iOS UI16_数据持久化

////  Student.h//  UI16_数据持久化////  Created by dllo on 15/8/19.//  Copyright (c) 2015年 zhozhicheng. All rights reserved.//#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#pragma mark 如果想实现归档和反归档的操作需要先签订一个协议NSCoding@interface Student : NSObject<NSCoding>@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *name;@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *sex;@property(nonatomic,assign)NSInteger age;@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *hobby;//针对这四条属性,写一个自定义初始化方法和便利构造器-(instancetype)initWithName:(NSString *)name                sex:(NSString *)sex                age:(NSInteger)age              hobby:(NSString *)hobby;+(instancetype)studentWithName:(NSString *)name                 sex:(NSString *)sex                 age:(NSInteger)age               hobby:(NSString *)hobby;@end

////  Student.m//  UI16_数据持久化////  Created by dllo on 15/8/19.//  Copyright (c) 2015年 zhozhicheng. All rights reserved.//#import "Student.h"@implementation Student-(instancetype)initWithName:(NSString *)name                sex:(NSString *)sex                age:(NSInteger)age              hobby:(NSString *)hobby{    self=[super init];    if (self) {        _age =age;        _name =name;        _hobby =hobby;        _sex =sex;    }    return self;}+(instancetype)studentWithName:(NSString *)name                           sex:(NSString *)sex                           age:(NSInteger)age                         hobby:(NSString *)hobby{    Student *stu = [[Student alloc] initWithName:name sex:sex age:age hobby:hobby];    return stu;}#pragma mark 签订完NSCoding协议之后,需要实现两个协议方法,一个是归档的时候使用的,一个是反归档的时候使用的- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder{    [aCoder encodeObject:self.name forKey:@"姓名"];    [aCoder encodeInteger:self.age forKey:@"年龄"];    [aCoder encodeObject:self.hobby forKey:@"爱好"];    [aCoder encodeObject:self.sex forKey:@"性别"];    //使用encode方法要和数据的类型相互匹配}- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder{    self = [super init];    if (self) {        //把数据根据之前的key再反编译回来        self.name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"姓名"];        self.age = [aDecoder decodeIntegerForKey:@"年龄"];        self.hobby = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"爱好"];        self.sex = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"性别"];    }    return self;}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.}@end

