Spring mvc 搭建与总结

前段时间学习了springmvc的使用，用得不是很熟，这几天又使用了一下，感觉还是写篇日记记录一下，以免生疏。

第一步：新建工程，我的目录大概如下，然后导入相关的包（暂没用maven，最好使用maven吧，找包很累）；

第二步：编辑web.xml文件。如下；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">  <display-name>DemoSmvc</display-name>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list>  <!--配置Sring MVC的核心控制器DispatcherServlet -->      <!-- 这样配置把所有.do的请求转发到DispatcherServlet控制中心,DispatcherServlet会默认加载 wib-inf           下的 dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml,根据里面的配置再到相应的controller -->      <servlet>          <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>          <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>          <init-param>              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>              <!-- 修改了加载xml的位置 -->              <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>          </init-param>          <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>      </servlet>        <!--为DispatcherServlet建立映射 -->        <servlet-mapping>          <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>          <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>      </servlet-mapping>    </web-app>

第三步：编辑spring-servlet.xml文件，这个比较重要（需要多查查资料理解面的各种配置意思）；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd              http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd              "><!--use-default-filters="false 把标记了@Controller，Service，Repository，Component注解的类转换为bean use-default-filters="true" 才会扫描包下的所有路径， false不会，只扫描指定的类include-filter指定的类，包含相关注解的类 --><mvc:annotation-driven /><context:component-scan base-package="com.complaints"use-default-filters="false"><context:include-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"type="annotation" /><context:include-filter type="annotation"expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" /><context:include-filter type="annotation"expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository" /><context:include-filter type="annotation"expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Component" /></context:component-scan><!--配置视图 --><bean id="viewResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="prefix" value="/" /><property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /></bean></beans>  

第四步：去包下面写类吧。

1.主要action类：

package com.complaints.action;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import javax.annotation.Resource;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import com.complaints.pojo.User;import com.complaints.service.TestService;import com.complaints.service.TestServiceInte;@Controllerpublic class AuthorAction {// 跳转页面@RequestMapping("/login")public String loginView() {System.out.println("oh shit!");return "login";}// 通过ModelAndView跳转并附带数据到页面@RequestMapping(value = "/index1", method = RequestMethod.GET)public ModelAndView index() {ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("index");modelAndView.addObject("name", "yinqianhui");return modelAndView;}// 通过Map将数据带到页面@RequestMapping(value = "/index2", method = RequestMethod.GET)public String index2(Map<String, Object> map) {map.put("name", "lei tow");return "index";}// 通过Model将数据带到相应页面@RequestMapping(value = "/index3", method = RequestMethod.GET)public String index3(Model model) {model.addAttribute("name", "bear tow");return "index";}// 通过配合@ResponseBody 以json数据返回（适合做即时校验）；记得添加jackson-core-lgpl-1.8.5.jar// 和jackson-mapper-lgpl-1.8.5.jar@RequestMapping(value = "/test", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBodypublic Map test() {System.out.println("test");Map map = new HashMap();map.put("name", "yinzai");return map;}// ajax post 返回对象@RequestMapping(value = "/test3", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic Map test3() {System.out.println("test3");Map map = new HashMap();map.put("name", "XXOO");return map;}@RequestMapping(value = "/test4", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic Map test4(@RequestBody User user) {System.out.println("test4");System.out.println("user:" + user.getUserName() + "=="+ user.getUserPwd());Map map = new HashMap();map.put("name", "参数已经传到");return map;}// 接受参数以Pojo形式@RequestMapping(value = "/showUser", method = RequestMethod.POST)public String showUser(@ModelAttribute(" pojo ") User user, Model model) {System.out.println(user.getUserName() + "==" + user.getUserPwd());model.addAttribute("user", user);return "index";}// request获取参数@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)public String get(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,Model model) {System.out.println(request.getParameter("userName") + "=="+ request.getParameter("userPwd"));User user = new User();user.setUserName(request.getParameter("userName"));user.setUserPwd(request.getParameter("userPwd"));model.addAttribute("user", user);return "index";}/* * 用注解@RequestParam绑定请求参数a到变量a 当请求参数a不存在时会有异常发生,可以通过设置属性required=false解决, * 例如: @RequestParam(value="userName", required=false) */@RequestMapping(value = " /requestParam ", method = RequestMethod.GET)public String setupForm(@RequestParam("userName") String userName,@RequestParam("userPwd") String userPwd, Model model) {System.out.println(userName + "==" + userPwd);User user = new User();user.setUserName(userName);user.setUserPwd(userPwd);model.addAttribute("user", user);return "index";}// redirect:/index "forward:/hello/* 测试@Autowired 和 @Resource */// @Qualifier("testService")// @Resource@Autowired(required = true)private TestServiceInte testService;// test auto 测试自动注入功能@RequestMapping("/login2")public String loginView2() {System.out.println("oh shit!");testService.test();return "login";}// 测试用Map 来接收ajax传过来的json数据；// data:JSON.stringify({userName:"yiner",userPwd:"123456"}),@RequestMapping(value = "test8", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic Map test8(@RequestBody Map maps) {System.out.println("tes8");System.out.println("name=====" + maps.get("userName"));Map map = new HashMap();map.put("name", "test8");return map;}// 用字符创变量接收ajax传过来的json数据；data:{userName:"yiner"},@RequestMapping(value = "test9", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBodypublic Map test9(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("userName") String userName) {System.out.println("tes9");System.out.println("name=====" + userName);Map map = new HashMap();map.put("name", "test9");return map;}// 用字符创变量接收ajax传过来的 ；data:'userName=yiner',@RequestMapping(value = "test10", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBodypublic Map test10(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("userName") String userName) {System.out.println("tes10");System.out.println("name=====" + request.getParameter("userName"));System.out.println("name22===" + userName);Map map = new HashMap();map.put("name", "test10");return map;}}

