XML解析

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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">XML解析是JAVA中重要的技术之一。下面主要以一个小例子来呈现出JAVA中对XML文档的解析方式，此处以DOM(Document Object Model)解析技术为例。</span>

首先新建一个java项目，取名为corejava。此处例子是为了解析xml文档，那么就要建一个xml标准文档：在corejava目录下新建一个文件夹，取名为res，再在res目录下新建一个文件夹，取名为xml，再在文件夹xml目录下新建一个xml文档，并取名为student.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><students>    <student>        <name>LiLei</name>        <age>23</age>    </student>    <student>        <name>HanMei</name>        <age>22</age>    </student></students>

然后在src目录下新建包与java文件，具体如下所示：

其中，Student文件内容如下所示：

package com.hyc.corejava.bean;/** * Created by huashuncai on 15/9/16. */public class Student {    public static final String XML_TAG = "student";    public static final String XML_NAME_TAG = "name";    public static final String XML_AGE_TAG = "age";    private String name;    private String age;    public Student() {    }    public Student(String name, String age) {        this.name = name;        this.age = age;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(String age) {        this.age = age;    }}

XMLUtil、Test的文件内容具体如下所示：

package com.hyc.corejava.xml;import com.hyc.corejava.bean.Student;import org.w3c.dom.Document;import org.w3c.dom.Element;import org.w3c.dom.Node;import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;import org.xml.sax.SAXException;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * Created by huashuncai on 15/9/16. */public class XMLUtil {    /**     * XML文档的根元素     *     * @param fileName     * @return     */    public static Element getRootFrom(String fileName) {        File file = new File(fileName);        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();        DocumentBuilder builder = null;        Document document = null;        try {            builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();            document = builder.parse(file);            return document.getDocumentElement();        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SAXException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return null;    }    /**     * 从文件中取出学生列表     *     * @param fileName     * @return     * @see XMLUtil#getRootFrom(String)     */    public static List<Student> getStudentListfrom(String fileName) {        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();        Element root = getRootFrom(fileName);        NodeList elements = null;        if (root != null) {            elements = root.getElementsByTagName(Student.XML_TAG);            Student stu = null;            Node node = null;            for (int i = 0; i < elements.getLength(); i++) {                stu = new Student();                node = elements.item(i);                NodeList childElements = node.getChildNodes();                for (int j = 0; j < childElements.getLength(); j++) {                    node = childElements.item(j);                    if (node instanceof Element) {                        if (((Element) node).getTagName().equals(Student.XML_NAME_TAG)) {                            stu.setName(node.getTextContent());                        } else if (((Element) node).getTagName().equals(Student.XML_AGE_TAG)) {                            stu.setAge(node.getTextContent());                        }                    }                }                studentList.add(stu);            }            return studentList;        }        return null;    }}

package com.hyc.corejava;import com.hyc.corejava.bean.Student;import com.hyc.corejava.xml.XMLUtil;import java.io.File;import java.util.List;/** * Created by huashuncai on 15/9/16. */public class Test {    public static void main(String[] args) {        File file = new File("res/xml/student.xml");        List<Student> studentList = XMLUtil.getStudentListfrom(file.getAbsolutePath());        if (studentList != null && studentList.size() != 0) {            for (int i = 0; i < studentList.size(); i++) {                System.out.println("Name:" + studentList.get(i).getName() + "\tAge:" + studentList.get(i).getAge());            }        }    }}

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