iterator、const_iterator和const iterator的区别

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    最近研究iterator,看了下const_iterator和const iterator的使用,记录下来,以供以后参考。

(1)iterator迭代器,对容器中的元素可以读写操作

    string tem = "abcde";    string::iterator start = tem.begin();    string::iterator end = tem.end();    while(start != end)    {        *start = 'a';        ++start;    }    cout<<tem<<endl;

输出结果:


(2)const_iterator,对容器中的元素只能读,不能写

    string tem = "abcde";    string::const_iterator start = tem.begin();    string::const_iterator end = tem.end();    while(start != end)    {        *start = 'a';        ++start;    }    cout<<tem<<endl;

程序出错,如下:


注意:如果容器是一个const类型的,则只能用const_iterator,不能用iterator

    const string tem = "abcde";    string::const_iterator start = tem.begin();    string::const_iterator end = tem.end();    while(start != end)    {        cout<<*start<<endl;        ++start;    }

输出结果:


(3)const iterator:迭代器指向一块固定内存,不能指向其它内存块,但是该内存块的存储内容可变

    string tem = "abcde";    const string::iterator start = tem.begin();    *start = 'b';    cout<<*start<<endl;

输出结果:


尝试使该迭代器指向其它内存,会报错:

    string tem = "abcde";    const string::iterator start = tem.begin();    start++;    cout<<*start<<endl;

出错:


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