2015/08/12/HTTPURL中GET和POST/HTTPClient中的GET和POST

来源：互联网发布：个性域名大全编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/16 01:04

Web服务器的建立

HttpUrlConnection

HttpClient

1.在建立Web Project之后，对数据库进行连接时，必须要把SQL的jar包放入到WebContent的WEB-INF中lib的目录下面才可以正常的运行
导入位置
2.服务器的主要功能如图所示
这里写图片描述
3.构建服务器的代码

package com.baidu.test;import java.io.IOException;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.PreparedStatement;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.SQLException;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;/** * Servlet implementation class MyServerLet */@WebServlet("/MyServerLet")public class MyServerLet extends HttpServlet {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    /**     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()     */    public MyServerLet() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     */    /***     * 该方法能得到客户端提交的用户名和密码，     */    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        String username=request.getParameter("username");           //从网页中得到关键字username后面的内容        String passwrod=request.getParameter("password");           //从网页中得到关键字password后面的内容        username=EnCoding.doEncoding(username);                     //将username的编码个是转换为utf-8的格式        System.out.println("用户名:"+username+"密码为:"+passwrod);        String s="";        Connection conn=SQLManger.newInstance().getConnection();    //连接数据库        try {            //创建一个preparedStatement对象，从数据库中筛选username和password数据对            PreparedStatement state=conn.prepareStatement("select * from user where user_name=? and password=?");            state.setString(1, username);            state.setString(2, passwrod);            ResultSet set=state.executeQuery();            set.last();            int num=set.getRow();            if (num==1) {                s="登录成功";            }else{                s="用户名或密码错误";            }        } catch (SQLException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }//      try {//          Thread.sleep(10000);//      } catch (InterruptedException e) {//          // TODO Auto-generated catch block//          e.printStackTrace();//      }        response.setHeader("Content-type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");//      让浏览器以UTF-8编码格式解析        response.getWriter().append(s);//      response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     */    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        doGet(request, response);    }}package com.baidu.test;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;public class EnCoding {    /***     * 这个方法是用来将ISO-8859-1类型的字符转变为UTF-8类型的字符     * @param str   传入ISO-8859-1类型的字符串     * @return      返回UTF-8类型的字符     */    public static String doEncoding(String str){        try {            byte[] array=str.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");    //将传入的字符串转变为字节类型            str=new String(array, "UTF-8");             //将字节类型的数据转换为字符串类型        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return str;    }}package com.baidu.test;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.SQLException;public class SQLManger {    private Connection connection;    public Connection getConnection() {        return connection;    }    /**     * 单例设计模式     */    private static SQLManger manger;    public static synchronized SQLManger newInstance(){        if (manger==null) {            manger=new SQLManger();        }        return manger;    }    /***     * 该方法是用来连接指定url的数据库     * localhost可以写成别人的ip地址，这样就能连接到别人的数据库     */    private SQLManger (){        String driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/clazz";        String user="root";        String password="123456";        try {            Class.forName(driver);            connection=DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

HttpUrlConnection是sun封装成的网络连接，分的比较细，使用起来比较麻烦doGet 直接连接在URL后边是显示的
doPost 是隐式的提交，一般用于表格的提交

