【C/C++学院】0826-文件重定向/键盘输入流/屏幕输出流/字符串输入输出/文件读写简单操作/字符文件读写二进制与文本差别/get与getline挖掘数据/二进制与文本差别/随机位置/多线程初级

文件重定向

#include<iostream>using namespace std;void main(){char str[30] = { 0 };cin >> str;cout << str;system(str);cerr << "error for you";cin.get();cin.get();}

键盘输入流

#include<iostream>#include <stdlib.h>using namespace std;void main1(){char ch;cin >> ch;cout << (char)(ch-32);//cout重载了很多数据类型cin.get();cin.get();}void  main2(){char ch = 0;while ((ch=cin.get())!='\t')//复合表达式{cin.get();cout.put(ch);}}void  main3(){char str[10] = {0};cin.getline(str, 10);//限定长度cout << str;system("pause");}void  main()//引用的方式{char ch = 0;while (  ch!= '\t')//复合表达式{cin.get(ch);//等价于ch=cin.getcin.get();cout.put(ch);}}

屏幕输出流/实数整数输出/格式控制

#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>//控制输出流using namespace std;void main1(){cout.put('A').put('B').put('C');char  str[] = "123456789abcdefg";cout.write(str, 10);//最大输出10个字符，不包含/0cin.get();}void main2(){//dec,oct,hex都是格式控制符int num = 01070;cout << num << endl;//默认十进制cout << hex;//十六进制强制标识，endl结束不了cout << num << num << "\n" << endl;cout << oct;//八进制强制标识,endl结束不了cout << num << num<<"\n"<<endl;cout << dec;cout << num << endl;//默认十进制cout << num << endl;//默认十进制cin.get();}void  main3(){double db = 1.98123178387127838718732;//cout <<db << endl;//小数点后面六位cout << setprecision(25) << db;//小数点显示精确度cin.get();}void  main4(){cout.width (40); //设定显示的宽度cout.fill('&');//填充字符cout << "hello world"<<endl;cin.get();}void  main(){//字符串输出de特点cout.width(40); //设定显示的宽度cout.fill('&');//填充字符cout.setf(ios::left);//输出的内容左对齐cout << "hello world" << endl;cout.width(20); //设定显示的宽度，如果实际长度helloworld超过了2,按照实际长度输出cout.fill('*');//填充字符cout.setf(ios::right,ios::left);//清除左对齐，置右对齐cout << "hello world" << endl;cin.get();}void main6(){int num1;cin.setf(ios::hex, ios::basefield);//设置输入为十六进制cin >> num1;cout.setf(ios::hex, ios::basefield);//设置十六进制cout << num1;int num2;cin.setf(ios::dec, ios::basefield);//设置输入为十进制cin >> num2;cout.setf(ios::dec, ios::basefield);cout << num2;int num3;cin.setf(ios::oct, ios::basefield);//设置输入为8进制cin >> num3;cout.setf(ios::oct, ios::basefield);cout << num3;cin.get();cin.get();cin.get();cin.get();cin.get();}void main7(){double  db = 100 / 7.0;cout.setf(ios::fixed | ios::showpoint);//定点for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++){cout.precision(i);//控制小数点多少位cout << db << endl;}cout << db<<endl;//db = 1000000000000000000000.0;cout.setf(ios::scientific, ios::fixed | ios::showpoint);//实数，根据方便自动选择指数或者定点小数cout << db << endl;cin.get();}void  main8(){const int num = 8848;cout << setw(10) << setfill('*') << setiosflags(ios::left) << num << endl;cout << setw(10) << setfill('*') << setiosflags(ios::right) << num << endl;cout << resetiosflags(ios::right) << setw(10) << setbase(8) << setfill('X') << setiosflags(ios::left) << num << endl;//resetiosflags 清除历史遗迹//setw宽度//setbase基数，决定进制cin.get();}

字符串输入输出

#include<iostream>#include<sstream>#include<string>using namespace std;struct MyStruct{string str1, str2, str3;double db;int num;char ch;};void main1(){string  mystring("china  google  microsoft 12.9 123 A");//string.replace '#'  ' 'MyStruct  struct1;istringstream input(mystring);//创建一个字符串扫描流input >> struct1.str1 >> struct1.str2 >> struct1.str3 >> struct1.db >> struct1.num >> struct1.ch;cout << struct1.str1 << endl;cout << struct1.str2<< endl;cout << struct1.str3 << endl;cout << struct1.db << endl;cout << struct1.num << endl;cout << struct1.ch << endl;cin.get();}void main2(){char   mystring[50]="china#123#A";  for (char *p = mystring; *p != '\0'; p++){if (*p == '#'){*p = ' ';}}istringstream input(mystring);//创建一个字符串扫描流string str;int num;char ch;input >> str >> num >> ch;cout <<str << endl;cout <<num << endl;cout << ch << endl;cin.get();}void main3(){ostringstream  MYOUT;char str[100] = { 0 };//ostringstream MYOUT(str,sizeof(str));char str1[50] = "a1234567b";MYOUT << "a1234b" << 123 << 234.89 << 'h' << str1 << endl;//cout << MYOUT.str();//cout <<str;cin.get();}#include<strstream>void main233(){char str[100] = { 0 };ostrstream MYOUT(str, sizeof(str));//初始化，ostrstrean给char//ostringstream char str1[50] = "a1234567b";MYOUT << "a1234b"  << str1 << ends;cout << MYOUT.str() << endl;std::cout<<str;cin.get();}

