Shell脚本中执行mysql语句

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http://www.2cto.com/database/201410/343557.html

对于自动化运维，诸如备份恢复之类的，DBA经常需要将SQL语句封装到shell脚本。本文描述了在Linux环境下mysql数据库中，shell脚本下调用sql语句的几种方法，供大家参考。对于脚本输出的结果美化，需要进一步完善和调整。以下为具体的示例及其方法。

1、将SQL语句直接嵌入到shell脚本文件中

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--演示环境
[root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issue
CentOS release 5.9 (Final)
Kernel \r onan \m
 
root@localhost[(none)]> show variables like'version';
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value      |
+---------------+------------+
| version       | 5.6.12-log |
+---------------+------------+
 
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh 
#!/bin/bash
# Define log
TIMESTAMP=`date+%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.log
echo"Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}
 
#executesql stat
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "
tee /tmp/temp.log
drop database if exists tempdb;
create database tempdb;
use tempdb
create table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));
insert into tb_tmp values (1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select * from tb_tmp;
notee
quit"
 
echo -e "\n">>${LOG}
echo"below is output result.">>${LOG}
cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}
echo"script executed successful.">>${LOG}
exit;
 
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh 
Loggingtofile '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id   | val   |
+------+-------+
|    1 | jack  |
|    2 | robin |
|    3 | mark  |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.
--Author : Leshami
--Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami

2、命令行调用单独的SQL文件

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[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql
tee /tmp/temp.log
dropdatabase if exists tempdb;
createdatabase tempdb;
use tempdb
createtable if notexists tb_tmp(id smallint,valvarchar(20));
insertinto tb_tmp values(1,'jack'),(2,'robin'),(3,'mark');
select* fromtb_tmp;
notee
 
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"
Loggingtofile '/tmp/temp.log'
+------+-------+
| id   | val   |
+------+-------+
|    1 | jack  |
|    2 | robin |
|    3 | mark  |
+------+-------+
Outfile disabled.

3、使用管道符调用SQL文件<br ><="" p="">

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[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql
Loggingtofile '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1       jack
2       robin
3       mark
Outfile disabled.
 
#使用管道符调用SQL文件以及输出日志
[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log
[root@SZDB ~]# more /tmp/temp.log
Loggingtofile '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1       jack
2       robin
3       mark
Outfile disabled.

4、shell脚本中MySQL提示符下调用SQL

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[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh
#!/bin/bash
mysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOF
source /root/temp.sql;
selectcurrent_date();
deletefrom tempdb.tb_tmp whereid=3;
select* fromtempdb.tb_tmp whereid=2;
EOF
exit;
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.sh
Loggingtofile '/tmp/temp.log'
id      val
1       jack
2       robin
3       mark
Outfile disabled.
current_date()
2014-10-14
id      val
2       robin

5、shell脚本中变量输入与输出

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[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh
#!/bin/bash
cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"
cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")
echo"Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh 
Warning: Using a passwordon the command line interface can be insecure.
Currentcount is : 3
 
[root@SZDB ~]# echo "select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s
3
 
[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh
#!/bin/bash
id=1
cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}"
cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")
echo"Current count is : ${cnt}"
exit
 
[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh 
Currentcount is : 1
 
#以上脚本演示中，作抛砖引玉只用，对于输出的结果不是很规整友好，需要进一步改善和提高

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