通过蓝牙模块与单片机通讯
来源：互联网 发布：linux显示行号命令 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/05/05 21:48
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·简介：由于业务关系，需要开发一个向单片机发送数据的应用，不过由于需求很简单，只 需要发送数据即可，所以该dome的功能只有发送数据功能，并没有对输入的数据 做进一步的处理这里有蓝牙开发的基本资料，建议蓝牙基础欠缺的可以先悉知一下：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1ntrHntB
这里是我的dome工程目录
布局文件：
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:text="@string/hello_world" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView2" android:layout_below="@id/textView1" android:text="@string/hello_world" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView3" android:layout_below="@id/textView2" android:text="@string/hello_world" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <SeekBar android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/seekBar1" android:layout_below="@+id/textView2" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_alignParentStart="true" android:layout_marginTop="108dp" /> <SeekBar android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/seekBar2" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" /></RelativeLayout>
总的来说，通讯过程是：
1、得到本地蓝牙设备，
void initOpenBluetooth() { //取得本地蓝牙设备 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); finish(); return; } //如果蓝牙没打开，提醒用户打开蓝牙 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); }else { if(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){ initGetDevice(); } } }private void initGetDevice(){ //获取远程BlueToothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); textView3.setText(device.getAddress() + ":" + device.getName()); if (mChatService == null) { mChatService = new BluetoothChatService(this); if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState()); mChatService.connect(device);//启动了蓝牙连接线程, if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState()); } }3、找到已配对的设备，连接，连接需要唯一的通讯信道UUID
/********************* 连接线程 ****************/ private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { mmDevice = device; BluetoothSocket tmp = null; // Get a BluetoothSocket for a connection with the // given BluetoothDevice try { tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e); } mmSocket = tmp; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectThread"); setName("ConnectThread"); // Always cancel discovery because it will slow down a connection mAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // Make a connection to the BluetoothSocket try { // This is a blocking call and will only return on a // successful connection or an exception mmSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e) { connectionFailed(); // Close the socket try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { Log.e(TAG, "unable to close() socket during connection failure", e2); } /*// Start the service over to restart listening mode BluetoothChatService.this.start();*/ return; } // Reset the ConnectThread because we're done synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) { mConnectThread = null; } // Start the connected thread connected(mmSocket, mmDevice); } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } }3、连接后的连接管理，通讯
/********************* 连接管理，通讯线程 **********************/ private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final InputStream mmInStream; private final OutputStream mmOutStream; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { Log.d(TAG, "create ConnectedThread"); mmSocket = socket; InputStream tmpIn = null; OutputStream tmpOut = null; // Get the BluetoothSocket input and output streams try { tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "temp sockets not created", e); } mmInStream = tmpIn; mmOutStream = tmpOut; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectedThread"); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int bytes; // Keep listening to the InputStream while connected while (true) { try { // Read from the InputStream bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "disconnected", e); connectionLost(); break; } } } /** * Write to the connected OutStream. * @param buffer The bytes to write */ public void write(byte[] buffer) { try { mmOutStream.write(buffer); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e); } } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } }4、最后一步，修复一些小Bug，然后可以根据自己的业务需求来更改代码。
本来还有一个等待连接线程的，但该次业务无此需求，故不列出来了。
5：这里是整个dome的代码：
MainActivity：
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener { // Debugging private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; private static final boolean D = true; //定义打开蓝牙的请求码 private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 2; // 本地蓝牙设备 private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = null; // Member object for the chat services private BluetoothChatService mChatService = null; BluetoothDevice device; private static String address = "30:14:11:12:38:01"; SeekBar seekBar1,seekBar2; TextView textView1,textView2,textView3; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); if(D) Log.v(TAG, "+++ ON CREATE +++"); System.out.println("+++ ON CREATE +++"); seekBar1 = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekBar1); seekBar2 = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekBar2); textView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1); textView2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2); textView3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView3); //两种方式监听 seekBar1.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(this); seekBar2.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() { @Override public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) { textView2.setText("当前值：" + progress); // 发送数据 String msg = String.valueOf(progress); if (mChatService.getState() == BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED) { mChatService.write(getHexBytes(msg)); }else { System.out.println("没有连接好"); } } @Override public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) { } @Override public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) { } }); initOpenBluetooth(); } /*************** 再按一次退出程序 ****************/ private long _doubleClickedTime = 0; @Override public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) { long clickedTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); if (clickedTime - _doubleClickedTime <= 2000) { // 两次点击退出 finish(); } else { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "再按一次退出程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); _doubleClickedTime = clickedTime; } return true; } return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event); } /*********** 退出后，把蓝牙的连接注销 ***********/ @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); mChatService.stop(); finish(); } /************* 当“打开蓝牙的dialog结束后，要回调的函数” ************/ @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); if(requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT){ initGetDevice(); } } /******************* initOpenBluetooth *********************/ void initOpenBluetooth() { //取得本地蓝牙设备 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙不可用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); finish(); return; } //如果蓝牙没打开，提醒用户打开蓝牙 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT); }else { if(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){ initGetDevice(); } } } /******************** intDetDevice **********************/ private void initGetDevice(){ //获取远程BlueToothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); textView3.setText(device.getAddress() + ":" + device.getName()); if (mChatService == null) { mChatService = new BluetoothChatService(this); if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState()); mChatService.connect(device);//启动了蓝牙连接线程, if (D) Log.v(TAG, "当前蓝牙状态：" + mChatService.getState()); } } /******************** 字符串转换为16进制 **********************/ private byte[] getHexBytes(String message) { int len = message.length() / 2; char[] chars = message.toCharArray(); String[] hexStr = new String[len]; byte[] bytes = new byte[len]; for (int i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i += 2, j++) { hexStr[j] = "" + chars[i] + chars[i + 1]; bytes[j] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hexStr[j], 16); } return bytes; } /******************************** 拖动发送数据 ********************************/ @Override public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) { textView1.setText("当前值：" + progress); // 发送数据 String msg = String.valueOf(progress); if (mChatService.getState() == BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED) { mChatService.write(getHexBytes(msg)); }else { System.out.println("没有连接好"); } } @Override public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) { } @Override public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) { }/****************************** 标题栏 ************************************/ @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml. int id = item.getItemId(); //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement if (id == R.id.action_settings) { return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); }}public class BluetoothChatService { // Debugging private static final String TAG = "BluetoothChatService"; private static final boolean D = true; // Name for the SDP record when creating server socket private static final String NAME = "BluetoothChat"; // Unique UUID for this application private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"); // Member fields private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter; private AcceptThread mAcceptThread; private ConnectThread mConnectThread; private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread; private int mState; // Constants that indicate the current connection state public static final int STATE_NONE = 0; // we're doing nothing public static final int STATE_LISTEN = 1; // now listening for incoming connections public static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 2; // now initiating an outgoing connection public static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 3; // now connected to a remote device public BluetoothChatService(Context context) { mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); mState = STATE_NONE; } private synchronized void setState(int state) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "setState() " + mState + " -> " + state); mState = state; } public synchronized int getState() { return mState; } /*************** 本来还有个监听线程入口 和 监听线程。此应用没用到 ***********/ /********************** 启动连接线程 ************************/ public synchronized void connect(BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connect to: " + device); // Cancel any thread attempting to make a connection /* if (mState == STATE_CONNECTING) { if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} }*/ if (mState == STATE_NONE) { if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} } // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} // Start the thread to connect with the given device mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device); mConnectThread.start(); setState(STATE_CONNECTING); } /******************* 启动连接管理，通讯线程的入口 **************************/ public synchronized void connected(BluetoothSocket socket, BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connected"); // Cancel the thread that completed the connection if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} // Cancel the accept thread because we only want to connect to one device if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;} // Start the thread to manage the connection and perform transmissions mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket); mConnectedThread.start(); setState(STATE_CONNECTED); } /****************** 注销掉所有 *****************/ public synchronized void stop() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "stop"); if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;} setState(STATE_NONE); } /*************** 写出给通许线程，由线程来发送数据 ***********/ public void write(byte[] out) { // Create temporary object ConnectedThread r; // Synchronize a copy of the ConnectedThread synchronized (this) { if (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) return; r = mConnectedThread; } // Perform the write unsynchronized r.write(out); } private void connectionFailed() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); } private void connectionLost() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); } /********************* 等待监听线程，此应用没用到 ****************/ private class AcceptThread extends Thread { // The local server socket private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket; public AcceptThread() { BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null; // Create a new listening server socket try { tmp = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "listen() failed", e); } mmServerSocket = tmp; } public void run() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "BEGIN mAcceptThread" + this); setName("AcceptThread"); BluetoothSocket socket = null; // Listen to the server socket if we're not connected while (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) { try { // This is a blocking call and will only return on a // successful connection or an exception socket = mmServerSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "accept() failed", e); break; } // If a connection was accepted if (socket != null) { synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) { switch (mState) { case STATE_LISTEN: case STATE_CONNECTING: // Situation normal. Start the connected thread. connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice()); break; case STATE_NONE: case STATE_CONNECTED: // Either not ready or already connected. Terminate new socket. try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Could not close unwanted socket", e); } break; } } } } if (D) Log.i(TAG, "END mAcceptThread"); } public void cancel() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "cancel " + this); try { mmServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of server failed", e); } } } /********************* 连接线程 ****************/ private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { mmDevice = device; BluetoothSocket tmp = null; // Get a BluetoothSocket for a connection with the // given BluetoothDevice try { tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e); } mmSocket = tmp; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectThread"); setName("ConnectThread"); // Always cancel discovery because it will slow down a connection mAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // Make a connection to the BluetoothSocket try { // This is a blocking call and will only return on a // successful connection or an exception mmSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e) { connectionFailed(); // Close the socket try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { Log.e(TAG, "unable to close() socket during connection failure", e2); } /*// Start the service over to restart listening mode BluetoothChatService.this.start();*/ return; } // Reset the ConnectThread because we're done synchronized (BluetoothChatService.this) { mConnectThread = null; } // Start the connected thread connected(mmSocket, mmDevice); } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } } /********************* 连接管理，通讯线程 **********************/ private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final InputStream mmInStream; private final OutputStream mmOutStream; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { Log.d(TAG, "create ConnectedThread"); mmSocket = socket; InputStream tmpIn = null; OutputStream tmpOut = null; // Get the BluetoothSocket input and output streams try { tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "temp sockets not created", e); } mmInStream = tmpIn; mmOutStream = tmpOut; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectedThread"); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int bytes; // Keep listening to the InputStream while connected while (true) { try { // Read from the InputStream bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "disconnected", e); connectionLost(); break; } } } /** * Write to the connected OutStream. * @param buffer The bytes to write */ public void write(byte[] buffer) { try { mmOutStream.write(buffer); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e); } } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } }}希望这边文章可以帮到阅读者
顺便一提：参考的出处的时候太久远了，忘了出处，在这里给他（他）说声：不好意思。。。
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