Hadoop 安装教程

*本文主要介绍在 CentOS 安装 CDH，具体版本信息如下：
OS: CentOS 7.0
Java: jdk1.7.0_79
Hadoop: hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7*

1. 关闭防火墙

-- 关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalld.service-- 禁止firewall开机启动systemctl disable firewalld.service-- 关闭SELINUXcat /etc/selinux/configSELINUX=disabled...

---

2. 网络设置

-- 设置 hostscat /etc/hosts192.168.10.51   hw001192.168.10.52   hw002192.168.10.53   hw003-- 设置 hostnamecat /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesHOSTNAME=hw00x-- 重启网络service network restart

---

3. 安装 java 环境

建议安装 1.7 及以上版本，如果已安装，则跳过该步骤。
这里 java 在 root 用户下安装，对所有用户都生效。

-- 卸载 centos7 自带的openjdkyum autoremove java-- 下载 jdkhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html-- 安装rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm-- java 默认安装在目录：/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79-- 设置环境变量，在 /etc/profile 下增加如下：# java config.export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jreexport CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATHexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH:$JRE_HOME/lib-- 环境变量生效source /etc/profile-- 测试是否成功安装javajava -version

---

4. 主机互信设置

新建 hadoop 用户，只需要 hadoop 用户互信即可：

-- 创建hadoop 用户useradd hadooppasswd hadoop-- 互信su - hadoopssh-keygenssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ${remote-host}ssh ${remote-host}

互信可以参看：http://blog.csdn.net/cjfeii/article/details/47148803

---

5. 下载hadoop安装包

wget http://archive-primary.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7.tar.gztar xzvf hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7.tar.gz -C /home/hadoop/

---

6. 设置环境变量

-- 在 .bashrc 或是 .bash_profile 文件中增加以下设置：# hadoop config.export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin

---

7. 修改配置文件

– 修改 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh 中的 JAVA_HOME：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79

– cat hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>    <property>        <name>fs.default.name</name>        <value>hdfs://hw001:8020</value>        <final>true</final>    </property></configuration>

– cat hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>    <property>        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>        <value>/home/name</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>        <value>/home/data</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.replication</name>        <value>3</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.permissions</name>        <value>false</value>    </property></configuration>

note：需要保证这些目录存在，并且 hadoop 用户必须有访问权限，否则报错：/home/name , /home/data

– cat slaves

hw002hw003

– cat mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><configuration>    <property>        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>        <value>yarn</value>    </property></configuration>

– cat yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?><configuration><!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->    <property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>        <value>hw001</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce_shuffle.class</name>        <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>    </property></configuration>

---

8. 启动 hdfs

-- 格式化 namenode：bin/hadoop namenode -format-- 启动进程：sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenodesbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode-- or 可以用一个命令启动sbin/ start-dfs.sh

---

9. 启动 yarn

-- 启动 yarn 相关进程：sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanagersbin/yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager-- or 可以用一个命令启动sbin/start-yarn.sh

10. 打开 web 页面

-- 打开 hdfs 展示页面：http://192.168.10.51:50070/-- 打开 yarn 展示界面：http://192.168.10.51:8088/

---

11. 启动一个应用测试

首先是一个计算 PI 的例子：

bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7.jar pi 20 10output:...Job Finished in 23.673 secondsEstimated value of Pi is 3.12000000000000000000

再举一个 wordcount 的例子：

mkdir ./inputcp /etc/profile ./inputbin/hadoop hdfs -copyFromLocal input /inputhadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.6.0-cdh5.4.7.jar wordcount /input /output./bin/hadoop dfs -ls /outputFound 2 items-rw-r--r--   3 hadoop supergroup          0 2015-10-26 10:18 /output/_SUCCESS-rw-r--r--   3 hadoop supergroup       1587 2015-10-26 10:18 /output/part-r-00000

---

11. 安装完毕。

---

ref：

http://dongxicheng.org/mapreduce-nextgen/hadoop-yarn-install/
http://blog.csdn.net/cjfeii/article/details/47148803
http://www.aboutyun.com/thread-9089-1-1.html

源码编译：
http://www.fanqi.org/hadoop-learning-notes-1-64-bit-ubuntu-next-to-recompile-the-hadoop-2-2-0-laundry-list/

---