2.一个普通bean，这里是User：

package com.complaints.pojo;public class User {private String userName;private String userPwd;public String getUserName() {return userName;}public void setUserName(String userName) {this.userName = userName;}public String getUserPwd() {return userPwd;}public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {this.userPwd = userPwd;}}

3.再写个service类（接口就没写出了），测试一下自动注入：

package com.complaints.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service("testService")public class TestService implements TestServiceInte{        public void test() {                System.out.println("This is TestService!!!");    }}

第五步：骚年，可以写个测试页面看看效果了！

test1.html文件：

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">function test() {$.get("test.do", {Action : "get"//传递的参数}, function(data) {// data 可以是 xmlDoc, jsonObj, html, text, 等等.alert(data.name);//$("#roleName").val(member.yin);//获取map里面的数据//从list里面获取map,在获取map里面的数据}, "json");}function test4() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'POST',contentType : 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',url : 'test4.do',dataType : 'json',data : JSON.stringify({userName : "yiner",userPwd : "123456"}),success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}function test3() {$.post("test3.do", {Action : "post"//传递的参数}, function(data) {// data 可以是 xmlDoc, jsonObj, html, text, 等等.alert(data.name);//$("#roleName").val(member.yin);//获取map里面的数据//从list里面获取map,在获取map里面的数据}, "json");}function test8() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'POST',contentType : 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',url : 'test8.do',dataType : 'json',data : JSON.stringify({userName : "yiner",userPwd : "123456"}),success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}//传输json对象function test9() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'GET',contentType : 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',url : 'test9.do',dataType : 'json',data : {userName : "yiner"},success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}//传输字符对象function test10() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'post',url : 'test10.do',dataType : 'json',data : 'userName=yiner',success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}</script></head><body><a href="login.do">页面跳转到login.jsp</a><br><a href="index1.do">go index</a><br><a href="index2.do">index2</a><br><a href="index3.do">index3</a><br><a href="login2.do">login2.do测试Autowired</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test()">AJAX</a><br><a href="test.do">test 返回json数据</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test3()">POST-AJAX（ajax post方式发送与接收数据）</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test4()">GET-AJAX json传参数</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test8()">test8<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">function test() {$.get("test.do", {Action : "get"//传递的参数}, function(data) {// data 可以是 xmlDoc, jsonObj, html, text, 等等.alert(data.name);//$("#roleName").val(member.yin);//获取map里面的数据//从list里面获取map,在获取map里面的数据}, "json");}function test4() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'POST',contentType : 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',url : 'test4.do',dataType : 'json',data : JSON.stringify({userName : "yiner",userPwd : "123456"}),success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}function test3() {$.post("test3.do", {Action : "post"//传递的参数}, function(data) {// data 可以是 xmlDoc, jsonObj, html, text, 等等.alert(data.name);//$("#roleName").val(member.yin);//获取map里面的数据//从list里面获取map,在获取map里面的数据}, "json");}function test8() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'POST',contentType : 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',url : 'test8.do',dataType : 'json',data : JSON.stringify({userName : "yiner",userPwd : "123456"}),success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}//传输json对象function test9() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'GET',contentType : 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',url : 'test9.do',dataType : 'json',data : {userName : "yiner"},success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}//传输字符对象function test10() {jQuery.ajax({type : 'post',url : 'test10.do',dataType : 'json',data : 'userName=yiner',success : function(data) {alert(data.name);},error : function() {alert("error");}});}</script></head><body><a href="login.do">页面跳转到login.jsp</a><br><a href="index1.do">go index 通过ModelAndView跳转并附带数据到页面</a><br><a href="index2.do">index2 通过Map将数据带到页面</a><br><a href="index3.do">index3 通过Model将数据带到相应页面</a><br><a href="login2.do">login2.do测试Autowired</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test()">AJAX 接收数据</a><br><a href="test.do">test 后台返回json数据</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test3()">POST-AJAX</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test4()">GET-AJAX json传参数</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test8()">test8 测试用Map 来接收ajax传过来的json数据</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test9()">test9 用字符创变量接收ajax传过来的json数据</a><br><a href="#" onclick="test10()">test10 用字符创变量接收ajax传过来的 </a><br></body></body></html>

还有个配合测试的页面(主要是表单数据提交例子)：

login.jsp

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core"xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Insert title here</title></head><body><f:view>1.pojo形式提交参数<form method="post" action="showUser.do">name: <input id="a" type="text" name="userName" /> pwd: <input id="b"type="password" name="userPwd" /> <input type="submit"value="Submit" /></form></f:view><br></br> 2.普通方式提交，通过request方式接受<form method="get" action="get.do">name: <input id="a" type="text" name="userName" /> pwd: <input id="b"type="password" name="userPwd" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /></form><br></br> 3.与参数绑定的方式<form method="get" action="requestParam.do">name: <input id="a" type="text" name="userName" /> pwd: <input id="b"type="password" name="userPwd" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /></form></body></html>

第六步：将其添加到tomcat启动应该就大功告成了！点击相应的链接可以测试不同的后台业务，刚刚浏览器崩溃了，差点要重写，还好博客还有自动保存。

因时间问题，本文没有详细分析里面的内容，等下次再细分吧.今天就只搭个测试环境玩玩了！

下载链接（比较旧了的，但能用！）：http://download.csdn.net/detail/yinqianhui1990/9073409