手动安装python2.7.9

问题描述：由于python2.7.9之前版本ssl读urllib3模块支持不完善导致，而ubuntu14.04LTS默认安装python2.7.6, 导致pip下载出现error情况，一般有两种方式解决：1)根据出错提示链接尝试解决问题；２）安装python2.7.9，第一种方式尝试未成功，安装python2.7.9的过程及解决问题如下：

1.　安装依赖包  

apt-get install -y gcc-multilib g++-multilib libffi-dev libffi6 libffi6-dbg python-crypto python-mox3 python-pil python-ply libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libexpat1-devlibbluetooth-dev libgdbm-dev dpkg-dev quilt autotools-dev libreadline-dev libtinfo-dev libncursesw5-dev tk-dev blt-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libexpat1-devlibbluetooth-dev libsqlite3-dev libgpm2 mime-support netbase net-tools bzip2

２．获取源码并编译安装

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.9/Python-2.7.9.tgz

tar xfz Python-2.7.9.tgz
cd Python-2.7.9/
./configure --prefix /usr/local/lib/python2.7.9 //可以自定义自己的安装目录
make
make install

问题：make 出现如下情况

ubuntu Can't locate Tcl/Tk libs and/or headers
Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:
_bsddb 　 　　_sqlite3 　 _tkinter
bsddb185 　　 bz2 dbm
dl gdbmimageop
readline sunaudiodev

解决办法：

sudo apt-get install libreadline6 libreadline6-dev libsqlite3-dev　libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libjhlabs-filters-java　libpixels-java　

执行make仍然缺省modules缺省模块减少，有些模块不是必须的，继续执行make install ,如果error, 通过　apt-cache search +<模块名>查找需要安装包

３．测试并指定默认使用python2.7.9

　　测试： /usr/local/lib/python2.7.9/bin/python2.7 -V

指定使用python 版本：sudo ln -sf /usr/local/lib/python2.7.9/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

注：系统自带python的执行文件和终端启动快捷方式都在/usr/bin目录下，而且python2.7.6的默认执行文件是python2.7, 所以要改回python2.7.6需要执行

sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python , 改3.0以上版本同理

文章说明：文章通过整合资源解决了python2.7.9安装问题，主要借鉴如下链接

https://renoirboulanger.com/blog/2015/04/upgrade-python-2-7-9-ubuntu-14-04-lts-making-deb-package/
　　 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6171210/building-python-and-more-on-missing-modules

　　http://www.douban.com/note/320108551/

　　https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#pyopenssl