apache kafka系列之在zookeeper中存储结构

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目录[-]

  • 2.partition状态信息
  • 3. Broker注册信息
  • 4. Controller epoch: 
  • 5. Controller注册信息:
  • 6. Consumer注册信息:
  • 7. Consumer owner:
  • 8. Consumer offset:
  • 1.topic注册信息

    /brokers/topics/[topic] :

    存储某个topic的partitions所有分配信息

    Schema:

    {
        "version": "版本编号目前固定为数字1",
        "partitions": {
            "partitionId编号": [
                同步副本组brokerId列表
            ],
            "partitionId编号": [
                同步副本组brokerId列表
            ],
            .......
        }
    }

    Example:

    {
    "version": 1,
    "partitions": {
    "0": [1, 2],
    "1": [2, 1],
    "2": [1, 2],
    }
    }

    说明:紫红色为patitions编号,蓝色为同步副本组brokerId列表

    2.partition状态信息

    /brokers/topics/[topic]/partitions/[0...N]  其中[0..N]表示partition索引号

    /brokers/topics/[topic]/partitions/[partitionId]/state

    Schema:

    {
    "controller_epoch": 表示kafka集群中的中央控制器选举次数,
    "leader": 表示该partition选举leader的brokerId,
    "version": 版本编号默认为1,
    "leader_epoch": 该partition leader选举次数,
    "isr": [同步副本组brokerId列表]
    }

     
    Example:

    {
    "controller_epoch": 1,
    "leader": 2,
    "version": 1,
    "leader_epoch": 0,
    "isr": [2, 1]

    }

    3. Broker注册信息

    /brokers/ids/[0...N]                 

    每个broker的配置文件中都需要指定一个数字类型的id(全局不可重复),此节点为临时znode(EPHEMERAL)

    Schema:

    {
    "jmx_port": jmx端口号,
    "timestamp": kafka broker初始启动时的时间戳,
    "host": 主机名或ip地址,
    "version": 版本编号默认为1,
    "port": kafka broker的服务端端口号,由server.properties中参数port确定

    }

     
    Example:

    {
    "jmx_port": 6061,

    "timestamp":"1403061899859"
    "version": 1,
    "host": "192.168.1.148",
    "port": 9092

    }

    4. Controller epoch: 

    /controller_epoch -> int (epoch)   

    此值为一个数字,kafka集群中第一个broker第一次启动时为1,以后只要集群中center controller中央控制器所在broker变更或挂掉,就会重新选举新的center controller,每次center controller变更controller_epoch值就会 + 1; 

    5. Controller注册信息:

    /controller -> int (broker id of the controller)  存储center controller中央控制器所在kafka broker的信息

    Schema:

    {
    "version": 版本编号默认为1,
    "brokerid": kafka集群中broker唯一编号,
    "timestamp": kafka broker中央控制器变更时的时间戳

    }

     
    Example:

    {
    "version": 1,
    "brokerid": 3,
    "timestamp": "1403061802981"
    }



    Consumer and Consumer group概念: 
    a.每个consumer客户端被创建时,会向zookeeper注册自己的信息;
    b.此作用主要是为了"负载均衡".
    c.同一个Consumer Group中的Consumers,Kafka将相应Topic中的每个消息只发送给其中一个Consumer。
    d.Consumer Group中的每个Consumer读取Topic的一个或多个Partitions,并且是唯一的Consumer;
    e.一个Consumer group的多个consumer的所有线程依次有序地消费一个topic的所有partitions,如果Consumer group中所有consumer总线程大于partitions数量,则会出现空闲情况;
    举例说明:
    kafka集群中创建一个topic为report-log   4 partitions 索引编号为0,1,2,3
    假如有目前有三个消费者node:注意-->一个consumer中一个消费线程可以消费一个或多个partition.
    如果每个consumer创建一个consumer thread线程,各个node消费情况如下,node1消费索引编号为0,1分区,node2费索引编号为2,node3费索引编号为3
    如果每个consumer创建2个consumer thread线程,各个node消费情况如下(是从consumer node先后启动状态来确定的),node1消费索引编号为0,1分区;node2费索引编号为2,3;node3为空闲状态
    总结 
    从以上可知,Consumer Group中各个consumer是根据先后启动的顺序有序消费一个topic的所有partitions的。
    如果Consumer Group中所有consumer的总线程数大于partitions数量,则可能consumer thread或consumer会出现空闲状态。

    Consumer均衡算法 
    当一个group中,有consumer加入或者离开时,会触发partitions均衡.均衡的最终目的,是提升topic的并发消费能力. 
    1) 假如topic1,具有如下partitions: P0,P1,P2,P3 
    2) 加入group中,有如下consumer: C0,C1 
    3) 首先根据partition索引号对partitions排序: P0,P1,P2,P3 
    4) 根据(consumer.id + '-'+ thread序号)排序: C0,C1 
    5) 计算倍数: M = [P0,P1,P2,P3].size / [C0,C1].size,本例值M=2(向上取整) 
    6) 然后依次分配partitions: C0 = [P0,P1],C1=[P2,P3],即Ci = [P(i * M),P((i + 1) * M -1)]

    6. Consumer注册信息:

    每个consumer都有一个唯一的ID(consumerId可以通过配置文件指定,也可以由系统生成),此id用来标记消费者信息.

