【IOS 开发学习总结-OC-60】ipad应用开发的一些知识

ipad与iPhone上 管理有层次的工作流的不同

iPhone上：通过NavigationController,用户可以从上一层界面A到下一层界面B,当 B 处理完后,再返回 A。

ipad上：由于 ipad 屏幕比 iPhone 大的多,所以它就没有通过NavigationController来管理这种关系。——通常是在 iPad 的左边显示一个导航列表框,当单击左边的某个导航项时,该窗口的右边将会显示该导航对应的详情。——这就是 iPad 上的专用控件：UISplitVIewController.

UISplitVIewController——ipad 专用

iPad横向时

iPad 处于横向模式,UISplitVIewController的左侧会出现320px 的侧栏——常用于显示页面导航栏。右侧通常用于显示导航栏对应的详情。

iPad纵向时

UISplitVIewController的左侧的导航栏不再固定显示在左边,而是需要单击某个工具按钮来激活它。——这时,会有个浮动窗口（popover） 来显示导航栏。

图片出自：http://course.gdou.com/blog/Blog.pzs/archive/2011/11/8/10838.html

UISplitVIewController的用法

UISplitVIewController 只是用来管理左右2个 UIviewController,并没有多大额外作用。

使用UISplitVIewController的大致步骤：
1. 创建UISplitVIewController对象,
2. 通过vIewControllers 属性为UISplitVIewController设置左右2个vIewController。
3. 为UISplitVIewController设置 delegate,该属性必须实现UISplitViewControllerDelegate协议的对象。该对象负责额处理UISplitVIewController左侧导航栏的显示和隐藏事件。

UISplitViewControllerDelegate协议中的方法。

@protocol UISplitViewControllerDelegate@optional// This method allows a client to update any bar button items etc.- (void)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)svc willChangeToDisplayMode:(UISplitViewControllerDisplayMode)displayMode NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);//将改变显示模式时- (UISplitViewControllerDisplayMode)targetDisplayModeForActionInSplitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)svc NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);//Asks the delegate to provide the display mode to apply when a split view controller action occurs.// Override this method to customize the behavior of `showViewController:` on a split view controller. Return YES to indicate that you've handled// the action yourself; return NO to cause the default behavior to be executed.- (BOOL)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController showViewController:(UIViewController *)vc sender:(nullable id)sender NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);- (BOOL)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController showDetailViewController:(UIViewController *)vc sender:(nullable id)sender NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);//是否显示详细视图控制器// Return the view controller which is to become the primary view controller after `splitViewController` is collapsed due to a transition to// the horizontally-compact size class. If you return `nil`, then the argument will perform its default behavior (i.e. to use its current primary view// controller).- (nullable UIViewController *)primaryViewControllerForCollapsingSplitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);// Return the view controller which is to become the primary view controller after the `splitViewController` is expanded due to a transition// to the horizontally-regular size class. If you return `nil`, then the argument will perform its default behavior (i.e. to use its current// primary view controller.)- (nullable UIViewController *)primaryViewControllerForExpandingSplitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);// This method is called when a split view controller is collapsing its children for a transition to a compact-width size class. Override this// method to perform custom adjustments to the view controller hierarchy of the target controller.  When you return from this method, you're// expected to have modified the `primaryViewController` so as to be suitable for display in a compact-width split view controller, potentially// using `secondaryViewController` to do so.  Return YES to prevent UIKit from applying its default behavior; return NO to request that UIKit// perform its default collapsing behavior.- (BOOL)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController collapseSecondaryViewController:(UIViewController *)secondaryViewController ontoPrimaryViewController:(UIViewController *)primaryViewController NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);// This method is called when a split view controller is separating its child into two children for a transition from a compact-width size// class to a regular-width size class. Override this method to perform custom separation behavior.  The controller returned from this method// will be set as the secondary view controller of the split view controller.  When you return from this method, `primaryViewController` should// have been configured for display in a regular-width split view controller. If you return `nil`, then `UISplitViewController` will perform// its default behavior.- (nullable UIViewController *)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController separateSecondaryViewControllerFromPrimaryViewController:(UIViewController *)primaryViewController NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);- (UIInterfaceOrientationMask)splitViewControllerSupportedInterfaceOrientations:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);- (UIInterfaceOrientation)splitViewControllerPreferredInterfaceOrientationForPresentation:(UISplitViewController *)splitViewController NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);// Called when a button should be added to a toolbar for a hidden view controller.// Implementing this method allows the hidden view controller to be presented via a swipe gesture if 'presentsWithGesture' is 'YES' (the default).- (void)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)svc willHideViewController:(UIViewController *)aViewController withBarButtonItem:(UIBarButtonItem *)barButtonItem forPopoverController:(UIPopoverController *)pc NS_DEPRECATED_IOS(2_0, 8_0, "Use splitViewController:willChangeToDisplayMode: and displayModeButtonItem instead");// Called when the view is shown again in the split view, invalidating the button and popover controller.- (void)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)svc willShowViewController:(UIViewController *)aViewController invalidatingBarButtonItem:(UIBarButtonItem *)barButtonItem NS_DEPRECATED_IOS(2_0, 8_0, "Use splitViewController:willChangeToDisplayMode: and displayModeButtonItem instead");// Called when the view controller is shown in a popover so the delegate can take action like hiding other popovers.- (void)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)svc popoverController:(UIPopoverController *)pc willPresentViewController:(UIViewController *)aViewController NS_DEPRECATED_IOS(2_0, 8_0, "Use splitViewController:willChangeToDisplayMode: instead");// Returns YES if a view controller should be hidden by the split view controller in a given orientation.// (This method is only called on the leftmost view controller and only discriminates portrait from landscape.)- (BOOL)splitViewController:(UISplitViewController *)svc shouldHideViewController:(UIViewController *)vc inOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)orientation  NS_DEPRECATED_IOS(5_0, 8_0, "Use preferredDisplayMode instead");//左侧导航栏将要显示时激发该方法@end

