centOS下mongodb的安装

###############centOS下mongodb的安装#########

mongodb作为非关系型数据库NoSQL数据库的一种，并且是属于免安装类型。

mongodb安装说明：32的安装db空间有限，最大支持2G多，并且性能低于64bit。64bit系统db存储没有限制！

                                 mongodb安装需要磁盘大小为15G以上，如果只是测试可以使用--smallfiles参数最小安装！

1：准备安装包：

   可以到官网下载：https://www.mongodb.org/

   包括各种：dbservers / drivers / docs

2：我准备的安装包[mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz]：

[root@localhost install-files]# lltotal 115412-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 40231021 Oct 17 11:45 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18596528 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3392620 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 55950588 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3：免安装，解压即可使用：

[root@localhost install-files]# tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz 

mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/READMEmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICESmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/GNU-AGPL-3.0mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongodumpmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongorestoremongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongoexportmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongoimportmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongostatmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongotopmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/bsondumpmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongofilesmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongooplogmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongoperfmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongodmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongosmongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongo

4：查看免安装目录下的文件结构：

[root@localhost install-files]# lltotal 115412drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root       74 Oct 17 11:46 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 40231021 Oct 17 11:45 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18596528 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3392620 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 55950588 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[root@localhost install-files]# cd mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# lltotal 68drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Oct 17 11:47 bin-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 34520 May 12 05:35 GNU-AGPL-3.0-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046  1359 May 12 05:35 README-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 22660 May 12 05:35 THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES

[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd bin/[root@localhost bin]# lltotal 116340-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  4305912 May 12 05:35 bsondump-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 11694552 May 12 05:43 mongo-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22349960 May 12 05:43 mongod-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6199144 May 12 05:35 mongodump-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6001840 May 12 05:35 mongoexport-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5956232 May 12 05:35 mongofiles-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6211952 May 12 05:35 mongoimport-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5686856 May 12 05:35 mongooplog-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22129448 May 12 05:43 mongoperf-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6332464 May 12 05:35 mongorestore-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 10552760 May 12 05:43 mongos-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5909928 May 12 05:35 mongostat-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5769944 May 12 05:35 mongotop

解压即可使用!

注：参数最后备注附件：
5：mongod为启动mongodb,可以直接./mongod,默认启动需要配置db的路径为/data/db,没有路径则失败,请手动创建!

[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod2015-10-17T11:52:52.338+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] exception in initAndListen: 29 Data directory /data/db not found., terminating2015-10-17T11:52:52.338+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] dbexit:  rc: 100

[root@localhost bin]# mkdir /data[root@localhost bin]# mkdir /data/db

安装留足空间最小大概15G空间,不然报错:Error:Insufficient free space for journal files

解决:注可以使用--smallfiles参数最小安装

默认：启动mongodb：

[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --smallfiles

或

[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod

非最小安装启动：

[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod2015-10-17T12:03:34.488+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten]………………2015-10-17T12:03:41.407+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

6：查看默认安装文件结构：

[root@localhost bin]# cd /data/db/[root@localhost db]# lltotal 81932drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       17 Oct 17 12:03 journal-rw-------. 1 root root 67108864 Oct 17 12:03 local.0-rw-------. 1 root root 16777216 Oct 17 12:03 local.ns-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root        5 Oct 17 12:03 mongod.lock-rw-r--r--. 1 root root       69 Oct 17 11:59 storage.bson

7：默认关闭关闭mongodb：

[root@localhost bin]# pwd/home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --shutdownkilling process with pid: 2107

注：默认安装缺点：数据库目录不能指定，log日志不能保存查看.