    /consumers/[groupId]/ids/[consumerIdString]

    是一个临时的znode,此节点的值为请看consumerIdString产生规则,即表示此consumer目前所消费的topic + partitions列表.

    consumerId产生规则:

       StringconsumerUuid = null;
        if(config.consumerId!=null && config.consumerId)
          consumerUuid = consumerId;
        else {
          String uuid = UUID.randomUUID()
          consumerUuid = "%s-%d-%s".format(
            InetAddress.getLocalHost.getHostName, System.currentTimeMillis,
            uuid.getMostSignificantBits().toHexString.substring(0,8));

         }
         String consumerIdString = config.groupId + "_" + consumerUuid;

    Schema:

    {
    "version": 版本编号默认为1,
    "subscription": { //订阅topic列表
    "topic名称": consumer中topic消费者线程数
    },
    "pattern": "static",
    "timestamp": "consumer启动时的时间戳"

    }

     
    Example:
    {
    "version": 1,
    "subscription": {
    "open_platform_opt_push_plus1": 5
    },
    "pattern": "static",
    "timestamp": "1411294187842"

    }
     
     

    7. Consumer owner:

    /consumers/[groupId]/owners/[topic]/[partitionId] -> consumerIdString + threadId索引编号

    当consumer启动时,所触发的操作:

    a) 首先进行"Consumer Id注册";

    b) 然后在"Consumer id 注册"节点下注册一个watch用来监听当前group中其他consumer的"退出"和"加入";只要此znode path下节点列表变更,都会触发此group下consumer的负载均衡.(比如一个consumer失效,那么其他consumer接管partitions).

    c) 在"Broker id 注册"节点下,注册一个watch用来监听broker的存活情况;如果broker列表变更,将会触发所有的groups下的consumer重新balance.

    8. Consumer offset:

    /consumers/[groupId]/offsets/[topic]/[partitionId] -> long (offset)

    用来跟踪每个consumer目前所消费的partition中最大的offset

    此znode为持久节点,可以看出offset跟group_id有关,以表明当消费者组(consumer group)中一个消费者失效,

    重新触发balance,其他consumer可以继续消费.

    9. Re-assign partitions

    /admin/reassign_partitions

    {
        "fields":[
          {
             "name":"version",
             "type":"int",
             "doc":"version id"
          },
          {
             "name":"partitions",
             "type":{
                "type":"array",
                "items":{
                   "fields":[
                      {
                         "name":"topic",
                         "type":"string",
                         "doc":"topic of the partition to be reassigned"
                      },
                      {
                         "name":"partition",
                         "type":"int",
                         "doc":"the partition to be reassigned"
                      },
                      {
                         "name":"replicas",
                         "type":"array",
                         "items":"int",
                         "doc":"a list of replica ids"
                      }
                   ],
                }
                "doc":"an array of partitions to be reassigned to new replicas"
             }
          }
       ]
    }
     
    Example:
    {
      "version"1,
      "partitions":
         [
            {
                "topic""Foo",
                "partition"1,
                "replicas": [013]
            }
         ]            
    }

     

    10. Preferred replication election

    /admin/preferred_replica_election

     

    {
       "fields":[
          {
             "name":"version",
             "type":"int",
             "doc":"version id"
          },
          {
             "name":"partitions",
             "type":{
                "type":"array",
                "items":{
                   "fields":[
                      {
                         "name":"topic",
                         "type":"string",
                         "doc":"topic of the partition for which preferred replica election should be triggered"
                      },
                      {
                         "name":"partition",
                         "type":"int",
                         "doc":"the partition for which preferred replica election should be triggered"
                      }
                   ],
                }
                "doc":"an array of partitions for which preferred replica election should be triggered"
             }
          }
       ]
    }
     
    例子:
     
    {
      "version"1,
      "partitions":
         [
            {
                "topic""Foo",
                "partition"1         
            },
            {
                "topic""Bar",
                "partition"0         
            }
         ]            
    }

     

    11. 删除topics
    /admin/delete_topics

    Schema:
     "fields":
        [ {"name""version""type""int""doc""version id"},
          {"name""topics",
           "type": { "type""array""items""string""doc""an array of topics to be deleted"}
          } ]
    }
     
    例子:
    {
      "version"1,
      "topics": ["foo""bar"]
    }

    Topic配置

    /config/topics/[topic_name]

    例子

    {
      "version"1,
      "config": {
        "config.a""x",
        "config.b""y",
        ...
       }
    }
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