字符串流

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS#include <iostream>#include <sstream>#include <string>#include <stdlib.h>using namespace std;void mainA(){stringstream mystr;//字符串进行输入，mystr.put('X').put('Y');//连个字符输入mystr << "ZXCV";//字符串输入cout << mystr.str();string str = mystr.str();//定义字符串接受值char ch;    //从字符串内部读取一个字符mystr >> ch;cout << "\n";cout.put(ch);cout << "\n";cout << mystr.str();std::cin.get();}void main(){stringstream mystr;//sprintf功能char cmd1[30] = { 0 };char cmd2[30] = { 0 };cin.getline(cmd1, 30).getline(cmd2, 30);//读取mystr << cmd1 << "&" << cmd2;//字符打印string str = mystr.str();//定义字符串接受值system(str.c_str());char cstr[50] = { 0 };//默认的字符串strcpy(cstr, str.c_str());cout << cstr << endl;for (char *p = cstr; *p != '\0'; p++){if (*p == '&'){*p = ' ';}}char newcmd1[30] = { 0 };char newcmd2[30] = { 0 };stringstream  newstr(cstr);//sscanf的功能newstr >> newcmd1 >> newcmd2;cout << newcmd1<<"\n"<<newcmd2<< endl;system("pause");}

文件读写简单操作/文件读写按行读写扫描读写

#include <iostream>#include<fstream>using namespace std;void main1(){   ofstream fout;//ofstream.输出文件   fout.open("C:\\1.txt");//打开文件   fout << "1234abcdef";//写入文件   fout.close();}void main2(){ifstream fin("C:\\1.txt");//创建读取文件的流char str[50] = { 0 };fin >> str;//读取fin.close();cout << str;cin.get();}void main3(){//按照行来读取ifstream fin("C:\\1.txt");for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++){char str[50] = { 0 };fin.getline(str, 50);cout << str << endl;}fin.close();cin.get();}void main4(){ofstream fout;//ofstream.输出文件fout.open("C:\\2.txt");//打开文件fout << "锄禾日当午"<<endl;//写入文件fout << "地雷买下土" << endl;//写入文件fout << "谭胜来跳舞" << endl;//写入文件fout << "炸成250" << endl;//写入文件fout.close();}void  main5(){fstream fio("C:\\3.txt", ios::in | ios::out);fio << "锄禾日当午" << endl;//写入文件fio << "地雷买下土" << endl;//写入文件fio << "谭胜来跳舞" << endl;//写入文件fio << "炸成250" << endl;//写入文件fio.close();{fstream fio("C:\\3.txt", ios::in | ios::out);for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++){char str[50] = { 0 };fio.getline(str, 50);cout << str << endl;}fio.close();}cin.get();}void  main6(){fstream fio("C:\\4.txt", ios::in | ios::out);fio << "锄禾日当午" << endl;//写入文件fio << "地雷买下土" << endl;//写入文件fio << "谭胜来跳舞" << endl;//写入文件fio << "炸成250" << endl;//写入文件fio.seekg(ios::beg);//文件指针  ios::beg开始    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)    {char str[50] = { 0 };fio.getline(str, 50);cout << str << endl;    }   fio.close();cin.get();}//写入文件，不需要转换为字符串//读取的时候，不需要吧字符串转换为其他类型的操作void  main7(){ofstream fout;fout.open("C:\\X.txt");fout << "ABC" << " " << 123 << " " << 'ch'<<endl;//打印到文件fout.close();ifstream fin("C:\\X.txt");//创建读取文件的流char str[10] = { 0 };//读取字符串int num = 0;char ch = '\0';fin >> str >> num >> ch;std::cout << str << "\n" << num << "\n" << ch;std::cin.get();}//读写一个字符//文本与二进制存储差别不一样void main123213(){ifstream fin("C:\\4.txt");//创建读取文件的流ofstream fout("C:\\40.txt");if (!fin || !fout){std::cout << "文件打开失败";return;}std::cout << "文件拷贝开始\n";char ch=0;while (fout && fin.get(ch))//引用的方式读取到一个字符{fout.put(ch);//写入一个字节}fin.close();fout.close();std::cout << "文件拷贝完成";cin.get();}void  main10(){ofstream fout("C:\\40.txt",ios::app);//追加fout << "天下英雄，谭胜第一";fout.close();cin.get();}