////  ViewController.m//  UI16_数据持久化////  Created by dllo on 15/8/19.//  Copyright (c) 2015年 zhozhicheng. All rights reserved.//#import "ViewController.h"#import "Student.h"@interface ViewController ()@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.    //苹果手机为了保证自己数据上的绝对安全,设计了沙盒文件,每一个应用程序上都配备了自己的沙盒文件,每一次运行,文件夹的名字就会变成一个没有任何规律的字符串    //第一个参数:当前要前往那一个文件夹,前往documents文件用NSDocuemtDirectory,64行那个,还可以前往caches文件夹,对应68行    //第二个参数:访问的文件夹类型,指定访问是用户文件夹    //第三个参数:绝对路径(YES),相对路径(NO)    //绝对路径是给系统使用的,系统可以根据当前的路径找到文件夹,我们在操作文件夹时是绝对路径    //相对路径只会把要前往的文件夹显示,其他部分都是~,告诉程序员要去哪个文件夹//    NSArray *sandbox =NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);//    NSLog(@"%@",sandbox[0]);    //沙盒里一共有三个文件    //1.是Documents文件:主要用来存储用户的想要存储的一些信息,比如收藏的信息或者自己设置的一些内容,所以我们做收藏功能就是前往这个文件夹里写文件    //2.Library文件夹里是方便程序开发者的,主要操作它里面的两个文件夹,caches和Preferences    //caches:用来保存缓存文件,SDWebImage会把图片加到缓存文件中,所以清除缓存功能就是把这个文件夹删除    //Preferences:一般来保存程序员设置的信息,比如NSUserDefults就会把数据保存在这个文件夹里    //3.tmp文件:一般存放临时内容    //之前在沙盒里还有一个.app文件,在新的版本里已经被移走了    //把简单对象写入到本地,简单对象指的是NSString,NSArray//    //1.先通过数组获取沙盒路径//    NSArray *sandbox = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);//    //从数组里获取沙盒路径//    NSString *sandBoxPath =sandbox[0];//    //要给写入的文件拼接一个路径,拼接方式有两种////    NSString *documentPath = [sandBoxPath stringByAppendingString:@"/顾宇.txt"];//    //    NSString *documentPath = [sandBoxPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"顾宇.xml"];//    NSLog(@"%@",documentPath);//    NSString *str = @"书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟";//    //把字符串写入到本地//    //第一个参数:文件要保存的路径//    //第二个参数:对文件进行保护YES//    //第三个参数:编码//    //第四个参数,错误信息//    [str writeToFile:documentPath atomically:YES encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];//    //如果路径下有对应的文件,则会把原来文件覆盖,如果没有则创建一个新文件//    //把沙盒文件读出来//    NSString *temoStr = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:documentPath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];//    NSLog(@"%@",temoStr);//    //把数组写入到本地//    NSArray *arr =@[@"1",@"2",@"3",@"4",@"5",@"6"];//    //通过数组获取沙盒地址//    NSArray *sandbox = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);//    //用字符串保存沙盒路径//    NSString *sandboxPath = sandbox[0];//    //给要写入的文件拼接路径//    NSString *documentPath = [sandboxPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"哈哈.plist"];//    //把数组写入到本地//    [arr writeToFile:documentPath atomically:YES];//    NSLog(@"%@",documentPath);//    //    //把数组读出来//    NSArray *temp = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:documentPath];//    NSLog(@"%@",temp);//    //把字典写入到本地//    NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"1",@"2", nil];//    NSArray *sandbox = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);//    NSString *sandboxPath = sandbox[0];//    NSString *documentPath = [sandboxPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"嘿嘿"];//    [dic writeToFile:documentPath atomically:YES];//    NSLog(@"%@",documentPath);//    //    NSDictionary *temp = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:documentPath];//    NSLog(@"%@",temp);    //复杂对象写入到本地,主要指我们自己创建的对象写入到本地,也叫归档和犯反归档操作    //创建对象呢//    Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithName:@"张三" sex:@"男" age:14 hobby:@"玩"];//    //1.通过数组获取沙盒路径//    NSArray *sandbox = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);//    //2.用字符串截取沙盒路径//    NSString *sandBoxPath = sandbox[0];//    //3.拼接文件夹路径,这个文件夹扩展名是任意的//    NSString *decomentPath = [sandBoxPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"学生.avi"];//    //对对象进行归档操作//    //第一个参数:要实施归档的对象//    //第二个参数:路径//    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:stu1 toFile:decomentPath];//    NSLog(@"%@",decomentPath);//    //    //反归档//    Student *newStu = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:decomentPath];//    NSLog(@"%@",newStu.name);//    //创建三个学生//    Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithName:@"张三" sex:@"男" age:14 hobby:@"玩"];//    Student *stu2 = [Student studentWithName:@"李四" sex:@"女" age:15 hobby:@"睡觉"];//    Student *stu3 = [Student studentWithName:@"神六" sex:@"男" age:16 hobby:@"唱歌"];//    NSArray *array = @[stu1,stu2,stu3];//    //    NSArray *sandbox = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, 1, YES);//    NSString *sandboxPath = sandbox[0];//    //拼接文件路径//    NSString *documentPath = [sandboxPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"曹军.plist"];//    //归档操作//    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:array toFile:documentPath];//    NSLog(@"%@",documentPath);//    //    //反归档,遍历学生姓名//    NSArray *arr = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:documentPath];//    for (Student *temp in arr) {//        NSLog(@"%@",temp.name);//    }#warning 总结:数据持久化的步骤    //1.指定前往那一个文件夹    //2.用字符串接收路径    //3.拼接文件路径    //4.写入本地或归档操作    //注;如果是复杂对象归档,要签订NSCoding协议,并且实现两个协议方法,放在数组里的复杂对象归档也要签协议//    NSUserDefaults *defaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];//    [defaults setObject:@"123456" forKey:@"password"];//    NSArray *sandBox = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, 1, YES);//    NSLog(@"%@",sandBox[0]);//    NSLog(@"%@",[defaults objectForKey:@"password"]);    //NSUserDefaults一般存放的是小的数据,比如字符串等,它的用法和字典类似    //通过文件管理者对文件夹进行操作    NSArray *sandBox = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, 1, YES);    NSString *sandBoxPath =sandBox[0];    //创建一个文件管理者    NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];    //给要创建的文件夹拼接一个路径    NSString *filePath = [sandBoxPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"guyu"];    //文件夹的名不需要扩展名    //通过manager进行文件夹的创建    [manager createDirectoryAtPath:filePath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];    NSLog(@"%@",filePath);    //向文件夹里写入一个字符串    NSString *documentPath = [filePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"字符串.txt"];    NSString *str = @"我是字符串";    [str writeToFile:documentPath atomically:YES encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];    //移除文件夹//    [manager removeItemAtPath:filePath error:nil];//    //清除缓存    NSArray *cache = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, 1, YES);    NSString *cachePath =cache[0];    [manager removeItemAtPath:cachePath error:nil];}@end