代码。（2）本代码的总结参考了网友的博客，在此感谢。
（3）源码已经打包上传到csdn上，可登录下载（http://download.csdn.net/detail/taiyang1987912/8938815）。
（4）若有建议，请留言，在此先感谢！
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