Android菜鸟的成长笔记——Spinner 省市县三级地址选择

一、 准备数据

在网上找了一份xml的数据源，链接在这：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pJoHosr

在res文件夹下新建一个xml文件夹，将解压得到的3个xml文件放进去。

二、 解析xml文件

先看一下xml文件吧，是这个格式的

<resources>    <Province ID="0" ProvinceName="请选择">请选择  </Province>

解析代码如下：

public ArrayList<Province> getProvincesInfo()    {        //设置xml解析器，为读取的数据创建ArrayList对象        XmlResourceParser xrp = getResources().getXml(R.xml.provinces);        ArrayList<Province> provinces = new ArrayList<>();        try        {            int eventType = xrp.getEventType();            while (eventType != XmlResourceParser.END_DOCUMENT)            {                //当内容标签开始时，读取相应标签的属性                if (eventType == XmlResourceParser.START_TAG && xrp.getName().equals("Province"))                {                    String id = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "ID");                    String name = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "ProvinceName");                    provinces.add(new Province(Integer.parseInt(id), name));                }                eventType = xrp.next();            }        } catch (XmlPullParserException | IOException e)        {            e.printStackTrace();        }        xrp.close();        return provinces;    }

三、绑定数据

将数据信息读到ArrayList对象中就好办了，直接用ArrayAdapter绑定就可以了：

        //为控件绑定视图        Spinner spnProvince = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.spnProvince);        //读取并绑定province数据        final ArrayList<Province> provinces = getProvincesInfo();        final ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,provinces);        spnProvince.setAdapter(adapter);

因为ArrayList对象中的数据为自定义的Province，在Spinner中显示时会调用toString()函数，所以要在Province中重写toString函数，返回省份名称。

城市、和区域的选择都要依赖于上级的信息，在读取城市信息的时候需要传入省份的ID，来获取对应的城市，可以在读取标签属性的时候，判断传入的PID与读取的PID是否相等，来获取城市列表。

四、设置监听，实现城市和区域选择

数据绑定玩之后，就要设置监听了。

省份数据，在Activity onCreate的时候读入；城市数据，在选择了省份之后读入；区域数据在选择了城市之后读入。设置spnProvince的监听如下，在监听中读取数据，初始化子控件：

        //为Province设置监听        spnProvince.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener()        {            @Override            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)            {                //初始化城市列表                initSpnCity((int) id);                //选中“请选择”时不设置地址显示                if (id == 0)                {                    //清空City、District选项                    strProvince = "";                    strCity = "";                    strDistrict = "";                } else                {                    strProvince = provinces.get((int) id).getName();                }                //显示选中的地址                tvAddress.setText(ADDRESS_TITLE + "  " + strProvince + "  " + strCity + "  " + strDistrict);            }            @Override            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent)            {            }        });