iosQT

使用TightVNC软件，远程连接mac机器进行开发。

TightVNC

一款用于windows操作系统的应用软件，是一款远程控制软件。

使用教程

1、需要在被控方电脑上打开TvnServer，记住端口的相应信息；

2、如果需要密码验证，在主密码处设置好密码即可，TightVNC的界面也是非常友好的。

字符文件读写二进制与文本差别

文本文件

1  2 3

00000001  00000010   00000011

二进制

123

01111011

get与getline挖掘数据

#include<iostream>#include <stdlib.h>using namespace std;void main1(){{char buf[80];cin.get(buf, 80, '#');//提取一段文本，最大长度为80，遇到#结束std::cout << buf;}system("pause");std::cin.get();std::cin.get();}void main2(){{char buf[80];cin.get(buf, 80);//以回车结束，最大长度为80cin >> buf;//cin无法区分空格std::cout << buf;}system("pause");std::cin.get();std::cin.get();}void main3(){{char buf[8];cin.get(buf, 8,'n');//如果记录回车，空格，可以以任何字符//cin >> buf;//cin无法区分空格std::cout << buf;}system("pause");std::cin.get();std::cin.get();}void main4(){{char buf[80];cin.get(buf, 40, 'n');//如果记录回车，空格，可以以任何字符std::cout << buf<<"\n";//n意味着结束，后面不会读取cin.get(buf, 40, 'n');std::cout << buf << "\n";}system("pause");std::cin.get();std::cin.get();}void main(){char buf[80];//默认/n,可以设定，可以反复读取cin.getline(buf, 80,',');//逐行读取std::cout << buf << "\n";cin.getline(buf, 80,',');//逐行读取std::cout << buf << "\n";cin.getline(buf, 80, ',');//逐行读取std::cout << buf << "\n";cin.getline(buf, 80, '\n');//逐行读取std::cout << buf << "\n";//cin.get(buf, 80,'x');//一次性读取，以X为结束//std::cout << buf << "\n";system("pause");std::cin.get();std::cin.get();}

二进制与文本差别

#include<iostream>#include<fstream>#include<string>using namespace std;struct MyStruct{char *p = "北京是帝都";int num = 20;double db = 10.98;char ch = 'a';};void main1(){ofstream fout("C:\\wen.txt",ios::out);ifstream fin("C:\\wen.txt");std::cout << sizeof(MyStruct) << std::endl;MyStruct my1;fout << my1.p <<" "<< my1.num <<" "<< my1.db <<" "<< my1.ch << "\n";fout.close();char str[100] = { 0 };fin.getline(str, 100, 0);//提取std::cout << str << std::endl;fin.close();cin.get();}void main(){MyStruct my1;my1.p = "chuheridangwu";ofstream fout("C:\\bin.bin", ios::binary);fout.write((char *)&my1, sizeof(my1));////第一个参数是要写入文件的内存的首地址，//第二个参数是长度fout.close();ifstream fin("C:\\bin.bin", ios::binary);MyStruct newmy1;fin.read((char*)&newmy1, sizeof(newmy1));//保存文件读取到内存，内存首地址//长度std::cout << newmy1.p << std::endl;fin.close();std::cin.get();}

二进制文件读写

字节的二进制

#include<iostream>#include<fstream>#include<string>using namespace std;//按照字节的方式读写二进制，//文件加密解密需要字节的方式void main1(){ifstream fin("C:\\write.exe", ios::binary);ofstream fout("C:\\newwrite.exe", ios::binary);if (!fin || !fout){std::cout << "文件打开失败";return;}std::cout << "文件拷贝开始\n";char ch = 0;while (fout && fin.get(ch))//引用的方式读取到一个字符{fout.put(ch);//写入一个字节}fin.close();fout.close();std::cout << "文件拷贝完成";std::cin.get();}

二进制内存文件的拷贝

#include<iostream>#include<fstream>#include<string>using namespace std;struct MyStruct{int i;double db;};void main(){ofstream fout("C:\\big.txt", ios::binary);MyStruct ss[5] = { { 1, 1.1 }, { 2, 2.2 }, { 3, 3.3 }, { 4, 4.4 }, { 5, 5.5 } };fout.write((char *)ss, sizeof(MyStruct)* 5);fout.close();ifstream fin("C:\\big.txt", ios::binary);MyStruct *p = new MyStruct[5];//动态分配内存fin.read((char *)p, sizeof(MyStruct)* 5);fin.close();for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){std::cout << p[i].i << " " << p[i].db << std::endl;}cin.get();}

