CS/BS模式

来源：互联网发布：多益网络上市编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/17 04:01

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介绍

随着PC机的诞生与应用，计算模式从集中式（数据和应用程序在一台主机上）转向了分布式（数据和应用程序跨越多个节点机），尤为典型的是C/S结构（Client/Server的简称，客户机/服务器模式)。两层结构C/S模式，在上个世纪八十年代及九十年代初得到了大量应用,最直接的原因是可视化开发工具的推广。之后，它开始向三层结构发展。近来，随着网络技术不断发展，尤其是基于Web的信息发布和检索技术、Java计算技术以及网络分布式对象技术的飞速发展，导致了很多应用系统的体系结构从C/S结构向更加灵活的多级分布结构演变，使得软件系统的网络体系结构跨入一个新阶段，即B/S体系结构（Browser/Server的简称，浏览器/服务器模式）。基于Web的B/S方式其实也是一种客户机/服务器方式，只不过它的客户端是浏览器。为了区别于传统的C/S模式，才特意将其称为B/S（浏览器/服务器）模式。

结合今天知识点

Client

以下几个方法，相当于客户端，在做界面时用到了类 JFrame了解请点击！
界面的文本输入，按钮等都可以在这里面实现。
1、doGet
直接连接在url后面是显示的
GET 调用用于获取服务器信息，并将其做为响应返回给客户端。当经由Web浏览器或通过HTML、JSP直接访问Servlet的URL时，一般用GET调用。 GET调用在URL里显示正传送给SERVLET的数据，这在系统的安全方面可能带来一些问题，比如用户登录，表单里的用户名和密码需要发送到服务器端，若使用Get调用，就会在浏览器的URL中显示用户名和密码。

测试方法代码：

public class DoGet extends JFrame {    private JPanel contentPane;    /**     * Launch the application.     */    public static void main(String[] args) {        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {            public void run() {                try {                    DoGet frame = new DoGet();                    frame.setVisible(true);                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });    }    /**     * Create the frame.     */    public DoGet() {        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);        setBounds(100, 100, 350, 320);        contentPane = new JPanel();        contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));        setContentPane(contentPane);        contentPane.setLayout(null);        JButton btnDoget = new JButton("doGet方法测试");        btnDoget.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {                String urlString = "http://localhost:8080/MyServiceTest/MyTest?username=李三&password=11114";            //直接跟在url后是doGet方法                try {                    URL url = new URL(urlString);//生成URL                    URLConnection connect = url.openConnection();//打开url连接                    HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection) connect;//HttpUrlConnection 是sun封装成的网络连接                    httpConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");//设置请求方法                    httpConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000);//设置连接超时的时间                    httpConnection.setReadTimeout(3000);//读取时间超时                    // 设置编码方式，接受的数据类型                    httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");//使用utf-8编码格式将字节数组转化成字符串                    // 设置可以接受序列化的java对象                    httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                    int code = httpConnection.getResponseCode();//得到状态码                    System.out.println(code);                    if(code==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){//网络连接状态成功，那么下面读数据                        InputStream is = httpConnection.getInputStream();                        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                        String line = br.readLine();                        while(line!=null){                            System.out.println(line);                            line = br.readLine();                        }                    }                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                }                catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {                    System.out.println("连接超时");                    // TODO: handle exception                }                 catch (ConnectException e) {                    System.out.println("连接失败");                    // TODO: handle exception                }                catch (IOException e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });        btnDoget.setBounds(101, 86, 135, 98);        contentPane.add(btnDoget);    }}

2.HttpClientDoGet
HttpClient 是apache使用httpUrlConnection封装的类
方法的测试
代码如下：

public class HttpClinetdoGet extends JFrame {    private JPanel contentPane;    private JTextField textFieldUsername;    private JTextField textFieldPassword;    /**     * Launch the application.     */    public static void main(String[] args) {        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {            public void run() {                try {                    HttpClinetdoGet frame = new HttpClinetdoGet();                    frame.setVisible(true);                } catch (Exception e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });    }    /**     * Create the frame.     */    public HttpClinetdoGet() {        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);        setBounds(100, 100, 310, 301);        contentPane = new JPanel();        contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));        setContentPane(contentPane);        JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("New button");//按钮        btnNewButton.setBounds(95, 150, 93, 76);        btnNewButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {                String username = textFieldUsername.getText();//输入界面输入用户名和密码                String password = textFieldPassword.getText();                String urlString = "http://localhost:8080/MyServiceTest/MyTest?username="+username+"&password="+password+"";                HttpClientBuilder builder = HttpClientBuilder.create(); // 生成client的builder                builder.setConnectionTimeToLive(3000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);                HttpClient client = builder.build();//生成client                HttpGet get = new HttpGet(urlString);//设置为get方法                //设置服务器接收后数据的读取方式为utf-8                get.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");                try {                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);//执行get方法得到服务器的返回的所有数据都在response中                    StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();//httpClient访问服务器返回的表头，包含http状态码                    int code = statusLine.getStatusCode();//得到状态码                    if (code == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {                        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();//得到数据的实体                        InputStream is = entity.getContent();//得到输入流                        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                        String line = br.readLine();                        while (line != null) {                            System.out.println(line);                            line = br.readLine();                        }                    }                } catch (IOException e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        });        contentPane.setLayout(null);        contentPane.add(btnNewButton);        textFieldUsername = new JTextField();        textFieldUsername.setBounds(107, 40, 66, 21);        contentPane.add(textFieldUsername);        textFieldUsername.setColumns(10);        textFieldPassword = new JTextField();        textFieldPassword.setBounds(107, 104, 66, 21);        contentPane.add(textFieldPassword);        textFieldPassword.setColumns(10);    }}