UIPopoverController ——ipad 专用

UIPopoverController代表浮动导航栏。——其实就是包装一个 UIViewController作为浮动窗口。

UIPopoverController使用的大致步骤

1. 创建一个UIPopoverController对象,指定它将要包装的视图控制器;
2. 可根据需要,调用 popoverContentSize 属性设置UIPopoverController的大小;
3. 调用- (void)presentPopoverFromRect:(CGRect)rect inView:(UIView *)view permittedArrowDirections:(UIPopoverArrowDirection)arrowDirections animated:(BOOL)animated;或者- (void)presentPopoverFromBarButtonItem:(UIBarButtonItem *)item permittedArrowDirections:(UIPopoverArrowDirection)arrowDirections animated:(BOOL)animated;方法将该浮动窗口显示出来。
4. 用户处理完后,调用- (void)dismissPopoverAnimated:(BOOL)animated;方法关闭浮动窗口。

UIPopoverController的.h文件。

@interface UIPopoverController : NSObject <UIAppearanceContainer> {}- (instancetype)initWithContentViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController;@property (nullable, nonatomic, weak) id <UIPopoverControllerDelegate> delegate;@property (nonatomic, strong) UIViewController *contentViewController;- (void)setContentViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated;@property (nonatomic) CGSize popoverContentSize;- (void)setPopoverContentSize:(CGSize)size animated:(BOOL)animated;@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isPopoverVisible) BOOL popoverVisible;@property (nonatomic, readonly) UIPopoverArrowDirection popoverArrowDirection;@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSArray<__kindof UIView *> *passthroughViews;- (void)presentPopoverFromRect:(CGRect)rect inView:(UIView *)view permittedArrowDirections:(UIPopoverArrowDirection)arrowDirections animated:(BOOL)animated;- (void)presentPopoverFromBarButtonItem:(UIBarButtonItem *)item permittedArrowDirections:(UIPopoverArrowDirection)arrowDirections animated:(BOOL)animated;- (void)dismissPopoverAnimated:(BOOL)animated;/* Set popover background color. Set to nil to use default background color. Default is nil. */@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) UIColor *backgroundColor NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);@property (nonatomic, readwrite) UIEdgeInsets popoverLayoutMargins NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);@property (nullable, nonatomic, readwrite, strong) Class popoverBackgroundViewClass NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);@end//UIPopoverControllerDelegate协议@protocol UIPopoverControllerDelegate <NSObject>@optional- (BOOL)popoverControllerShouldDismissPopover:(UIPopoverController *)popoverController NS_DEPRECATED_IOS(3_2, 9_0);- (void)popoverControllerDidDismissPopover:(UIPopoverController *)popoverController NS_DEPRECATED_IOS(3_2, 9_0);- (void)popoverController:(UIPopoverController *)popoverController willRepositionPopoverToRect:(inout CGRect *)rect inView:(inout UIView * __nonnull * __nonnull)view NS_DEPRECATED_IOS(7_0,9_0);@end

兼容 iPhone 与 iPad 的方法

UIDevice类中头文件中常见的方法与属性。

+ (UIDevice *)currentDevice;@property(nonatomic,readonly,strong) NSString    *name;              // e.g. "My iPhone"@property(nonatomic,readonly,strong) NSString    *model;             // e.g. @"iPhone", @"iPod touch"@property(nonatomic,readonly,strong) NSString    *localizedModel;    // localized version of model@property(nonatomic,readonly,strong) NSString    *systemName;        // e.g. @"iOS"@property(nonatomic,readonly,strong) NSString    *systemVersion;     // e.g. @"4.0"@property(nonatomic,readonly) UIDeviceOrientation orientation;       // return current device orientation.  this will return UIDeviceOrientationUnknown unless device orientation notifications are being generated.

UIDevice对象的UIUserInterfaceIdiom属性可返回一个枚举值,如下：

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIUserInterfaceIdiom) {    UIUserInterfaceIdiomUnspecified = -1,    UIUserInterfaceIdiomPhone NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_2), // iPhone and iPod touch style UI    UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_2), // iPad style UI};

判断代码格式如下：

if ([[UIDevice currentDevice] userInterfaceIdiom]        == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPhone)    {        // 直接使用masterNavigationController作为应用窗口的根控制器        self.window.rootViewController  .....    }    // 如果运行设备为iPad    else    {    ....    }