Oracle分析函数系列之first_value/last_value：在记录集中查找第一条记录和最后一条记录

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[转自] http://blog.csdn.net/rfb0204421/article/details/7675911

注意:与max,min的区别,虽然也可以实现,但只是针对数字字段.

1、初始化原始数据：

create table test (id number(2), name varchar2(10), salary number(6,2));insert into test values (1,'Tom',120);insert into test values (2,'Ellen',240);insert into test values (2,'Joe',80);insert into test values (3,'Andy',300);insert into test values (3,'Kary',500);insert into test values (3,'Erick',1300);insert into test values (3,'Hou',40);insert into test values (3,'Mary',200);insert into test values (3,'Secooler',800);commit;select * from test order by ID,name; ID NAME         SALARY--- ---------- --------  1 Tom          120.00  2 Ellen        240.00  2 Joe           80.00  3 Andy         300.00  3 Erick       1300.00  3 Hou           40.00  3 Kary         500.00  3 Mary         200.00  3 Secooler     800.00

2、LAST_VALUE分析函数的简单用法
（1）在TEST表中添加一列，标识每一个数据分区中薪水最高的人名。

select ID, name, salary, LAST_VALUE(name) OVER (partition by ID order by salary ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) as highest_sal_name from test order by ID, name; ID NAME         SALARY HIGHEST_SAL_NAME--- ---------- -------- ----------------  1 Tom          120.00 Tom  2 Ellen        240.00 Ellen  2 Joe           80.00 Ellen  3 Andy         300.00 Erick  3 Erick       1300.00 Erick  3 Hou           40.00 Erick  3 Kary         500.00 Erick  3 Mary         200.00 Erick  3 Secooler     800.00 Erick

注意其中“ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING”的使用，若省略效果如下。

select ID, name, salary, LAST_VALUE(name) OVER (partition by ID order by salary) as highest_sal_name from test order by ID,name; ID NAME         SALARY HIGHEST_SAL_NAME--- ---------- -------- ----------------  1 Tom          120.00 Tom  2 Ellen        240.00 Ellen  2 Joe           80.00 Joe  3 Andy         300.00 Andy  3 Erick       1300.00 Erick  3 Hou           40.00 Hou  3 Kary         500.00 Kary  3 Mary         200.00 Mary  3 Secooler     800.00 Secooler

显然这不是我们想要的效果:(，这是为什么呢~~~？给您一次思考和回答的机会。
如果对UNBOUNDED PRECEDING和UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING不熟悉，请参考Oracle官方文档“windowing_clause”http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/functions001.htm#i97640。

在TEST表中添加一列，标识每一个数据分区中薪水最高的薪水值。

col highest_sal_name for 9999select ID, name, salary, LAST_VALUE(SALARY) OVER (partition by ID order by salary ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) as highest_sal_name from test order by ID, name; ID NAME         SALARY HIGHEST_SAL_NAME--- ---------- -------- ----------------  1 Tom          120.00              120  2 Ellen        240.00              240  2 Joe           80.00              240  3 Andy         300.00             1300  3 Erick       1300.00             1300  3 Hou           40.00             1300  3 Kary         500.00             1300  3 Mary         200.00             1300  3 Secooler     800.00             1300

3、与之相对应的是FIRST_VALUE函数

select ID, name, salary, FIRST_VALUE(name) OVER (partition by ID order by salary ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) as highest_sal_name from test order by ID, name; ID NAME         SALARY HIGHEST_SAL_NAME--- ---------- -------- ----------------  1 Tom          120.00 Tom  2 Ellen        240.00 Joe  2 Joe           80.00 Joe  3 Andy         300.00 Hou  3 Erick       1300.00 Hou  3 Hou           40.00 Hou  3 Kary         500.00 Hou  3 Mary         200.00 Hou  3 Secooler     800.00 Hou

select ID, name, salary, FIRST_VALUE(SALARY) OVER (partition by ID order by salary ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) as highest_sal_name from test order by ID, name; ID NAME         SALARY HIGHEST_SAL_NAME--- ---------- -------- ----------------  1 Tom          120.00              120  2 Ellen        240.00               80  2 Joe           80.00               80  3 Andy         300.00               40  3 Erick       1300.00               40  3 Hou           40.00               40  3 Kary         500.00               40  3 Mary         200.00               40  3 Secooler     800.00               40

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