Android第九讲——网络(四) 文件的下载(单线程下载、多线程下载)

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我们学习了连接网络与服务器后不只是仅仅上一些网页,与服务器进行交流。我们还可以从网上下载文件(Download)

文件的下载分为多种:
1.单线程下载
2.多线程下载
3.多线程断点续传

单线程下载

首先我们来看单线程下载:
文件的下载需要时间的,所以文件的Download属于耗时操作,故而不能将它放在UI主线程中,也是需要Handler或者异步线程(AsyncTask)
本次为AsyncTask
1.首先显示连接服务器。
2.通过GetContentLength获取要下载的文件的长度。
3.得到输入流,用来读取文件。
4.创建文件名
5.通过FileOutputStream(file)向创建的文件中写入下载的文件
6.UI主线程调用异步线程

    /**     * 单线程下载的线程     */    class DownLoadSingleTask extends AsyncTask<String,Integer,String>{        @Override        protected String doInBackground(String... params) {            try {                URL url = new URL("http://192.168.***.**:8080/HTTpTest_Servelet/music/SetMeFree.mp3");                URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();                int length =connection.getContentLength();//获取内容的长度                InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();                File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"Set Me Free.mp3");//创建文件夹                if (!file.exists()){                    file.createNewFile();                }                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);                byte[] array = new byte[1024];//缓存区,用于缓存读取的数据                int i = is.read(array);                int sum = 0;                while (i!=-1){                    fos.write(array);                    sum += i;                    publishProgress(length,sum);                    i = is.read(array);                }                fos.flush();                fos.close();                is.close();            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            } catch (IOException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }            return null;        }

在UI主线程中调用AsyncTask

            case R.id.button_download_single:                DownLoadSingleTask task = new DownLoadSingleTask();                task.execute();                break;

多线程下载

有时文件较大,用一个线程下载文件时会消耗很多时间,通过多线程能够缩短文件下载的时间。
多线程的工作流程:(三线程的)
多线程下载:用for循环创建多个线程
打开网络连接—>得到数据长度—>长度除以线程数—>写入文件
connection.setRequestProperty(“Range”, “bytes=” + start + “-” + end);//设置头信息的,比如格式,UA等,不设置自然有默认的,一般的请求倒不需要去设置,可以去看看android里的DefaultHttpClient里也有设置头信息的
RandomAccessFile (文件路径,”rw”)
seek(start) 之后再写文件
这里写图片描述
1.主线程调一个线程为了用来连接网络(服务器)
2.单独写一个线程,用来多线程下载。主要有文件地址url,每个线程下载的起始位置start,每个线程下载的末尾位置end,下载后的文件File

/** * 多线程下载的线程 * Created by Went_Gone on 2015/9/12. */public class MulitDownloadThread extends Thread{    private int start;    private int end;    private String urlPath;    private File file;    private int sum;    public int getSum() {        return sum;    }    public MulitDownloadThread( int start, int end, String urlPath, File file) {        this.start = start;        this.end = end;        this.urlPath = urlPath;        this.file = file;    }    @Override    public void run() {        try {            URL url = new URL(urlPath);            URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();            connection.setAllowUserInteraction(true);            connection.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + start + "-" + end);//设置头信息的,比如格式,UA等,不设置自然有默认的,一般的请求倒不需要去设置,可以去看看android里的DefaultHttpClient里也有设置头信息的            InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();            RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file.getAbsolutePath(),"rw");//随机访问文件的读写,第一个参数是文件的路径            raf.seek(start);            byte[] array = new byte[1024];            int index = is.read(array);            while (index!=-1){                raf.write(array,0,index);                sum+=index;                index = is.read(array);            }            Log.d("Mulit",this.getName()+"  "+sum+"");//用来检验是不是多线程下载            raf.close();            is.close();        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

在Activity中。

    /**     * 多线程下载     */    private void MulitDownload() {        new Thread(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                try {                    String urlPath = "http://192.168.***.*:8080/HTTpTest_Servelet/music/SetMeFree.mp3";//                    String urlPath = "http://img1.cache.netease.com/catchpic/6/6C/6C1F6740B3ECD7CC23C9E70B0C04B6C0.jpg";//                    String urlPath = "http://p.gdown.baidu.com/a7171b404c2b222af1cb5a3eca249e36e4ffb41e33c741e8fee67227b09cfd84cf4d133189ea79f032759a367b6d3dda9658d02aae07f2b8dc82b1c2c1169460e528cbd7742a45f9e7fe69eb61959bf3e9e537b5cb5f221b49366ca7af9d625ec9b0d991e96240723ddbfad0177b32ae8ab3c4903216bf582093102d7e6c0d3e78658f3a92c078ffe4dc7ed9e29a20192eba2f785430ca3b4c7b695578dd010ad7fcc6499ee3cfa2bed4d0ba07edaa1097957a4a96ee7e397976dc6060f9902ee34f85506a484274";                    URL url = new URL(urlPath);                    URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();                    length =connection.getContentLength();//获取内容的长度                    File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"Set Me Free aa.mp3");//                    File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"tanyan.jpg");//                    File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"QQyinyue.apk");                    if (!file.exists()){                        file.createNewFile();                    }                    MulitDownloadThread[] threads = new MulitDownloadThread[3];//用于管理下载线程                    for (int i = 0;i<3;i++) {                        MulitDownloadThread thread = null;                        if (i==2){                            thread = new MulitDownloadThread(length / 3 * 2, length, urlPath, file);                        }else {                            thread = new MulitDownloadThread(length / 3 * i, length / 3 * (i + 1)-1, urlPath, file);                        }                        thread.start();                        threads[i] = thread;                    }                    boolean isFinish = true;                    int sum = 0;                    while (isFinish){                        for (MulitDownloadThread thread:threads) {                            sum += thread.getSum();                        }                        Message msg = handler.obtainMessage();                        msg.what = MULITE;                        msg.arg1 = sum;                        handler.sendMessage(msg);                        if (sum==length){                            isFinish = false;                        }                        Thread.sleep(200);                    }                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                } catch (IOException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                } catch (InterruptedException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        }).start();    }

UI主线程中不能使用其他线程控制View,这里用Handler

    private Handler handler = new Handler(){        @Override        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            switch (msg.what){                case MULITE:                    mProgressBar.setProgress((int) (msg.arg1*100.0/length));                    break;            }        }    };
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