8：自定义配置文件安装mongodb：

查看mongodb的启动参数:

[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --help或[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --help | more

-f  参数 使用配置文件控制mongodb的启动：

操作：在mongodb免安装目录下创建/conf/mongodb.conf来配置启动参数：

[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# pwd/home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# mkdir conf[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# lltotal 68drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Oct 17 12:27 bindrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    25 Oct 17 12:25 conf-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 34520 May 12 05:35 GNU-AGPL-3.0-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046  1359 May 12 05:35 README-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 22660 May 12 05:35 THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd conf/[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# vim mongodb.conf[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cat mongodb.conf 

配置文件信息：

#日志路径logpath=../log/mongodb.log#启动日志不追加,太过庞大logappend=false#设置mongodb的db路径dbpath=/home/mongodb/data/db#后台驻留(守护)进程服务运行fork=true

注：日志路径和mongodb的路径需要自己创建，否则报错：

创建日志目录:

[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# mkdir log[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# lltotal 68drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Oct 17 12:27 bindrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    25 Oct 17 12:25 conf-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 34520 May 12 05:35 GNU-AGPL-3.0drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root     6 Oct 17 12:29 log-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046  1359 May 12 05:35 README-rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 22660 May 12 05:35 THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES

创建mongodb数据db路径:

[root@localhost home]# mkdir mongodbroot@localhost home]# cd mongodb/[root@localhost mongodb]# mkdir data[root@localhost mongodb]# cd data/[root@localhost data]# mkdir db[root@localhost data]# cd db/[root@localhost db]# pwd/home/mongodb/data/db

删除默认安装的mongodb数据,释放空间：

[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd /[root@localhost /]# lsbin  boot  data  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var[root@localhost /]# rm -rf data/[root@localhost /]# lsbin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

使用-f参数：配置文件控制mongodb的启动，空间不足继续加参数：--smallfiles

[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd bin/[root@localhost bin]# lsbsondump  mongo  mongod  mongodump  mongoexport  mongofiles  mongoimport  mongooplog  mongoperf  mongorestore  mongos  mongostat  mongotop[root@localhost bin]# pwd/home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin

使用自定义配置文件启动mongodb：

[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod -f ../conf/mongodb.conf 

about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.forked process: 4327child process started successfully, parent exiting

查看是否用守护进程服务启动:

[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef | grep mongodbroot      4327     1  0 12:38 ?        00:00:00 ./mongod -f ../conf/mongodb.confroot      4340  2122  0 12:41 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mongodb

查看自定义的mongodb数据文件：

[root@localhost bin]# cd /home/mongodb/data/db/[root@localhost db]# lltotal 81932drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       17 Oct 17 12:38 journal-rw-------. 1 root root 67108864 Oct 17 12:38 local.0-rw-------. 1 root root 16777216 Oct 17 12:38 local.ns-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root        5 Oct 17 12:38 mongod.lock-rw-r--r--. 1 root root       69 Oct 17 12:38 storage.bsondrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root        6 Oct 17 12:38 _tmp

注：--smallfiles启动,无storage.bson文件.

查看自定义的日志文件:

[root@localhost db]# cd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/log/[root@localhost log]# lsmongodb.log[root@localhost log]# cat mongodb.log 2015-10-17T12:38:58.575+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] ………………2015-10-17T12:38:58.979+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

默认启动端口为:27017

登陆测试：

[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# telnet localhost 27017Trying ::1...telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refusedTrying 127.0.0.1...Connected to localhost.Escape character is '^]'.^]telnet> quitConnection closed.

登陆日志：

[root@CentOS-Slave1 log]# tail -f mongodb.log………………………2015-10-18T10:24:10.877+0800 I NETWORK  [conn27] AssertionException handling request, closing client connection: 17133 SSL handshake requested, SSL feature not available in this build2015-10-18T10:24:12.627+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:56321 #28 (1 connection now open)2015-10-18T10:24:16.956+0800 I NETWORK  [conn28] end connection 127.0.0.1:56321 (0 connections now open)

