初学Ibatis

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    iBatis是一款使用方便的数据访问工具,也可作为数据持久层的框架。和ORM框架(如Hibernate)将数据库表直接映射为Java对象相比,iBatis是将SQL语句映射为Java对象。相对于全自动SQL的Hibernate,iBatis允许你对SQL有完全控制权,可以视为半自动的数据访问工具。 

    iBatis的最大优点是简便,轻量级,仅需iBatis的一个jar和数据库的驱动即可运行,而且使用iBatis仅需掌握SQL和XML的用法即可,而不像Hibernate那样需要配置对象间的关系。学习iBatis的过程要比Hibernate快很多,在项目中,若人员水平不大一致时,使用iBatis代替Hibernate作为数据访问工具可以有效提升开发效率。


现在我们来开始搭建ibatis环境:

1、导入包:ibatis-2.3.0.677.jar、mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar

ibatis需要导入的包很少,只需要导入ibatis的包以及驱动包即可


2、建立model类,这里需要一个不带参数的默认构造函数,因为包括Hibernate在内的映射都是使用反射的,如果没有无参构造可能会出现问题

public class Student {private int id;private String name;private Date birth;private float score;public Student() {}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Date getBirth() {return birth;}public void setBirth(Date birth) {this.birth = birth;}public float getScore() {return score;}public void setScore(float score) {this.score = score;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", birth=" + birth+ ", score=" + score + "]";}}
对应的数据库表为:



3、Student.xml,javabean的映射配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE sqlMap PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN""http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd"><sqlMap><!-- 通过typeAlias使得我们在下面使用Student实体类的时候不需要写包名 --><typeAlias alias="Student" type="com.entity.Student" /><!-- id表示select里的sql语句,resultClass表示返回结果的类型 --><select id="selectAllStudent" resultClass="Student">select * fromtbl_student</select><!-- parameterClass表示参数的内容 --><!-- #表示这是一个外部调用的需要传进的参数,可以理解为占位符 --><select id="selectStudentById" parameterClass="int" resultClass="Student">select * from tbl_student where id=#id#</select><!-- 注意这里的resultClass类型,使用Student类型取决于queryForList还是queryForObject --><select id="selectStudentByName" parameterClass="String"resultClass="Student">select name,birth,score from tbl_student where name like'%$name$%'</select><insert id="addStudent" parameterClass="Student">insert intotbl_student(name,birth,score) values(#name#,#birth#,#score#)<selectKey resultClass="int" keyProperty="id">SELECTLAST_INSERT_ID() AS inserted<!-- 这里需要说明一下不同的数据库主键的生成,对各自的数据库有不同的方式: --><!-- mysql:SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID() AS VALUE --><!-- mssql:select @@IDENTITY as value --><!-- oracle:SELECT STOCKIDSEQUENCE.NEXTVAL AS VALUE FROM DUAL --><!-- 还有一点需要注意的是不同的数据库生产商生成主键的方式不一样,有些是预先生成 (pre-generate)主键的,如Oracle和PostgreSQL。 有些是事后生成(post-generate)主键的,如MySQL和SQL Server 所以如果是Oracle数据库,则需要将selectKey写在insert之前 --></selectKey></insert><!-- #id#里的id可以随意取,但是上面的insert则会有影响,因为上面的name会从Student里的属性里去查找 --><delete id="deleteStudentById" parameterClass="int">delete fromtbl_student where id=#id#</delete><update id="updateStudent" parameterClass="Student">update tbl_student setname=#name#,birth=#birth#,score=#score# where id=#id#</update></sqlMap>


4、SqlMap.properties

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverurl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testusername=rootpassword=root

5、SqlMapConfig.xml,主配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN""http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd"><sqlMapConfig><properties resource="SqlMap.properties" /><transactionManager type="JDBC"><dataSource type="SIMPLE"><property name="JDBC.Driver" value="${driver}" /><property name="JDBC.ConnectionURL" value="${url}" /><property name="JDBC.Username" value="${username}" /><property name="JDBC.Password" value="${password}" /></dataSource></transactionManager><sqlMap resource="ibatisconfig/Student.xml" /></sqlMapConfig>

6、编写DAO类

StudentDao接口:

public interface StudentDao {/** * 添加学生信息 *  * @param student *            学生实体 * @return 返回是否添加成功 */public boolean addStudent(Student student);/** * 根据学生id删除学生信息 *  * @param id *            学生id * @return 删除是否成功 */public boolean deleteStudentById(int id);/** * 更新学生信息 *  * @param student *            学生实体 * @return 更新是否成功 */public boolean updateStudent(Student student);/** * 查询全部学生信息 *  * @return 返回学生列表 */public List<Student> selectAllStudent();/** * 根据学生姓名模糊查询学生信息 *  * @param name *            学生姓名 * @return 学生信息列表 */public List<Student> selectStudentByName(String name);/** * 根据学生id查询学生信息 *  * @param id *            学生id * @return 学生对象 */public Student selectStudentById(int id);}
StudentDaoImpl实现类:

public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {private static SqlMapClient sqlMapClient = null;static {try {Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("SqlMapConfig.xml");sqlMapClient = SqlMapClientBuilder.buildSqlMapClient(reader);reader.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublic boolean addStudent(Student student) {Object ob = null;boolean flag = false;try {ob = sqlMapClient.insert("addStudent", student);System.out.println("添加学生信息的返回值:" + ob);} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (ob != null) {flag = true;}return flag;}@Overridepublic boolean deleteStudentById(int id) {Object ob = null;boolean flag = false;try {ob = sqlMapClient.delete("deleteStudentById", id);System.out.println("删除学生信息的返回值:" + ob + ",这里返回的是影响的行数");} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (ob != null) {flag = true;}return flag;}@Overridepublic boolean updateStudent(Student student) {boolean flag = false;Object object = false;try {object = sqlMapClient.update("updateStudent", student);System.out.println("更新学生信息的返回值:" + object + ",返回影响的行数");} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (object != null) {flag = true;}return flag;}@Overridepublic List<Student> selectAllStudent() {List<Student> students = null;try {students = sqlMapClient.queryForList("selectAllStudent");} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return students;}@Overridepublic List<Student> selectStudentByName(String name) {List<Student> students = null;try {students = sqlMapClient.queryForList("selectStudentByName", name);} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return students;}@Overridepublic Student selectStudentById(int id) {Student student = null;try {student = (Student) sqlMapClient.queryForObject("selectStudentById", id);} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return student;}}

7、测试

public class TestIbatis {public static void main(String[] args) {StudentDaoImpl studentDaoImpl = new StudentDaoImpl();System.out.println("测试插入");Student addStudent = new Student();addStudent.setName("王五");addStudent.setBirth(Date.valueOf("2015-09-02"));addStudent.setScore(48);System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.addStudent(addStudent));System.out.println("测试根据id查询");System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.selectStudentById(1));System.out.println("测试模糊查询");List<Student> mohuLists = studentDaoImpl.selectStudentByName("李");for (Student student : mohuLists) {System.out.println(student);}System.out.println("测试查询所有");List<Student> students = studentDaoImpl.selectAllStudent();for (Student student : students) {System.out.println(student);}System.out.println("根据id删除学生信息");System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.deleteStudentById(1));System.out.println("测试更新学生信息");Student updateStudent = new Student();updateStudent.setId(6);updateStudent.setName("李四1");updateStudent.setBirth(Date.valueOf("2011-08-07"));updateStudent.setScore(21);System.out.println(studentDaoImpl.updateStudent(updateStudent));}}
控制台信息为:


成功运行!


项目结构为:





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