NSCalendar Class Reference
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NSCalendar封装了关于日期的开始,长度、推算日期以及获取时间系统的信息等接口,还提供了日历的计算。本博文针对NSCalendar的API做了一系列详细的编程介绍。
在NSCalendar中,天、周、日、月和年都是从1开始的。
关于NSDate的编程介绍,详见《NSDate Class Reference》
关于NSDateComponents的编程介绍,详见《NSDateComponents Class Reference》
系统语言环境
+ currentCalendar
+ autoupdatingCurrentCalendar
#pragma mark 获取系统语言环境- (void)testSystemLocaleInformation { // 系统环境、NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian // 第一次用此方法实例化对象后,即使修改了系统日历设定,这个对象也不会改变。 NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; // 修改系统日历设定,其实例化的对象也会随之改变。 calendar = [NSCalendar autoupdatingCurrentCalendar];}
初始化
+ calendarWithIdentifier:
- initWithCalendarIdentifier:
#pragma mark 初始化- (void)testCreatingAndInitializing { // (+) 自定义语言环境 NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar calendarWithIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierChinese]; // (-) calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierChinese];}
获取重要信息
calendarIdentifier Property
firstWeekday Property
locale Property
minimumDaysInFirstWeek Property
timeZone Property
- maximumRangeOfUnit:
- minimumRangeOfUnit:
- ordinalityOfUnit:inUnit:forDate:
- rangeOfUnit:inUnit:forDate:
- rangeOfUnit:startDate:interval:forDate:
- rangeOfWeekendStartDate:interval:containingDate:
#pragma mark 获取重要信息- (void)testGettingInformation { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; NSDate *date = [NSDate date]; NSLog(@"calendarIdentifier:%@", calendar.calendarIdentifier); // 设置每周的第一天从星期几开始,比如:1代表星期日开始,2代表星期一开始,以此类推。默认值是1 NSLog(@"firstWeekday:%d", calendar.firstWeekday); // 设置每年及每月第一周必须包含的最少天数,比如:设定第一周最少包括3天,则value传入3 NSLog(@"minimumDaysInFirstWeek:%d", calendar.minimumDaysInFirstWeek); // 设置本地化信息 NSLog(@"locale:%@", calendar.locale); // 获取最大和最小范围 NSRange range = [calendar maximumRangeOfUnit:NSCalendarUnitYear]; range = [calendar minimumRangeOfUnit:NSCalendarUnitYear]; // 获取一个小的单位在一个大的单位里面的序数,获取当日是这一周的第几天 NSUInteger day = [calendar ordinalityOfUnit:NSCalendarUnitWeekday inUnit:NSCalendarUnitWeekOfMonth forDate:date]; NSLog(@"ordinalityOfUnit:%d", day); // 根据参数提供的时间点,得到一个小的单位在一个大的单位里面的取值范围 range = [calendar rangeOfUnit:NSCalendarUnitWeekday inUnit:NSCalendarUnitWeekOfMonth forDate:date]; // 根据参数提供的时间点,返回所在日历单位的开始时间。如果startDate和interval均可以计算,则返回YES;否则返回NO NSTimeInterval count = 0; NSDate *dateOut = nil; // 获取时间所处的月份,起始时间点 BOOL rangeOfUnit = [calendar rangeOfUnit:NSCalendarUnitMonth startDate:&dateOut interval:&count forDate:date]; if (rangeOfUnit) { //得到本地时间,避免时区问题 NSInteger interval = [calendar.timeZone secondsFromGMTForDate:dateOut]; NSDate *localeDate = [dateOut dateByAddingTimeInterval:interval]; NSLog(@"%@", dateOut); NSLog(@"%@",localeDate); NSLog(@"%f",count); } else { NSLog(@"无法计算"); } // 返回某个给定的日期是否在一个周末期间,如果startDate和interval均可以计算,则返回YES;否则返回NO rangeOfUnit = [calendar rangeOfWeekendStartDate:&dateOut interval:&count containingDate:date]; if (rangeOfUnit) { //得到本地时间,避免时区问题 NSInteger interval = [calendar.timeZone secondsFromGMTForDate:dateOut]; NSDate *localeDate = [dateOut dateByAddingTimeInterval:interval]; NSLog(@"%@", dateOut); NSLog(@"%@",localeDate); NSLog(@"%f",count); } else { NSLog(@"无法计算"); }}
日历计算
- dateByAddingComponents:toDate:options:
- dateByAddingUnit:value:toDate:options:
- dateFromComponents:
- enumerateDatesStartingAfterDate:matchingComponents:options:usingBlock:
- dateBySettingHour:minute:second:ofDate:options:
- dateBySettingUnit:value:ofDate:options:
- dateWithEra:year:month:day:hour:minute:second:nanosecond:
- dateWithEra:yearForWeekOfYear:weekOfYear:weekday:hour:minute:second:nanosecond:
- date:matchesComponents:
- nextDateAfterDate:matchingComponents:options:
- nextDateAfterDate:matchingHour:minute:second:options:
- nextDateAfterDate:matchingUnit:value:options:
- nextWeekendStartDate:interval:options:afterDate:
- startOfDayForDate:
#pragma mark 日历计算- (void)testCalendricalCalculations { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; NSDate *date = [NSDate date]; // 在参数date基础上,增加一个NSDateComponents类型的时间增量 NSDateComponents *compt = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init]; [compt setHour:1];// 增加1小时 NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); date = [calendar dateByAddingComponents:compt toDate:date options:0]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 根据NSCalendarUnit增加一个常量的时间增量 date = [calendar dateByAddingUnit:NSCalendarUnitHour value:1 toDate:date options:0]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // NSDateComponents转NSDate date = [calendar dateFromComponents:compt]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 生成当前日期不变,指定时、分、秒的日期 date = [NSDate date]; date = [calendar dateBySettingHour:1 minute:3 second:4 ofDate:date options:0]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 根据NSCalendarUnit和设置的值,生成日期 date = [calendar dateBySettingUnit:NSCalendarUnitHour value:2 ofDate:date options:0]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 根据时代、年、月、日、时、分、秒、毫 生成日期 date = [calendar dateWithEra:1 year:2015 month:10 day:18 hour:15 minute:6 second:8 nanosecond:100]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 根据时代、年、周、星期、时、分、秒、毫 生成NSDate date = [calendar dateWithEra:1 yearForWeekOfYear:2015 weekOfYear:2 weekday:3 hour:1 minute:6 second:8 nanosecond:0]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterFullStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 使用指定NSDateComponents匹配指定的NSDate,如果全部匹配成成功,则返回YES,否则No BOOL matchesComponents = [calendar date:date matchesComponents:compt]; NSLog(@"matchesComponents:%d", matchesComponents); // 寻找下一个时间节点,且此节点完全匹配NSDateComponents date = [calendar nextDateAfterDate:date matchingComponents:compt options:NSCalendarMatchNextTime]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 寻找下一个时间点,且匹配指定的时、分、秒 date = [calendar nextDateAfterDate:date matchingHour:15 minute:0 second:0 options:NSCalendarMatchNextTime]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 寻找下一个时间点,且匹配NSCalendarUnit和指定的值 date = [calendar nextDateAfterDate:date matchingUnit:NSCalendarUnitHour value:16 options:NSCalendarMatchNextTime]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]); // 返回给定日期的当日起始时间 date = [calendar startOfDayForDate:date]; NSLog(@"%@", [NSDateFormatter localizedStringFromDate:date dateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle timeStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle]);}
时间比较
- compareDate:toDate:toUnitGranularity:
- isDate:equalToDate:toUnitGranularity:
- isDate:inSameDayAsDate:
- isDateInToday:
- isDateInTomorrow:
- isDateInWeekend:
- isDateInYesterday:
#pragma mark 时间比较- (void)testComparing { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; NSDate *date = [NSDate date]; NSDate *toDate = [date dateByAddingTimeInterval:-10];// 增加10秒 // 比较两个日期的NSCalendarUnitDay大小 NSComparisonResult result = [calendar compareDate:date toDate:toDate toUnitGranularity:NSCalendarUnitDay]; NSLog(@"compareDate:%d", result); // 比较两个日期的NSCalendarUnitDay 是否相等 BOOL compare = [calendar isDate:date equalToDate:toDate toUnitGranularity:NSCalendarUnitDay]; // 两个日期是否在同一天 compare = [calendar isDate:date inSameDayAsDate:toDate]; // 指定的日期是否在今天 compare = [calendar isDateInToday:date]; // 指定的日期是否在明天 compare = [calendar isDateInTomorrow:date]; // 指定的日期是否在周末 compare = [calendar isDateInWeekend:date]; // 指定的日期是否在昨天 compare = [calendar isDateInYesterday:date];}
提取信息
- component:fromDate:
- components:fromDate:
- components:fromDate:toDate:options:
- components:fromDateComponents:toDateComponents:options:
- componentsInTimeZone:fromDate:
- getEra:year:month:day:fromDate:
- getEra:yearForWeekOfYear:weekOfYear:weekday:fromDate:
- getHour:minute:second:nanosecond:fromDate:
#pragma mark 提取组件- (void)testExtractingComponents { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; NSDate *date = [NSDate date]; NSDate *toDate = [calendar dateByAddingUnit:NSCalendarUnitHour value:1 toDate:date options:0]; // 提取NSDate对应的NSCalendarUnit的数值,只能提取一个值 NSInteger component = [calendar component:NSCalendarUnitHour fromDate:date]; NSLog(@"NSCalendarUnitHour:%d", component); // 提取多个数据 NSCalendarUnit unitFlags = NSCalendarUnitHour | NSCalendarUnitMinute;// 提取时和分 NSDateComponents *components = [calendar components:unitFlags fromDate:date]; // 根据指定NSCalendarUnit参数,比较两个NSDate之间的差异 components = [calendar components:unitFlags fromDate:date toDate:toDate options:NSCalendarWrapComponents]; // 根据指定NSCalendarUnit参数,比较两个NSDate之间的差异 NSDateComponents *fromDateComponents = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init]; fromDateComponents.hour = 13; NSDateComponents *toDateComponents = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init]; fromDateComponents.hour = 14; components = [calendar components:unitFlags fromDateComponents:fromDateComponents toDateComponents:toDateComponents options:NSCalendarWrapComponents]; // 根据时区提取所有数据 components = [calendar componentsInTimeZone:calendar.timeZone fromDate:date]; // 提取时代、年、月、日 NSInteger era, year, month, day; [calendar getEra:&era year:&year month:&month day:&day fromDate:date]; // 提取时代、年、第几周、周几 NSInteger weekOfYear, weekday; [calendar getEra:&era yearForWeekOfYear:&year weekOfYear:&weekOfYear weekday:&weekday fromDate:date]; // 提取时、分、秒、毫 NSInteger hour, minute, second, nanosecond; [calendar getHour:&hour minute:&minute second:&second nanosecond:&nanosecond fromDate:date];}
上午和下午符号
AMSymbol Property
PMSymbol Property
#pragma mark - 上午下午符号- (void)testAMAndPMSymbols { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; // 上午 NSString *symbol = calendar.AMSymbol; // 下午 symbol = calendar.PMSymbol;}
周符号
weekdaySymbols Property
shortWeekdaySymbols Property
veryShortWeekdaySymbols Property
standaloneWeekdaySymbols Property
shortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols Property
veryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols Property
#pragma mark 周符号- (void)testWeekdaySymbols { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; // 星期日, 星期一, 星期二, 星期三, 星期四, 星期五, 星期六 NSArray<NSString *> *array = calendar.weekdaySymbols; array = calendar.standaloneWeekdaySymbols; // 周日, 周一, 周二, 周三, 周四, 周五, 周六 array = calendar.shortWeekdaySymbols; array = calendar.shortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols; // 日, 一, 二, 三, 四, 五, 六 array = calendar.veryShortWeekdaySymbols; array = calendar.veryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols; // 举例, NSDate提取星期几 NSDate *date = [NSDate date]; NSInteger component = [calendar component:NSCalendarUnitWeekday fromDate:date]; component--;// 周是从1开头的 NSString *symbol = [calendar.weekdaySymbols objectAtIndex:component]; NSLog(@"NSCalendarUnitWeekday:%@", symbol);}
月符号
monthSymbols Property
shortMonthSymbols Property
veryShortMonthSymbols Property
standaloneMonthSymbols Property
shortStandaloneMonthSymbols Property
veryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols Property
#pragma mark 管理月符号- (void)testMonthSymbols { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; // 一月, 二月, 三月, 四月, 五月, 六月, 七月, 八月, 九月, 十月, 十一月, 十二月 NSArray<NSString *> *array = calendar.monthSymbols; array = calendar.standaloneMonthSymbols; // 1月, 2月, 3月, 4月, 5月, 6月, 7月, 8月, 9月, 10月, 11月, 12月 array = calendar.shortMonthSymbols; array = calendar.shortStandaloneMonthSymbols; // 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 array = calendar.veryShortMonthSymbols; array = calendar.veryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols;}
季度符号
quarterSymbols Property
shortQuarterSymbols Property
standaloneQuarterSymbols Property
shortStandaloneQuarterSymbols Property
#pragma mark 管理季度符号- (void)testQuarterSymbols { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; // 第一季度, 第二季度, 第三季度, 第四季度 NSArray<NSString *> *array = calendar.quarterSymbols; array = calendar.standaloneQuarterSymbols; // 1季度, 2季度, 3季度, 4季度 array = calendar.shortQuarterSymbols; array = calendar.shortStandaloneQuarterSymbols;}
公元前和公元符号
eraSymbols Property
longEraSymbols Property
#pragma mark 公元前/公元- (void)testEraSymbols { NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar]; // 公元前, 公元 NSArray<NSString *> *array = calendar.eraSymbols; array = calendar.longEraSymbols;}
其他
参考资料
NSCalendar Class Reference
Data Formatting Guide
Date and Time Programming Guide
文档修改记录
版权所有:http://blog.csdn.net/y550918116j
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