linux命令技巧

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ cat lgrw.txt

cat: lgrw.txt: No such file or directory

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ ^rw^wr

cat lgwr.txt

18:03:19.703928 times({tms_utime=27, tms_stime=18, tms_cutime=0, tms_cstime=0}) = 433678186

18:03:19.704111 semtimedop(1900546, {{15, -1, 0}}, 1, {1, 660000000}) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)

18:03:21.364682 getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, {ru_utime={0, 278957}, ru_stime={0, 184971}, ...}) = 0

18:03:21.364760 getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, {ru_utime={0, 278957}, ru_stime={0, 184971}, ...}) = 0

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ history --10

-bash: history: --: invalid option

history: usage: history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -anrw [filename] or history -ps arg [arg...]

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ ^--

history 10

 1002  ls -lte

 

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo mount /dev/mapper/vg0-lv1 /data1

mount /dev/mapper/vg0-lv1 /data1

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ !:gs/1/2

echo mount /dev/mapper/vg0-lv2 /data2

mount /dev/mapper/vg0-lv2 /data2

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ 

引用命令行

![!|[?]string|[-]number]

:[n|x-y|^|$|*|n*|%]:[h|t|r|e|p|s|g]

-------选择word---- ----修饰符-----

!! ---上一条命令

!cat 以cat开头的命令

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ !cat

cat /etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

!?cat 含cat的命令

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ !?cat

cat /etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nolog

!n 第 n 个命令

!-n 倒数第 n 个命令

!$ 上条命令最后一位

!^ 上条命令第一位

!:n 上条命令第 n 位

!:x-y 上条命令 x - y

!:n* 上条 n 到最后

!* 上条所有参数

:h 选取路径开头

:t 选取路径结尾

:r 选取文件名

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo a.txt

a.txt

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ !$:t

a.txt

-bash: a.txt: command not found

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo !$:r

echo a

a

:e 选取扩展名

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo abc.jpg

abc.jpg

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo !$:e

echo .jpg

.jpg

:p 打印命令行

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ !e:p

echo .jpg

[oracle@rh64 ~]

:s 做替换

% echo this that

% !:s/is/e

echo the that

惯用法: ^is^e

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo this that

this that

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ !:s/is/e

echo the that

the that

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ ^is^e

-bash: :s^is^e: substitution failed

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo this that

this that

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ ^is^e

echo the that

the that

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ 

:g 做全局替换

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ echo abcd abef

abcd abef

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ !:gs/ab/cd

echo cdcd cdef

cdcd cdef

[oracle@rh64 ~]$ 

深入阅读

- bash: man history

- Bash Reference Manual:

  https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/index.html

- Book: Unix Power Tools