注：日志会自动备份：

[root@CentOS-Slave1 sbin]# cd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/log/[root@CentOS-Slave1 log]# lsmongodb.log  mongodb.log.2015-10-17T08-35-18  mongodb.log.2015-10-18T01-31-48

[root@CentOS-Slave1 log]# tail -f mongodb.log………………………2015-10-18T10:24:10.877+0800 I NETWORK  [conn27] AssertionException handling request, closing client connection: 17133 SSL handshake requested, SSL feature not available in this build2015-10-18T10:24:12.627+0800 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:56321 #28 (1 connection now open)2015-10-18T10:24:16.956+0800 I NETWORK  [conn28] end connection 127.0.0.1:56321 (0 connections now open)

打开浏览器console：

[root@CentOS-Slave1 conf]# pwd/home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/conf[root@CentOS-Slave1 conf]# vim mongodb.conf [root@CentOS-Slave1 conf]# cat mongodb.conf 

#日志路径logpath=../log/mongodb.log#启动日志不追加,太过庞大logappend=false#设置mongodb的db路径dbpath=/home/mongodb/data/db#后台驻留进程服务运行fork=true#配置浏览器可以通过28017端口访问mongodbrest=true

配置后，重新启动，先关闭再启动：
关闭自定义配置文件的mongodb:

[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# ./mongod --shutdown --dbpath=/home/mongodb/data/db/killing process with pid: 5891

浏览器登录端口默认28017：
访问url：http://192.168.10.56:28017/

使用客户端登陆mongodb：

[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# ./mongo --port 27017

MongoDB shell version: 3.0.3connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/testServer has startup warnings: 2015-10-18T09:31:48.114+0800 I CONTROL  ** WARNING: --rest is specified without --httpinterface,2015-10-18T09:31:48.114+0800 I CONTROL  **          enabling http interface2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Readahead for /home/mongodb/data/db is set to 4096KB2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] **          We suggest setting it to 256KB (512 sectors) or less2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE  [initandlisten] **          http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/readahead2015-10-18T09:31:48.940+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.2015-10-18T09:31:48.940+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] > show dbslocal  0.078GB> show users> 

备注附件：

mongodb数据db目录文件：

[root@CentOS-Slave1 db]# pwd/home/mongodb/data/db[root@CentOS-Slave1 db]# lltotal 81932drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       17 Oct 18 09:31 journal-rw-------. 1 root root 67108864 Oct 18 09:31 local.0-rw-------. 1 root root 16777216 Oct 18 09:31 local.ns-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root        5 Oct 18 09:31 mongod.lock-rw-r--r--. 1 root root       69 Oct 17 12:38 storage.bson

journal ：事务日志目录（j._0 日志文件从0编号，可循环重用）mongod.lock ：记录当前的mongod的进程号_tmp ：临时数据文件local.0 ：数据库文件，按序号递增，大小也倍增（64M—128M—256M—512M—1G—最大2G）local.ns ：记录集合命名空间和索引命名空间

mongodb指令文件：

[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# pwd/home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# lltotal 116340-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  4305912 May 12 05:35 bsondump-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 11694552 May 12 05:43 mongo-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22349960 May 12 05:43 mongod-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6199144 May 12 05:35 mongodump-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6001840 May 12 05:35 mongoexport-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5956232 May 12 05:35 mongofiles-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6211952 May 12 05:35 mongoimport-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5686856 May 12 05:35 mongooplog-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22129448 May 12 05:43 mongoperf-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  6332464 May 12 05:35 mongorestore-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 10552760 May 12 05:43 mongos-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5909928 May 12 05:35 mongostat-rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046  5769944 May 12 05:35 mongotop[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# 

mongo 客户端程序，连接MongoDB mongod 服务端程序，启动MongoDB mongodump 备份程序 mongoexport 数据导出程序 mongofiles GridFS工具，内建的分布式文件系统 mongoimport 数据导入程序 mongorestore 数据恢复程序 mongos 数据分片程序，支持数据的横向扩展 mongostat 监视程序