Linux环境下Nginx安装及Ubuntu Server 15.0.4尝试安装Nginx
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=======================以下内容转自:http://bovin.szecp.com/?p=111===================
新建一个名为www的用户组
[root@os11728 src]# groupadd www
在www用户组下新建一个名为www的用户
[root@os11728 src]# useradd -g www www1.1. 安装 pcre
Pcre是Nginx所必需的库。
[root@os11728 src]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.30/pcre-8.30.tar.gz/download[root@os11728 src]# tar -zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz
[root@os11728 src]# cd pcre-8.30
[root@os11728 pcre-8.30]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pcre –enable-utf8 –enable-unicode-properties –enable-pcregrep-libz –enable-pcregrep-libbz2
[root@os11728 pcre-8.30]# make
[root@os11728 pcre-8.30]# make install
1.2. 安装Nginx
[root@os11728 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.3.3.tar.gz[root@os11728 src]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.3.3.tar.gz
[root@os11728 src]# cd nginx-1.3.3
[root@os11728 nginx-1.3.3]# ./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_gzip_static_module –with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.30
[root@os11728 nginx-1.3.3]# make
[root@os11728 nginx-1.3.3]# make install
1.3. 修改Nginx配置文件
在conf目录下新建了两个文件夹 extra和vhosts,一个是放置Nginx的扩展配置,一个是放置虚拟主机配置。
[root@os11728 nginx-1.3.3]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/extra
[root@os11728 nginx-1.3.3]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts
修改Nginx配置文件:
[root@os11728 nginx-1.3.3]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
主要修改的内容如下:
#user nobody;
user www www;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
# ‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
# ‘”$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”‘;
#access_log logs/access.log main;
log_format access ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” $http_x_forwarded_for’;
#access_log logs/access_ng_finet230_cn.log main;
access_log logs/access_ng_finet230_cn.log access;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
#gzip on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
server {
listen 8080;
server_name 192.168.1.230;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache’s document root
# concurs with nginx’s one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
#include /usr/local/nginx/conf/extra/fastcgi.conf;
#include /usr/local/nginx/conf/extra/gzip.conf;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*.conf;
}
1.4. 创建虚拟主机
[root@os11728 httpd-2.2.22]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/www_finet230_cn.conf
内容如下:
server {
listen 8080;
server_name ng.fine230.cn finet85.cn;
root /var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn;
#激活/关闭自动索引
autoindex on;
#设定索引时文件大小的单位(B,KB, MB或 GB)
#默认为on,显示出文件的确切大小,单位是bytes。
#改为off后,显示出文件的大概大小,单位是kB或者MB或者GB
autoindex_exact_size off;
#开启以本地时间来显示文件时间的功能。默认为关(GMT时间)
#默认为off,显示的文件时间为GMT时间。
#改为on后,显示的文件时间为文件的服务器时间
autoindex_localtime on;
#charset koi8-r;
location / {
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache’s document root
# concurs with nginx’s one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
#将客户端的请求转交给fastcgi
location ~ .*\.(php|php5|shtml)?$ {
#root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;#这里指定了fastcgi进程侦听的端口,nginx就是通过这里与php交互的
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
#网站的图片较多,更改较少,将它们在浏览器本地缓存30天
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
#网站会加载很多JS、CSS,将它们在浏览器本地缓存1小时
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
server
{
listen 8080;
server_name status.ng.finet230.cn;
location / {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
将/var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn目录下的所有档案与子目录的拥有者皆设为www群体的使用者www :
[root@os11728 ~]# chown -R www:www /var/www/root/ng_finet230_cn
1.5. Nginx的启动与关闭
启动Nginx
[root@os11728 ~]# ulimit -SHn 65535[root@os11728 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
停止Nginx
[root@os11728 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop或
[root@os11728 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
重启Nginx
[root@os11728 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
或
[root@os11728 ~]# kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
[root@os11728 ~]# vi /etc/rc.local
在末尾增加以下内容:
ulimit -SHn 65535/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
=======================以上内容转自:http://bovin.szecp.com/?p=111===================
1.6.Ubuntu Server安装Nginx
Nginx资源:http://nginx.org/en/download.html
# 安装前提(否则Nginx make& make install会失败):
C C++ compiler:sudo apt-get install build-essential
g++:sudo apt-get install g++-3.4
gcc: sudo apt-get install gcc-3.4
From:http://blog.csdn.net/klarclm/article/details/8550931
Nginx安装示例
http://www.nginx.cn/install
http://bovin.szecp.com/?p=111
http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/d45ad148cfefe669542b8066.html,http://www.cnblogs.com/skynet/p/4146083.html
Nginx简易配置
方式一:按照前面转载的内容依次安装pcre、openssl、zlib..........#./configure & make & make install,直接看上面内容。
方式二:下载Nginx所需的支持包pcre、openssl、zlib;此外还要将之前的gcc和g++安装,因为Nginx需要C、C++编译环境。
(1)下载Nginx、pcre、openssl、zlib并解压;
nginx:/home/boonya/nginxtemp/nginx-1.8.0
pcre:/home/boonya/nginxtemp/pcre-8.37
openssl:/home/boonya/nginxtemp/openssl-1.0.2d
zlib: /home/boonya/nginxtemp/zlib-1.2.8
(2)这里用一种简易的配置方式:
./configure --prefix=/home/boonya/nginxtemp/nginx-1.8.0 --with-http_realip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_addition_module --with-pcre=/home/boonya/nginxtemp/pcre-8.37 --with-openssl=/home/boonya/nginxtemp/openssl-1.0.2d --with-http_ssl_module --with-zlib=/home/boonya/nginxtemp/zlib-1.2.8
(3)执行:make & make install
注意:这里可能会报错,有些时候感觉是捕风捉影,卡住了就影响心情。所以我不理会这些错误了,如:
Ubuntu ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
使用 sbin/nginx启动Nginx,如果报没有./logs/error.log和../logs/access.log创建这两个文件就可以启动了。
我的虚拟机IP是192.168.28.194,Nginx修改配置文件./conf/nginx.conf 绑定的端口是8080,服务器名将localhost改为IP:192.168.28.194即可。
在外面宿主浏览器访问Nginx成功:http://192.168.28.194:8080/
因为网上提供的Nginx的安装例子,大多大同小异,所以配置过程中出现问题也比较好解决问题。
注:由于Ubuntu server很多环境支持包需要手动安装,过程中操作极易遇到错误,建议如果是安装Nginx还是选择centOS;Ubuntu下很多错误甄别起来比较麻烦,有时候安装过的东西都找不到,经常需要更新。
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