HttpClient 是Apache使用HttpUrlConnection封装的类，接口比较确定，使用起来比较方便

HttpUrlConnection和HttpClient 的程序例子

package com.baidu.url;import java.awt.EventQueue;import javax.swing.JFrame;import javax.swing.JPanel;import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;import javax.swing.JButton;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import javax.swing.JTextField;import javax.swing.JPasswordField;import javax.swing.JLabel;public class URLConnectionFinalText extends JFrame {    private JPanel contentPane;    private JTextField textFieldUserName;    private JPasswordField passwordField;    /**     * Launch the application.     */    public static void main(String[] args) {        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {            public void run() {                try {                    URLConnectionFinalText frame = new URLConnectionFinalText();                    frame.setVisible(true);                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });    }    /**     * Create the frame.     */    public URLConnectionFinalText() {        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);        setBounds(100, 100, 398, 433);        contentPane = new JPanel();        contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));        setContentPane(contentPane);        contentPane.setLayout(null);        JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("DoPost");        btnNewButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {                String userName=textFieldUserName.getText();                char[] pass=passwordField.getPassword();                String passWord=new String(pass);                String params="username="+userName+"&password="+passWord;                HTTPSetDoPost doPost=new HTTPSetDoPost();                doPost.HTTPDoPost(params);                          }        });        btnNewButton.setBounds(190, 193, 166, 52);        contentPane.add(btnNewButton);        JButton button = new JButton("退出");        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {                System.exit(0);            }        });        button.setBounds(10, 363, 362, 32);        contentPane.add(button);        textFieldUserName = new JTextField();        textFieldUserName.setBounds(122, 35, 176, 42);        contentPane.add(textFieldUserName);        textFieldUserName.setColumns(10);        passwordField = new JPasswordField();        passwordField.setBounds(122, 111, 176, 42);        contentPane.add(passwordField);        JLabel label = new JLabel("用户名");        label.setBounds(28, 48, 54, 15);        contentPane.add(label);        JLabel label_1 = new JLabel("密码");        label_1.setBounds(28, 124, 54, 15);        contentPane.add(label_1);        JButton btnDoget = new JButton("DoGet");        btnDoget.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {                String userName=textFieldUserName.getText();                char[] pass=passwordField.getPassword();                String passWord=new String(pass);                String urlString="http://localhost:8080/ElevenAugMyServer/MyServerLet?username="+userName+"&password="+passWord;                HTTPSetDoGet httpSetDoGet=new HTTPSetDoGet();                httpSetDoGet.doGet(urlString);            }        });        btnDoget.setBounds(10, 194, 155, 50);        contentPane.add(btnDoget);        JButton btnHttpclientdoget = new JButton("HTTPClientDoGet");        btnHttpclientdoget.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {                String userName=textFieldUserName.getText();                char[] pass=passwordField.getPassword();                String passWord=new String(pass);                String urlString="http://localhost:8080/ElevenAugMyServer/MyServerLet?username="+userName+"&password="+passWord;                HTTPClientDoGet httpClientDoGet=new HTTPClientDoGet();                httpClientDoGet.doGet(urlString);            }        });        btnHttpclientdoget.setBounds(10, 285, 155, 52);        contentPane.add(btnHttpclientdoget);        JButton btnHttpclientdopost = new JButton("HTTPClientDoPost");        btnHttpclientdopost.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {                String userName=textFieldUserName.getText();                char[] pass=passwordField.getPassword();                String passWord=new String(pass);                HTTPClientDoPost httpClientDoPost=new HTTPClientDoPost();                httpClientDoPost.doPost(userName, passWord);            }        });        btnHttpclientdopost.setBounds(184, 285, 172, 52);        contentPane.add(btnHttpclientdopost);    }}package com.baidu.url;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.StatusLine;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;public class HTTPClientDoGet {    /***     * 该方法是链接URL服务器利用，并用GET方法向服务器提交数据，设设置服务器接收数据后的读取方式为UTF-8     * 执行GET方法得到服务器的返回的所有数据都在response中     * @param urlString     传入包含用户名和密码的url     */    public void doGet(String urlString){//      String urlString="http://localhost:8080/ElevenAugMyServer/MyServerLet?username=ni&password=123456";        HttpClientBuilder bulider=HttpClientBuilder.create();               //由于不能直接创建HttpClientBuilder所以利用他的方法来创建这个实例        HttpClient client=bulider.build();                                  //利用build方法创建一个Httpclient实例（生成client）        HttpGet get=new HttpGet(urlString);                                 //生成url（设置为get方法）        get.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");//设置服务器接收后数据的读取方式为utf8        try {            HttpResponse response=client.execute(get);                      //执行get方法得到服务器的返回的所有数据都在response中            StatusLine statusLine=response.getStatusLine();                 //httpClient访问服务器返回的表头，包含http状态码            int code=statusLine.getStatusCode();                            //得到状态码            if (code==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {                HttpEntity entity=response.getEntity();                     //得到数据的实体                InputStream is=entity.getContent();                         //得到输入流                BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                String line=br.readLine();                while(line!