iOS中GET 和 POST 数据请求

来源：互联网发布：全包半包和清包知乎编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/22 17:45

iOS中GET 和 POST 网络数据请求

同步请求和异步请求的差别：

1.同步请求，有主线程完成网路请求任务，在数据没有请求之前，用户的所有的交互事件应用都无法处理，会造成一种卡顿现象，影响用户体验

2.异步同步，系统默认开辟子线程完成网络请求任务，主线程依然会处理用户的交互事件，此时不会出现卡顿，一旦开辟子线程就会消耗资源(内存)，此时就是拿空间换时间

先分析下整体思路：

1.下面准备一个公用的model数据数据模型：

Business.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface Business : NSObject@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *name;//商户名@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *address;//商户地址@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *telephone;//电话号码@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *title;@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *summary;@end

Business.m

#import "Business.h"@implementation Business- (void)dealloc{    self.name = nil;    self.telephone = nil;    self.address = nil;    self.title = nil;    self.summary = nil;    [super dealloc];}//防止Crash- (void)setValue:(id)value forUndefinedKey:(NSString *)key{ }@end

2.下面准备两个自定义的cell用于两种数据请求的自定义cell：
第一个自定义cell：

BusinessCell.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@class Business;@interface BusinessCell : UITableViewCell@property (retain, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *nameLabel;@property (retain, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *adressLabel;@property (retain, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *telephoneLabel;//写一个接口给cell上的子控件赋值- (void)assignValueByBusiness : (Business *)business;@end

BusinessCell.m

#import "BusinessCell.h"#import "Business.h"@implementation BusinessCell- (void)awakeFromNib {    // Initialization code}//写一个接口给cell上的子控件赋值- (void)assignValueByBusiness : (Business *)business{        self.nameLabel.text = business.name;    self.telephoneLabel.text = business.telephone;    self.adressLabel.text = business.address;       }- (void)dealloc {    [_nameLabel release];    [_adressLabel release];    [_telephoneLabel release];    [super dealloc];}@end

第二个自定义cell：

CustomCell.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@class Business;@interface CustomCell : UITableViewCell@property (retain, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *titleLabel;@property (retain, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *summaryLabel;//写一个方法给cell上的控件赋值- (void)setValueByName : (Business *)business;@end

CustomCell.m

#import "CustomCell.h"#import "Business.h"@implementation CustomCell- (void)dealloc {        [_titleLabel release];    [_summaryLabel release];    [super dealloc];}//写一个方法给cell上的控件赋值- (void)setValueByName : (Business *)business{        self.titleLabel.text = business.title;    self.summaryLabel.text = business.summary;}@end

——————————————开始介绍数据请求：————————————————

GET数据请求(同步请求)：

<span style="color:#3333ff;">#import "GETViewController.h"#import "Business.h"#import "CustomCell.h"#import "BusinessCell.h"@interface GETViewController ()<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>@property(nonatomic,retain)NSMutableArray *dataSource;@property(nonatomic,retain)NSMutableData *data;//拼接多次请求下来的数据@end@implementation GETViewController- (void)dealloc{    self.dataSource = nil;    self.data = nil;    [super dealloc];}//懒加载- (NSMutableArray *)dataSource{    if (_dataSource == nil) {        self.dataSource = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:0];    }    return [[_dataSource retain]autorelease];}</span><span style="color:#ff0000;">//同步get请求</span><span style="color:#3333ff;">- (IBAction)handleGetSyncRequst:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {        //清空数组    [self.dataSource  removeAllObjects];        //1.准备网址字符串    NSString *urlStr = @"http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search?query=大保健&region=上海&output=json&ak=6E823f587c95f0148c19993539b99295";    //2.查看网址字符串中是否含有中文,有中文的话要对urlStr进行转码    NSString *changeUrlStr = [urlStr stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    //3.创建NSURL对象,不能能够存储本地的文件地址，也能存储网络地址    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:changeUrlStr];        //4.创建网络请求对象(NSURLRequest )    // NSURLRequest 默认请求方式就是GET请求    // NSMutableURLRequest  可以设置网络的请求方式    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];       //5.建立同步链接    //5.1 创建服务器响应对象    NSURLResponse *response = nil;    //5.2 创建请求失败错误信息对象    //以上两个参数都是方法的内部对其赋值    NSError *error = nil;    NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:&error];//    NSLog(@"%@",data); 验证！        //调用解析方法    [self parserData:data];        }//封装一个解析的方法- (void)parserData : (NSData *)data{        //解析：    NSMutableDictionary *dataDic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:nil];    //    NSLog(@"%@",dataDic); 验证！    //取出results key值对应的数组    NSArray *array = dataDic[@"results"];    //遍历数组的字典，并使用给Business对象赋值    for (NSDictionary *dic in array) {        //创建数据模型对象        Business *bus = [[Business alloc]init];                //使用kvc给bus赋值        [bus setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];                //添加到存储所有商户信息的数组        [self.dataSource addObject:bus];        //释放        [bus release];        //        NSLog(@"%@",self.dataSource); 验证！                    }    //刷新ui界面    [self.tableView reloadData];}</span>