随机位置文本二进制读写

随机文本文本读写

#include<iostream>#include <fstream>using namespace std;void main1()//随机位置读取{ofstream fout("p.txt");fout << "1234567890abcdefghijklmn";fout.close();ifstream fin("p.txt");//fin.seekg(9, ios::beg);//从开始，往前9个字符fin.seekg(-9, ios::end);//从尾部，倒数9个字符char ch;while (fin.get(ch)){cout << ch;}fin.close();cin.get();}void main2(){ofstream fout("px.txt");fout << "1234567890abcdefghijklmn";fout.close();ofstream Fout("px.txt", ios::in | ios::out);char str[] = "ABCDEFG";Fout.seekp(0, ios::end);//随机位置进行读写long size = Fout.tellp();//当前位置距离begin有多少个字节，尾部可以获取文件大小cout << size<<endl;Fout << str;Fout.close();ifstream fin("px.txt");char ch;while (fin.get(ch)){cout << ch;}fin.close();cin.get();}

随机二进制文本读写

#include<iostream>#include <fstream>using namespace std;void main1a(){double db[10] = { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5, 6.6, 7.7, 8.8, 9.9, 10.1 };ofstream  fout("N.txt", ios::binary);fout.write((char *)db, 80);fout.close();double *p = new double[10];ifstream fin("N.txt", ios::binary);fin.read((char *)p, 80);fin.close();for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){std::cout << p[i] << endl;}std::cin.get();}void main2b()//随机位置读取{double db[10] = { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5, 6.6, 7.7, 8.8, 9.9, 10.1 };ofstream  fout("N.txt", ios::binary);fout.write((char *)db, 80);fout.close();double *p = new double[5];ifstream fin("N.txt", ios::binary);fin.seekg(-40, ios::end);//读写fin.read((char *)p, 40);fin.close();for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){std::cout << p[i] << endl;}std::cin.get();}void main(){//先读取double *p = new double[10];ifstream fin("N.txt", ios::binary);fin.read((char *)p, 80);fin.close();for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){std::cout << p[i] << endl;}//随机写入double db[] = { 100.9, 200.8, 300.7, 400.6, 500.5 };//ios::in | ios::out不再清零文件，否则会清零ofstream  fout("N.txt", ios::binary|ios::in | ios::out);//fout.seekp(40, ios::beg);fout.seekp(0, ios::end);//写入fout.write((char *)db, 40);fout.close();//再次读取{double *p = new double[20];ifstream fin("N.txt", ios::binary);fin.read((char *)p, 160);fin.close();for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++){std::cout << p[i] << endl;}}std::cin.get();}

多线程初级

#include <iostream>#include <thread>#include <string>using namespace std;void helloworld(){std::cout << "你好天朝" << endl;}void helloworldA(){std::cout << "你好天朝A" << endl;}void helloworldB(){std::cout << "你好天朝B" << endl;}void main1(){std::thread t1(helloworld);//线程顺序执行std::thread t2(helloworldA);std::thread t3(helloworldB);cin.get();}

#include <iostream>#include <thread>#include <string>#include<windows.h>using namespace std;void run(int num){Sleep(1000);std::cout << "你好天朝"<< num<< endl;}void main2(){//thread t[10];thread *p[10];for (int i = 0; i < 10;i++){p[i]=new thread(run, i);//循环创建线程p[i]->join();//等待//p[i]->detach();//脱离当前主线程自由执行,乱序}cin.get();}

线程之间通信以及锁定

#include <iostream>#include <thread>#include <string>#include<windows.h>using namespace std;//两个线程并行访问一个变量int g_num = 20;//找到或者找不到的标识void goA(int num){for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++){Sleep(1000);if (i == 6){g_num = 5;}if (g_num ==5){  std::cout << "线程" << num << "结束   \n";return;}std::cout << "线程" << num <<"   "<< g_num << endl;}}void goB(int num){for (int i = 0; i <150; i++){Sleep(1000);if (g_num == 5){std::cout << "线程" << num << "结束   \n";return;}std::cout << "线程" << num << "   " << g_num << endl;}}void main3(){thread t1(goA, 1);thread t2(goB, 2);t1.join();t2.join();std::cin.get();}

线程锁定

#include <iostream>#include <thread>#include <string>#include<windows.h>#include<mutex>using namespace std;//两个线程并行访问一个变量int g_num = 20;//找到或者找不到的标识mutex g_mutex;void goA(int num){g_mutex.lock();//你访问的变量，在你访问期间，别人访问不了for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++){Sleep(300);g_num = 10;std::cout << "线程" << num << "   " << g_num << endl;}g_mutex.unlock();}void goB(int num){for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++){Sleep(500);g_num = 11;std::cout << "线程" << num << "   " << g_num << endl;}}void main(){thread t1(goA, 1);thread t2(goB, 2);t1.join();t2.join();std::cin.get();}