[iOS开发项目-6] 应用程序管理

本项目是取自传智播客的教学项目,加入笔者的修改和润饰。

1. 项目名称：应用管理

2. 项目截图展示

3. 项目功能

1. 展示应用图标，名称和下载按钮
2. 点击下载按钮，出现“正在下载”图标

4. 项目代码

• 模型代码：AppInfo.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface AppInfo : NSObject@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *icon;@property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) UIImage *image;/** 使用字典实例化模型 */- (instancetype)initWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict;/** 快速实例化一个对象 */+ (instancetype)appInfoWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict;/** 返回所有plist中的数据模型数组 */+ (NSArray *)appList;@end

• 模型代码：AppInfo.m

#import "AppInfo.h"@implementation AppInfo// 合成指令，主动指定属性使用的成员变量名称@synthesize image = _image;//图片模型- (UIImage *)image{    if (_image == nil) {        _image = [UIImage imageNamed:self.icon];    }    return _image;}- (instancetype)initWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict{    self = [super init];    if (self) {        // 用字典给属性赋值        //        self.name = dict[@"name"]; //将字典的内容赋值给属性        //        self.icon = dict[@"icon"];       [self setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];    }    return self;}+ (instancetype)appInfoWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict{    return [[self alloc] initWithDict:dict];}+ (NSArray *)appList{    NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"app.plist" ofType:nil]];    // 创建一个临时可变数组    NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];    // 遍历数组，依次转换模型    for (NSDictionary *dict in array) {        [arrayM addObject:[AppInfo appInfoWithDict:dict]];    }    return arrayM;}@end

• 模型View：AppView.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@class AppInfo;@interface AppView : UIView/** 类方法，方便调用视图 */+ (instancetype)appView;/** 实例化视图，并使用appInfo设置视图的显示 */+ (instancetype)appViewWithAppInfo:(AppInfo *)appInfo;// 自定义视图中显示的数据来源是数据模型// 使用模型设置自定义视图的显示@property (nonatomic, strong) AppInfo *appInfo;@end

• 模型View：AppView.m

#import "AppView.h"#import "AppInfo.h"@interface AppView()@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIImageView *iconView;@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *label;@end@implementation AppView//实例化xib+ (instancetype)appView{    return [[[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:@"AppView" owner:nil options:nil] lastObject];}//根据模型实例化xib+ (instancetype)appViewWithAppInfo:(AppInfo *)appInfo{    // 1. 实例化一个视图    AppView *view = [self appView];    // 2. 设置视图的显示    view.appInfo = appInfo;//包含，AppView有appInfo的属性    // 3. 返回视图    return view;}/** 利用setter方法设置视图的界面显示 */- (void)setAppInfo:(AppInfo *)appInfo{    _appInfo = appInfo;    self.label.text = appInfo.name;    self.iconView.image = appInfo.image;}/** 按钮监听方法 */- (IBAction)click:(UIButton *)button{    // 添加一个UILabel到界面上    UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(80, 400, 160, 40)];    // 数值是0表示黑色，1表示纯白；alpha表示透明度    label.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.0 alpha:0.2];    label.text = self.appInfo.name;    label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;    // self.superview就是视图控制器中的self.view    [self.superview addSubview:label];    // 动画效果    label.alpha = 0.0;    // 禁用按钮，如果点击了按钮以后就禁用按钮    button.enabled = NO;    // 动画结束之后删除    [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0f animations:^{        // 要修改的动画属性        label.alpha = 1.0;    } completion:^(BOOL finished) {        [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 animations:^{            label.alpha = 0.0;        } completion:^(BOOL finished)            [label removeFromSuperview];        }];    }];}@end

• ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"#import "AppInfo.h"#import "AppView.h"#define kAppViewW 80#define kAppViewH 90#define kColCount 3#define kStartY   20@interface ViewController ()/** 应用程序列表 */@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *appList;@end@implementation ViewController- (NSArray *)appList{    if (_appList == nil) {        _appList = [AppInfo appList];    }    return _appList;}- (void)viewDidLoad{    [super viewDidLoad];    // 搭建九宫格    // 320 - 3 * 80 = 80 / 4 = 20    CGFloat marginX = (self.view.bounds.size.width - kColCount * kAppViewW) / (kColCount + 1);    CGFloat marginY = 10;    for (int i = 0; i < self.appList.count; i++) {        // 行        int row = i / kColCount;        // 列        int col = i % kColCount;        CGFloat x = marginX + col * (marginX + kAppViewW);        CGFloat y = kStartY + marginY + row * (marginY + kAppViewH);        //加载第i个xib视图        AppView *appView = [AppView appViewWithAppInfo:self.appList[i]];        // 设置视图位置        appView.frame = CGRectMake(x, y, kAppViewW, kAppViewH);        [self.view addSubview:appView];        }}

5. 本项目必须掌握的代码段

• 字典转模型

- (instancetype)initWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict{    self = [super init];    if (self) {       [self setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];    }    return self;}+ (instancetype)appInfoWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict{    return [[self alloc] initWithDict:dict];}+ (NSArray *)appList{    NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"app.plist" ofType:nil]];    // 创建一个临时可变数组    NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];    // 遍历数组，依次转换模型    for (NSDictionary *dict in array) {        [arrayM addObject:[AppInfo appInfoWithDict:dict]];    }    return arrayM;}

• KVC

  [self setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];

6. 笔记

• 字典转模型：

plist文件有多个字典，把字典的元素转换成模型类对象的成员变量，将模型类对象放入数组中
模型的属性名称和plist文件中的key名称必须一致