=null){                    System.out.println(line);                    line=br.readLine();                }            }        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}package com.baidu.url;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;public class HTTPClientDoPost {    /***     * 该方法是链接URL服务器利用，并用post方法向服务器提交数据，设设置服务器接收数据后的读取方式为UTF-8     * 执行post方法得到服务器的返回的所有数据都在response中     * @param userName  传入用户名     * @param passWord  传入密码     */    public void doPost(String userName,String passWord){        String urlString="http://localhost:8080/ElevenAugMyServer/MyServerLet";        HttpClientBuilder builder=HttpClientBuilder.create();               //创建HttpClientBuilder        builder.setConnectionTimeToLive(3000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);       //设置链接超时        HttpClient client=builder.build();                                  //创建Client        HttpPost post=new HttpPost(urlString);                              //设置为Post方法        NameValuePair pair=new BasicNameValuePair("username" ,userName);    //        NameValuePair pair2=new BasicNameValuePair("password", passWord);   //        ArrayList<NameValuePair> params=new ArrayList<>();                  //创建ArrayList数组        params.add(pair);                                                   //添加元素        params.add(pair2);                                                  //添加元素        try {            post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));       //创建一个实体，将ArrayList封装为UTF-8的类型            post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");//设置服务器接收数据后的读取方式为UTF-8            HttpResponse response=client.execute(post);                     //执行post方法得到服务器的返回的所有数据都在response中            int code=response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();              //httpClient访问服务器返回的表头，包含http状态码，并得到状态码            if (code==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {                HttpEntity entity=response.getEntity();                InputStream is=entity.getContent();                BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                String line=br.readLine();                while(line!=null){                    System.out.println(line);                    line=br.readLine();                }            }        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}package com.baidu.url;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.ConnectException;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLConnection;public class HTTPSetDoGet {    /***     * 该方法是链接URL服务器利用，并用GET方法向服务器提交数据，设设置服务器接收数据后的读取方式为UTF-8     * 返回的数据显示到客户端上     * @param urlString     传入带有用户名和密码的URL     */    public void doGet(String urlString){//      String urlString="http://localhost:8080/ElevenAugMyServer/MyServerLet?username=ni&password=123456";        try {            URL url=new URL(urlString);                                         //生成URL链接            URLConnection urlConnection=url.openConnection();                   //打开URL链接            HttpURLConnection httpConnection=(HttpURLConnection) urlConnection; //强制造型成为HttpURLConnection            httpConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");                             //设置请求方法            httpConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000);                             //设置链接超时时间            httpConnection.setReadTimeout(3000);                                //读取时间超时            // 设置接受的数据类型            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");            // 设置可以接受序列化的java对象            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");            int code=httpConnection.getResponseCode();                          //获取HTTP状态码            System.out.println("HTTP状态码"+code);            if (code==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {                InputStream is=httpConnection.getInputStream();                BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                String line=br.readLine();                while(line!=null){                    System.out.println(line);                    line=br.readLine();                }            }        } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {            e1.printStackTrace();        }catch(SocketTimeoutException e1){            System.out.println("链接超时");        } catch(ConnectException e1){            System.out.println("服务器拒绝链接");        }catch (IOException e1) {            e1.printStackTrace();        }    }}package com.baidu.url;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.ConnectException;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLConnection;public class HTTPSetDoPost {    /***     * 该方法是打开URL连接到服务器，设置请求方式为POST，设置可读服务器返回的内容（默认为True）     * 设置客户端可以向服务器提交数据，默认是false，post方法必须设置为true     * 设置post方法不允许用缓存     * @param params    传入字符串中包含用户名和密码     */    public void HTTPDoPost(String params){        String urlString="http://localhost:8080/ElevenAugMyServer/MyServerLet";        try {            URL url=new URL(urlString);                                         //生成URL链接            URLConnection urlConnection=url.openConnection();                   //打开URL链接            HttpURLConnection httpConnection=(HttpURLConnection)urlConnection; //强制造型成为HttpURLConnection            httpConnection.setConnectTimeout(30000);                            //设置链接超时时间            httpConnection.setReadTimeout(30000);                               //读取时间超时            // 设置接受的数据类型            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");            // 设置可以接受序列化的java对象            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");            httpConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");                            //设置请求方法            httpConnection.setDoInput(true);                                    //设置可读取服务器返回的内容，默认为true            //设置客户端可以向服务端提交数据，默认是false，post方法必须设置为true            httpConnection.setDoOutput(true);                                               httpConnection.setUseCaches(false);                                 //post方法不允许用缓存            httpConnection.getOutputStream().write(params.getBytes());            int code=httpConnection.getResponseCode();                          //获取HTTP状态码            System.out.println("HTTP状态码"+code);            if (code==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {                InputStream is=httpConnection.getInputStream();                BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                String line=br.readLine();                while(line!=null){                    System.out.println(line);                    line=br.readLine();                }            }        } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {            e1.printStackTrace();        }catch(SocketTimeoutException e1){            System.out.println("链接超时");        } catch(ConnectException e1){            System.out.println("服务器拒绝链接");        }catch (IOException e1) {            e1.printStackTrace();        }    }}

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