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3、DoPost
它用于客户端把数据传送到服务器端，也会有副作用。但好处是可以隐藏传送给服务器的任何数据。Post适合发送大量的数据。
主要Java代码如下：

JButton btnPost = new JButton("Post方法测试");        btnPost.setBounds(84, 140, 152, 90);        btnPost.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {                String urlString = "http://localhost:8080/MyServiceTest/MyTest";                //直接跟在url后是doGet方法                    try {                        URL url = new URL(urlString);//生成URL                        URLConnection connect = url.openConnection();//打开url连接                        HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection) connect;                        httpConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");//设置请求方法                        httpConnection.setConnectTimeout(30000);//设置连接超时的时间                        httpConnection.setReadTimeout(30000);//读取时间超时                        // 设置编码方式，接受的数据类型                        httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");                        // 设置可以接受序列化的java对象                        httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");                        httpConnection.setDoInput(true);//设置可以读取服务器返回的内容，默认是true                        httpConnection.setDoOutput(true);//设置客户端可以给服务器提交数据，默认是false。post方法必须设置为true                        httpConnection.setUseCaches(false);//post方法不允许使用缓存                        String username = textFieldUsername.getText();                        String password = textFieldPassowrd.getText();                        String params = "username="+username+"&password="+password;                        //String params = "username=lisi&password=1234";                        httpConnection.getOutputStream().write(params.getBytes());                        int code = httpConnection.getResponseCode();                        System.out.println(code);                        if(code==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){                            InputStream is = httpConnection.getInputStream();                            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                            String line = br.readLine();                            while(line!=null){                                System.out.println(line);                                line = br.readLine();                            }                        }                    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block                        e.printStackTrace();                    }                    catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {                        System.out.println("连接超时");                        // TODO: handle exception                    }                     catch (ConnectException e) {                        System.out.println("连接失败");                        // TODO: handle exception                    }                    catch (IOException e) {                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block                        e.printStackTrace();                    }            }        });        contentPane.setLayout(null);        contentPane.add(btnPost);

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4、HttpClientDoPost
主要Java代码如下

JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("New button");        btnNewButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {            /* (non-Javadoc)             * @see java.awt.event.ActionListener#actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent)             */            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {                String url = "http://localhost:8080/MyServiceTest/MyTest";                HttpClientBuilder builder = HttpClientBuilder.create(); // 生成client的builder                builder.setConnectionTimeToLive(3000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);                HttpClient client = builder.build();//生成client                HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);                NameValuePair pair1 = new BasicNameValuePair("username", "小孩");                NameValuePair pair2 = new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456");                ArrayList<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();                params.add(pair1);                params.add(pair2);                try {                    post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"));                    post.setHeader("Content", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charser=UTF-8");                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);                    int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();                    if(code==200){                        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();                        InputStream is = entity.getContent();                        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));                        String line = br.readLine();                        if(line!=null){                            System.out.println(line);                            line = br.readLine();                        }                    }                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e1.printStackTrace();                } catch (ClientProtocolException e1) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e1.printStackTrace();                } catch (IOException e1) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e1.printStackTrace();                }            }        });        btnNewButton.setBounds(114, 145, 93, 55);        contentPane.add(btnNewButton);

Servlet

1、首先要有SQLManager类，与数据库建立连接

public class SQLManager {    private Statement statement;    private Connection con;    public Connection getCon() {        return con;    }    public void setCon(Connection con) {        this.con = con;    }    public Statement getStatement() {        return statement;    }    public void setStatement(Statement statement) {        this.statement = statement;    }    private static SQLManager manager;    public static synchronized SQLManager newInstance() {        if (manager == null) {            manager = new SQLManager();        }        return manager;    }    private SQLManager() {        // 导入数据库jar的驱动        String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";        // URL指向要访问的数据库名        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/clazz";        // mysql配置时的用户名        String user = "root";        // Java连接mysql配置时的密码        String password = "123456";        try {            Class.forName(driver);// 加载驱动            con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);// 与数据库建立连接            // 数据库操作类            statement = con.createStatement();            System.out.println("执行完成");        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SQLException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

2、为了防止出现乱码，建立一个转码类

public class Encoding {//这个类是用来转码，就不会出现乱码了     public static String doEncoding(String string){         try {            byte[] array = string.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");//接口            string = new String(array,"UTF-8");        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }         return string;     }}

3、Servlet类

/** * Servlet implementation class MyTest */@WebServlet("/MyTest")public class MyTest extends HttpServlet {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    /**     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()     */    public MyTest() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse     *      response)     */    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub        String username = request.getParameter("username");        String password = request.getParameter("password");        username = Encoding.doEncoding(username);//转码        String s = "用户名：" + username + " 密码：" + password;        System.out.println(s);        Connection con = SQLManager.newInstance().getCon();        try {            if (!con.isClosed()) {                PreparedStatement state = con.prepareStatement("select * from user where user_name=? and password=?");                state.setString(1, username);                state.setString(2, password);                ResultSet set = state.executeQuery();                set.last();                int num = set.getRow();                System.out.println("查询结果：" + num);                if(num==1){                    System.out.println("登陆成功");                }else{                    System.out.println("用户名或密码错误");                }            }        } catch (SQLException e1) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e1.printStackTrace();        }//      try {//          Thread.sleep(10000);//      } catch (InterruptedException e) {//          // TODO Auto-generated catch block//          e.printStackTrace();//      }        response.setHeader("Content-type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");        response.getWriter().append(s);    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse     *      response)     */    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub        doGet(request, response);    }}

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