到此，三级地址选择就搞定了效果图

下面是源码，Province、City、District的实现代码就不贴了，记得重写toString()方法返回名称就可以了。

package com.lcy.demo.studydemo;import android.content.res.XmlResourceParser;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.view.View;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;import android.widget.Spinner;import android.widget.TextView;import com.lcy.demo.studydemo.address.City;import com.lcy.demo.studydemo.address.District;import com.lcy.demo.studydemo.address.Province;import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;/** * Created by loucyin on 2015/10/8. */public class SpinnerActivity extends AppCompatActivity{    public static final String ADDRESS_TITLE = "您选择的地址是：";    TextView tvAddress;    String strProvince = "";    String strCity = "";    String strDistrict = "";    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)    {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_spinner);        //绑定地址显示TextView        tvAddress = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tvAddress);        //初始化spinner控件        initSpnProvince();    }     //初始化spnProvince控件，并为其绑定数据，设置监听    public void initSpnProvince()    {        //为控件绑定视图        Spinner spnProvince = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.spnProvince);        //读取并绑定province数据        final ArrayList<Province> provinces = getProvincesInfo();        final ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,provinces);        spnProvince.setAdapter(adapter);        //为Province设置监听        spnProvince.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener()        {            @Override            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)            {                //初始化城市列表                initSpnCity((int) id);                //选中“请选择”时不设置地址显示                if (id == 0)                {                    //清空City、District选项                    strProvince = "";                    strCity = "";                    strDistrict = "";                } else                {                    strProvince = provinces.get((int) id).getName();                }                //显示选中的地址                tvAddress.setText(ADDRESS_TITLE + "  " + strProvince + "  " + strCity + "  " + strDistrict);            }            @Override            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent)            {            }        });    }    //初始化spnCity，并为其绑定数据，设置监听    public void initSpnCity(int provinceId)    {        //为控件绑定视图        final Spinner spnCity = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.spnCity);        //读取并绑定province数据        final ArrayList<City> cities = getCitiesInfo(provinceId);        ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,cities);        spnCity.setAdapter(adapter);        //为Province设置监听        spnCity.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener()        {            @Override            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)            {                //获取城市ID，并初始化区域列表                int cid = cities.get((int) id).getId();                initSpnDistrict(cid);                //选中“请选择”时不设置地址显示                if(id == 0)                {                    strCity = "";                    strDistrict = "";                }                else                {                    strCity = cities.get((int) id).getName();                }                //显示选中的地址                tvAddress.setText(ADDRESS_TITLE + "  " + strProvince + "  " + strCity + "  " + strDistrict);            }            @Override            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent)            {            }        });    }    //初始化spnDistrict控件，绑定数据，设置监听    public void initSpnDistrict(int cityId)    {        //为控件绑定视图        final Spinner spnDistrict = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.spnDistrict);        //读取并绑定province数据        final ArrayList<District> districts = getDistrictInfo(cityId);        ArrayAdapter adapter = new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,districts);        spnDistrict.setAdapter(adapter);        spnDistrict.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener()        {            @Override            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)            {                //选中“请选择”时不设置地址显示                if (id == 0)                {                    strDistrict = "";                } else                {                    strDistrict = districts.get((int) id).getName();                }                //显示选中的地址                tvAddress.setText(ADDRESS_TITLE + "  " + strProvince + "  " + strCity + "  " + strDistrict);            }            @Override            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent)            {            }        });    }    /**     * @description 从文件中获取省份信息     * @return 返回省份的ArrayList对象     */    public ArrayList<Province> getProvincesInfo()    {        //设置xml解析器，为读取的数据创建ArrayList对象        XmlResourceParser xrp = getResources().getXml(R.xml.provinces);        ArrayList<Province> provinces = new ArrayList<>();        try        {            int eventType = xrp.getEventType();            while (eventType != XmlResourceParser.END_DOCUMENT)            {                //当内容标签开始时，读取相应标签的属性                if (eventType == XmlResourceParser.START_TAG && xrp.getName().equals("Province"))                {                    String id = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "ID");                    String name = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "ProvinceName");                    provinces.add(new Province(Integer.parseInt(id), name));                }                eventType = xrp.next();            }        } catch (XmlPullParserException | IOException e)        {            e.printStackTrace();        }        xrp.close();        return provinces;    }    /**     * @description 输入省份ID，获取对应的城市     * @param provinceId 省份ID，用于在选择其对应的城市     * @return 返回所包含城市的ArrayList对象     */    public ArrayList<City> getCitiesInfo(int provinceId)    {        //设置xml解析器，为读取的数据创建ArrayList对象        XmlResourceParser xrp = getResources().getXml(R.xml.cities);        ArrayList<City> cities = new ArrayList<>();        cities.add(new City(0,0,"请选择",""));        try        {            int eventType = xrp.getEventType();            while (eventType != XmlResourceParser.END_DOCUMENT)            {                //当内容标签开始时，读取相应标签的属性                if (eventType == XmlResourceParser.START_TAG && xrp.getName().equals("City"))                {                    String pid = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "PID");                    if (provinceId == Integer.parseInt(pid))                    {                        String id = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "ID");                        String zipCode = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "ZipCode");                        String name = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "CityName");                        cities.add(new City(Integer.parseInt(id), Integer.parseInt(pid), name, zipCode));                    }                }                eventType = xrp.next();            }        } catch (XmlPullParserException | IOException e)        {            e.printStackTrace();        }        xrp.close();        return cities;    }    /**     * @description 输入城市ID，获取对应的区域     * @param cityId 城市ID，用于在选择其对应的区域     * @return 返回所包含区域的ArrayList对象     */    public ArrayList<District> getDistrictInfo(int cityId)    {        //设置xml解析器，为读取的数据创建ArrayList对象        XmlResourceParser xrp = getResources().getXml(R.xml.districts);        ArrayList<District> districts = new ArrayList<>();        districts.add(new District(0,0,"请选择"));        try        {            int eventType = xrp.getEventType();            while (eventType != XmlResourceParser.END_DOCUMENT)            {                //当内容标签开始时，读取相应标签的属性                if (eventType == XmlResourceParser.START_TAG && xrp.getName().equals("District"))                {                    String cid = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "CID");                    if (cityId == Integer.parseInt(cid))                    {                        String id = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "ID");                        String name = xrp.getAttributeValue(null, "DistrictName");                        districts.add(new District(Integer.parseInt(id), cityId, name));                    }                }                eventType = xrp.next();            }        } catch (XmlPullParserException | IOException e)        {            e.printStackTrace();        }        xrp.close();        return districts;    }}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"              android:orientation="vertical"              android:layout_width="match_parent"              android:layout_height="match_parent"    >    <LinearLayout        android:orientation="horizontal"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:background="@color/material_grey_300">        <TextView            android:layout_width="80dp"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"            android:text="省份："            android:id="@+id/textView"            android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"            android:textColor="@android:color/holo_red_light"/>        <Spinner            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:id="@+id/spnProvince"            android:spinnerMode="dropdown"/>    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:orientation="horizontal"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:background="@color/material_grey_100">        <TextView            android:layout_width="80dp"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"            android:text="城市："            android:id="@+id/textView2"            android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"            android:textColor="@android:color/holo_blue_bright"/>        <Spinner            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:id="@+id/spnCity"            android:spinnerMode="dropdown"/>    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:orientation="horizontal"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:background="@color/material_grey_300">        <TextView            android:layout_width="80dp"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"            android:text="区域："            android:id="@+id/textView3"            android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"            android:textColor="@android:color/holo_green_dark"/>        <Spinner            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="50dp"            android:id="@+id/spnDistrict"            android:spinnerMode="dropdown"/>    </LinearLayout>    <TextView        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"        android:text="@string/Address"        android:id="@+id/tvAddress"        android:gravity="center_vertical"        android:paddingLeft="15dp"        android:paddingTop="20dp"        android:paddingRight="20dp"        android:paddingBottom="20dp"        android:background="@color/material_grey_100"        android:textColor="@android:color/holo_orange_dark"/></LinearLayout>