The Blocks Problem

The Blocks Problem

Description

Background 

Many areas of Computer Science use simple, abstract domains for both analytical and empirical studies. For example, an early AI study of planning and robotics (STRIPS) used a block world in which a robot arm performed tasks involving the manipulation of blocks.

In this problem you will model a simple block world under certain rules and constraints. Rather than determine how to achieve a specified state, you will ``program'' a robotic arm to respond to a limited set of commands.

The Problem 

The problem is to parse a series of commands that instruct a robot arm in how to manipulate blocks that lie on a flat table. Initially there aren blocks on the table (numbered from 0 to n-1) with block b_i adjacent to blockb_i+1 for all as shown in the diagram below:

 Figure: Initial Blocks World

The valid commands for the robot arm that manipulates blocks are:

• move a onto b

  where a and b are block numbers, puts block a onto blockb after returning any blocks that are stacked on top of blocks a andb to their initial positions.

• move a over b

  where a and b are block numbers, puts block a onto the top of the stack containing blockb, after returning any blocks that are stacked on top of block a to their initial positions.

• pile a onto b

  where a and b are block numbers, moves the pile of blocks consisting of blocka, and any blocks that are stacked above block a, onto block b. All blocks on top of block b are moved to their initial positions prior to the pile taking place. The blocks stacked above blocka retain their order when moved.

• pile a over b

  where a and b are block numbers, puts the pile of blocks consisting of blocka, and any blocks that are stacked above block a, onto the top of the stack containing blockb. The blocks stacked above block a retain their original order when moved.

• quit

  terminates manipulations in the block world.

Any command in which a = b or in which a and b are in the same stack of blocks is an illegal command. All illegal commands should be ignored and should have no affect on the configuration of blocks.

The Input 

The input begins with an integer n on a line by itself representing the number of blocks in the block world. You may assume that 0 <n < 25.

The number of blocks is followed by a sequence of block commands, one command per line. Your program should process all commands until thequit command is encountered.

You may assume that all commands will be of the form specified above. There will be no syntactically incorrect commands.

The Output 

The output should consist of the final state of the blocks world. Each original block position numberedi ( wheren is the number of blocks) should appear followed immediately by a colon. If there is at least a block on it, the colon must be followed by one space, followed by a list of blocks that appear stacked in that position with each block number separated from other block numbers by a space. Don't put any trailing spaces on a line.

There should be one line of output for each block position (i.e., n lines of output wheren is the integer on the first line of input).

Sample Input 

10move 9 onto 1move 8 over 1move 7 over 1move 6 over 1pile 8 over 6pile 8 over 5move 2 over 1move 4 over 9quit

Sample Output 

 0: 0 1: 1 9 2 4 2: 3: 3 4: 5: 5 8 7 6 6: 7: 8: 9:

大意：

给出n个积木，编号为0到n-1，放在位置为0到n-1上；

游戏规则如下：（以下a，b均为积木的编号）

move a onto b：将a,b之上的积木放回原位置，再将a放到b上；

move a over b：将a之上的积木放回原位置，再将a放到b所在的积木堆之上；

pile a onto b：将b之上的积木放回原位置，再将a本身和它之上的积木放到b之上；

pile a over b：将a本身和它之上的积木放到b所在的积木堆之上；

quit：结束游戏；

规则3和规则4放置积木时应和它先前的顺序一致，sample input的动作6；

如果a和b的编号一致或者a，b所在的积木堆吸相同则该动作忽略；

要点：

模拟即可；

代码：

#include <cstdio>#include <cstring>int main(){int number[25], pile[25][25];int num;while (scanf("%d", &num) != EOF){getchar();for (int i = 0; i < num; i++){pile[i][0] = i;number[i] = 1;}char ask1[5], ask2[5];int n1, n2, li1, li2, lj1, lj2;while (scanf ("%s", ask1) && strcmp(ask1, "quit")){getchar();scanf ("%d%s%d", &n1, ask2, &n2);for (int i = 0; i < num; i++){for (int j = 0; j < number[i]; j++){if (pile[i][j] == n1)li1 = i, lj1 = j;if (pile[i][j] == n2)li2 = i, lj2 = j;}}if (n1 == n2 || li1 == li2)continue;if (!strcmp(ask1, "move")){if (!strcmp(ask2, "onto")){for (int j = lj1 + 1; j < number[li1]; j++){pile[pile[li1][j]][number[pile[li1][j]]++] = pile[li1][j];}number[li1] = lj1 + 1;for (int j = lj2 + 1; j < number[li2]; j++){pile[pile[li2][j]][number[pile[li2][j]]++] = pile[li2][j];}number[li2] = lj2 + 1;pile[li2][number[li2]] = pile[li1][lj1];number[li2]++, number[li1]--;}else {for (int j = lj1 + 1; j < number[li1]; j++){  pile[pile[li1][j]][number[pile[li1][j]]++] = pile[li1][j];              }number[li1] = lj1 + 1;pile[li2][number[li2]] = pile[li1][lj1];number[li2]++, number[li1]--;}}else{if (!strcmp(ask2, "onto")){for (int j = lj2 + 1; j < number[li2]; j++) {pile[pile[li2][j]][number[pile[li2][j]]++] = pile[li2][j];}number[li2] = lj2 + 1;for (int j = lj1; j < number[li1]; j++){pile[li2][number[li2]++] = pile[li1][j];}number[li1] = lj1;}else{for (int j = lj1; j < number[li1]; j++){pile[li2][number[li2]++] = pile[li1][j];}number[li1] = lj1;}}}for (int i = 0; i < num; i++){printf ("%d:", i);if (number[i] > 0)for (int j = 0; j < number[i]; j++)printf (" %d", pile[i][j]);printf("\n");}}return 0;}