GET数据请求(异步请求)：

<span style="color:#ff0000;">//异步get请求</span>- (IBAction)handleGetAsyncRequst:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {        //清空数组    self.dataSource = nil;        //1.创建网址字符串    NSString *urlStr = @"http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search?query=大保健&region=上海&output=json&ak=6E823f587c95f0148c19993539b99295";    //2.判断是否含有中文    NSString *change = [urlStr stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    //3.创建NSURL对象    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:change];    //4.创建网络请求    NSURLRequest *requst = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    //5.创建异步网络连接//    NSOperationQueue  队列类//    [NSOperationQueue mainQueue]   获取主队类            /*    //让当前的self 对象处于引用状态    __block typeof(self) weakSelf = self;    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:requst queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError) {        //data 就是请求下来的数据        //response 就是响应对象        //connectionError 就是存放连接时报错信息的对象        //调用解析方法        [weakSelf parserData:data];    }];    */       <span style="color:#ff0000;"> //代理完成异步解析</span>    [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:requst delegate:self];  }

代理完成异步解析：

#pragma mark NSURLConnection 代理方法//当接收到服务器响应的时候触发- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response{    //一旦接收到服务器的响应,就创建拼接的data对象    self.data = [NSMutableData data];}//当接收到服务器数据的时候触发//此方法有可能触发多次,原因：1.网络环境比较差时 2.请求的数据量比较大的时候,此时服务器会分多次把数据传输过来- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data{    //拼接服务器传输的数据    [self.data appendData:data];}//当接收到服务器传输数据结束的时候触发- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{    //此时数据已经接收完毕，可以解析了    [self parserData:self.data];}

显示在控件上：

- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.}#pragma mark - Table view data source- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {    return 1;}- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {    return self.dataSource.count;}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {        BusinessCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"getcell" forIndexPath:indexPath];    //调用cell的控件的赋值方法    [cell assignValueByBusiness:self.dataSource[indexPath.row]];    return cell;}

GET两种数据请求完成！

查看效果：

GET同步和异步数据请求效果：

——————————

————————————————POST数据请求——————————————————————
定义相关属性：

#import "POSTViewController.h"#import "Business.h"#import "CustomCell.h"@interface POSTViewController ()@property(nonatomic,retain)NSMutableArray *dataSource;@end@implementation POSTViewController- (void)dealloc{    self.dataSource = nil;    [super dealloc];}- (NSMutableArray *)dataSource{    if (_dataSource == nil) {        self.dataSource = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:0];    }    return [[_dataSource retain]autorelease];}

POST同步数据请求：

//Post同步//http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx///date=20131129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213- (IBAction)handlePostSyncRequst:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {    [self.dataSource removeAllObjects];        //1.准备网址字符串    NSString *urlStr = @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx/";    //2.创建NSURL对象    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];    //3.创建网络请求对象    NSMutableURLRequest *requst = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    //3.1配置请求方式    requst.HTTPMethod = @"POST";    //4.创建参数字符串    NSString *bodyString = @"date=20131129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213";    //将字符串转换为NSDate独享    NSData *data = [bodyString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    //配置网络请求的方式    requst.HTTPBody = data;        //5.创建网络链接    NSURLResponse *response = nil;    NSError *error = nil;  NSData *data1 =  [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:requst returningResponse:&response error:&error];    //    NSLog(@"%@",data1);        [self parserData: data1];    }

POST同步数据请求：

//post异步- (IBAction)handlePostAsyncRequest:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {    [self.dataSource removeAllObjects];        //1.创建网址字符串    NSString *urlStr =  @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx/";    //2.创建NSURL对象    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];    //3.创建网络请求对象    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    //3.1创建请求方式 request.HTTPMethod = @"POST";    //4.创建参数对象    NSString *bodyString = @"date=20131129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213";    NSData *data = [bodyString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    //设置请求对象的body    request.HTTPBody = data;        //5.创建网络链接    __block typeof(self) weakself = self;      [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError) {//      NSLog(@"%@",data);            [weakself parserData:data];       }];   }

封装一个解析的方法

- (void)parserData : (NSData *)data{        //解析：    NSMutableDictionary *dataDic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:nil];//        NSLog(@"%@",dataDic); //验证！    //取出results key值对应的数组    NSArray *array = dataDic[@"news"];//    NSLog(@"%@",array);    //遍历数组的字典，并使用给Business对象赋值    for (NSDictionary *dic in array) {        //创建数据模型对象        Business *bus = [[Business alloc]init];                //使用kvc给bus赋值        [bus setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];//        NSLog(@"%@",bus);        //添加到存储所有商户信息的数组        [self.dataSource addObject:bus];        //释放        [bus release];//                NSLog(@"%@",self.dataSource); //验证！                    }    //刷新ui界面    [self.tableView reloadData];}

显示在控件上：

- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.}#pragma mark - Table view data source- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {    // Return the number of sections.    return 1;}- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {    // Return the number of rows in the section.    return self.dataSource.count;}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {   CustomCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"post" forIndexPath:indexPath];        [cell setValueByName:self.dataSource[indexPath.row]];        return cell;}

POST两种数据请求完成！

查看两种效果效果：
————————————

————————————————————————————————————————————

——————————————介绍同步卡顿现象——————————————————————

BigImageViewController.m

@interface BigImageViewController ()@property (retain, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIImageView *bigImageView;@end@implementation BigImageViewController- (IBAction)handleKaDun:(UIButton *)sender {        //1.准备网址字符串    NSString *urlStr = @"http://f1.topit.me/1/d2/8c/11663656284128cd21o.jpg";        //2.初始化NSURL对象    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];        //3.创建请求对象    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    //4.建立网络连接    //4.1创建响应度向    NSURLResponse  *response = nil;    NSError *errror = nil; NSData *data =   [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:&errror];        //音乐数据，视频数据，图片数据不需要解析直接可以使用    self.bigImageView.image = [UIImage imageWithData:data];    }

效果展示：

————————————————————————————————————————————

0 0