WebService（二）—JDK内置JAX-WS实现SOAP WebService

从Java6开始原生支持WebService的开发，这篇我们就来研究通过JDK内置JAX-WS实现SOAP WebService。

下面以实例来展开研究：

服务端--发布WebService

1、服务端-服务提供类和方法

package ws.service;import javax.jws.WebMethod;import javax.jws.WebParam;import javax.jws.WebService;import javax.jws.WebResult;/** * WebService * @WebService将Java类标记为实现 Web Service * 1、serviceName :指定对外发布的服务名称;如不指定，则默认为类名+Service(即HelloServiceService) * 2、targetNamespace :指定服务的命名空间，名称自定义（uri格式）;如不指定，则默认为当前类的命名空间的倒序(即http://service.ws/) */@WebService(serviceName="MyService",targetNamespace="http://www.tgb.edu")public class HelloService {    /**     * sayHello     * @param name     * @return     */    public String sayHello(@WebParam(name="name") String name){        return "hello: " + name;    }        /**     * sayHello1     * @param name     * @return     */    @WebMethod(operationName="TGBsayHello")    @WebResult(name="myReturn")    public String sayHello1(@WebParam(name="name") String name){        return "hello: " + name;    }        @WebMethod(exclude=true) //当前方法不被发布出去    public String sayHello2(@WebParam(name="name") String name){        return "hello: " + name;    }        public String sayGoodbye(@WebParam(name="name") String name){        return "goodbye: " + name;    }}

2、服务发布类

package ws.service;import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;public class HelloMain {    public static void main(String[] args) {        System.out.println("准备启动服务");        /**         * 参数1：服务的发布地址         * 参数2：服务的实现者         * Endpoint 会重新启动一个线程         */        Endpoint.publish("http://127.0.0.1:8086/helloService", new HelloService());        System.out.println("服务启动完毕");    }    }

3、发布结果

打开http://127.0.0.1:8086/helloService?wsdl

wsdl格式的xml，如下

<!-- Published by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI's version is JAX-WS RI 2.2.4-b01. --><!-- Generated by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI's version is JAX-WS RI 2.2.4-b01. --><definitions targetNamespace="http://www.tgb.edu" name="MyService"><types><xsd:schema><xsd:import namespace="http://www.tgb.edu"schemaLocation="http://127.0.0.1:8086/helloService?xsd=1" /></xsd:schema></types><message name="sayHello"><part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHello" /></message><message name="sayHelloResponse"><part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHelloResponse" /></message><message name="sayGoodbye"><part name="parameters" element="tns:sayGoodbye" /></message><message name="sayGoodbyeResponse"><part name="parameters" element="tns:sayGoodbyeResponse" /></message><portType name="HelloService"><operation name="sayHello"><input wsam:Action="http://www.tgb.edu/HelloService/sayHelloRequest"message="tns:sayHello" /><output wsam:Action="http://www.tgb.edu/HelloService/sayHelloResponse"message="tns:sayHelloResponse" /></operation><operation name="sayGoodbye"><input wsam:Action="http://www.tgb.edu/HelloService/sayGoodbyeRequest"message="tns:sayGoodbye" /><output wsam:Action="http://www.tgb.edu/HelloService/sayGoodbyeResponse"message="tns:sayGoodbyeResponse" /></operation></portType><binding name="HelloServicePortBinding" type="tns:HelloService"><soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"style="document" /><operation name="sayHello"><soap:operation soapAction="" /><input><soap:body use="literal" /></input><output><soap:body use="literal" /></output></operation><operation name="sayGoodbye"><soap:operation soapAction="" /><input><soap:body use="literal" /></input><output><soap:body use="literal" /></output></operation></binding><service name="MyService"><port name="HelloServicePort" binding="tns:HelloServicePortBinding"><soap:address location="http://127.0.0.1:8086/helloService" /></port></service></definitions>

客户端--请求WebService

1、请求类和方法

package ws.client;import javax.jws.WebMethod;import javax.jws.WebParam;import javax.jws.WebResult;import javax.jws.WebService;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSeeAlso;import javax.xml.ws.RequestWrapper;import javax.xml.ws.ResponseWrapper;@WebService(name = "MyService", targetNamespace = "http://www.tgb.edu")public interface HelloClient {//@WebMethod(operationName="TGBsayHello")    //@WebResult(name = "myReturn")    //@RequestWrapper(localName = "TGBsayHello")    //@ResponseWrapper(localName = "TGBsayHelloResponse")    public String sayHello(@WebParam(name = "name") String arg0);}

2、发起请求类

package ws.client;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;import javax.xml.namespace.QName;import javax.xml.ws.Service;public class AppMain {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//创建访问wsdl服务地址的url          URL wsdlUrl = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8086/helloService");        /* 创建服务         * 通过Qname指明服务的具体信息         * QName第一个参数：服务地址         * QName第二个参数：serviceName(如不指定则是：实现类名+Service)         */        QName qname = new QName("http://www.tgb.edu","MyService");          Service s = Service.create(wsdlUrl, qname);        HelloClient hs = s.getPort(new QName("http://www.tgb.edu","HelloServicePort"), HelloClient.class);        String ret = hs.sayHello("zhang");        System.out.println(ret);    }}

3、请求结果

输出：hello: zhang

总结

注解的形式，使得服务的发布和访问更加灵活，也让服务端对外更加安全。

ps：如何理解各个注解的含义，和服务端的wsdl相互对照就清楚了。