定义和使用字典资源(ResourceDictionary)

使用字典资源一般有三个方面的内容。

1、首先需要创建一个资源字典的文件，也就是一个xaml的文件。

文件的语法格式如下

Test.xaml

<pre name="code" class="html"><ResourceDictionary<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:chartingToolkit="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Charting;assembly=System.Win<span style="white-space:pre"></span>dows.Controls.DataVisualization.Toolkit"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:visualizationToolkit="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization;assembly=System.Windows<span style="white-space:pre"></span>.Controls.DataVisualization.Toolkit"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!--定义样式资源--><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Style x:Key="TextBlockStyle1" TargetType="TextBlock"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Orange"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Setter Property="FontSize" Value="24"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Bottom"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></Style><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!--定义数据模板资源--><span style="white-space:pre"></span><DataTemplate x:Key="cityDetails"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Grid><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Grid.ColumnDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ColumnDefinition Width="90"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></Grid.ColumnDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Grid.RowDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><RowDefinition /><span style="white-space:pre"></span><RowDefinition /><span style="white-space:pre"></span></Grid.RowDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><TextBlock Text="Activity: "<span style="white-space:pre"></span>   Grid.Column="0"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>   Grid.Row="0"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>   Style="{StaticResource detailsSmallTitle}"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><TextBlock Text="{Binding Activity}"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>   Grid.Column="1"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>   Grid.Row="0"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>  <span style="white-space:pre"></span>   Style="{StaticResource detailsSmallText}"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span>……<span style="white-space:pre"></span></Grid><span style="white-space:pre"></span></DataTemplate><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!--定义控件模板资源--><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ControlTemplate x:Key="ControlTemplateTest"<span style="white-space:pre"></span> TargetType="chartingToolkit:Chart"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Grid><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Grid.ColumnDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ColumnDefinition Width="*"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></Grid.ColumnDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Grid.RowDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><RowDefinition Height="Auto"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span><RowDefinition Height="*"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></Grid.RowDefinitions><span style="white-space:pre"></span><visualizationToolkit:Title Grid.ColumnSpan="2"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>Content="{TemplateBinding Title}"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>Style="{TemplateBinding TitleStyle}"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span>……<span style="white-space:pre"></span></Grid><span style="white-space:pre"></span></ControlTemplate></ResourceDictionary>

Style的x:Key属性是资源字典里面的资源的唯一的标示符，也是作为在其他页面调用的一个唯一的Key来进行调用。

2、调用资源资源中的资源

在MainPage.xaml页面中添加资源字典，语法如下

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage.Resources><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ResourceDictionary><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ResourceDictionary Source="Test.xaml"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries><span style="white-space:pre"></span></ResourceDictionary></phone:PhoneApplicationPage.Resources>

ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries   获取 ResourceDictionary 字典的集合，这些字典构成了合并字典中的各种资源字典。 

如果想在程序启动时加载所有的资源，可以再App.xaml页面上添加资源的加载，语法如下

<Application<span style="white-space:pre"></span>x:Class="DataVisualizationOnWindowsPhone.App"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><Application.Resources><span style="white-space:pre"></span><!-- 添加资源 --><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ResourceDictionary><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries><span style="white-space:pre"></span><ResourceDictionary Source="Test.xaml"/><span style="white-space:pre"></span></ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries><span style="white-space:pre"></span></ResourceDictionary><span style="white-space:pre"></span></Application.Resources><span style="white-space:pre"></span>……</Application>

3、使用字典资源中的资源

在MainPage.xaml页面中的控件调用自定义的资源，语法如下

调用字典资源中x:Key值为TextBlockStyle1的样式资源

<StackPanel x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0"><span style="white-space:pre"></span><TextBlock Text="Some Text" Style="{StaticResource TextBlockStyle1}"/></StackPanel>

调用字典资源中x:Key值为cityDetails的数据模板资源

<ContentControl ContentTemplate="{StaticResource cityDetails}"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>HorizontalAlignment="Left"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>x:Name="DetailsControl" Margin="0,0,0,5"/>

调用字典资源中x:Key值为ControlTemplateTest的控件模板资源

<charting:Chart x:Name="myChart"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>Style="{StaticResource PhoneChartStyle}"<span style="white-space:pre"></span>Template="{StaticResource ControlTemplateTest}"><span style="white-space:pre"></span>……</charting:Chart>

也可以在cs页面调用字典资源，语法如下

ControlTemplate template;template = Application.Current.Resources["ControlTemplateTest"] as ControlTemplate;myChart.Template = template;

更多的介绍请参考MSDN的Silverlight资源字典介绍